Search results

1

Nowy żar Kuźni bluźnierstw

100%

Lam A.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka

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2015

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issue 26

219-228

EN

The article discusses a collection of Karol Irzykowski’s aphorisms entitled Kuźnia bluźnierstw (The Forge of Blasphemy, 1911, printed as a book in 1913), its role against the trends of the times, especially Nietzsche’s philosophy and psychoanalysis, the importance of social rebellions, national uprisings and artistic revolutions (“blaspheming”, “bravado”, “pioneering”, audiacia civilis). In the subsequent part of the article, the author discusses the topicality of a critic’s theses in relation to the contemporary disputes over the content and the language of the argumentation. The author has placed pragmatism at the centre of the considerations, with special emphasis placed on intellectual and artistic deeds, antecedent awareness and its caricature i.e. usurpation. This is concisely put in the following aphorism: “Genuine faith feeds on lack of faith; it only lives because it is constantly restored”.

2

Konzeptualisierung der Ironie in Aphorismen und anderen humoristischen Kurztexten

92%

Wowro I.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

|

2019

|

issue 16

211-225

EN

The aim of the article is to present a general image of Irony functioning in the public sphere and pos¬sibilities of conceptualization of Irony from a sociological and linguistic perspective. Next, attention is turned to the specificity of its indicators and functions. The empirical part depicts the image of Irony conceptualization in selected aphorisms, proverbs and other short humorous texts and illustrates various (subjective) interpretive models of this category.

3

O wartości literatury w świetle aforyzmów i korespondencji Adolfa Dygasińskiego

81%

Skała A.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

|

2017

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vol. 60

|

issue 2 (122)

113-126

EN

Adolf Dygasiński methodically developed writing meticulous aphorisms. He cherished the intention to write a vast theoretical study on literature, author, reader and the book. The sketched adages were to help him as central themes for particular chapters. Although the substantial part of this collection is characterized by stylistic negligence (the indicator of a sketch) there exists the need for a thorough inspection of the senses of aphorisms, as they include prudent and maturely thought over concepts that show the writer’s own project, which has not been expressed anywhere else by a systemic lecture and concerned the significance of literariness. Together with journalistic texts and private letters, aphorisms constituted the testimony of Dygasiński’s creative awareness.

4

Biografia intelektualna Emila Ciorana

81%

Piechaczek S.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

|

2011

|

issue 14

101 – 122

EN

On the formation of Cioran’s vision of the world and man, influenced largely his belonging to precisely this and no other nation. Romanian fatalism, inability to illusions, seeing the inevitable, the Romanian people’s faith in the fact that sin and creation are the same and constant accusations against this creation are the constitutive elements of Cioran’s thought. Carrying the baggage of experiences of the nation thrown out of history and time, Cioran, as a Romanian emigrant in France, found the best model for his own writing in rhetorical and satirical tradition of the French moralists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, who were a combination of “lyrical sublimity and cynicism”, gentleness and hell. They showed him not only what is uncompromising in pursuing the motives of human action, looking at everything from many different perspectives, or suspicion of any kind of doctrine, but they also became for him a model of style. Of all literary forms cultivated by moralists, Cioran appreciated most the fragment, that is to say a closed form, often paradoxical and witty that having nothing in common with the characteristic for large systems long strings of argument – that was a form of recording experience, and like this experience, assumed discontinuity. Being a spokesperson for the “philosophy of the only moments”, Cioran advocated not only against the system, but also against academic philosophy – grown with indifference, regardless of the state of mind, it seemed to him the result of reduction of vitality and a kind of escape into the impersonal world of unrest. State, which fully made Cioran realize the futility resorting to this kind of philosophy, was insomnia, from which the Romanian philosopher had suffered more or less since he was seventeen. According to the author of the Fall in the Time insomnia and boredom are the “minimum imbalance”, which we have to experience, when we want to get closer to some essential truths about man. However, the price that we pay for it, is to get overly heightened awareness and inability to re-engage in life. The “extreme sobriety of look” leads to skepticism, which in the twentiethcentury in the works of Romanian thinker has its most perfect expression.

5

Projectional Interpretation: Bolesław Prus’s Reading of Zdania i uwagi by Adam Mickiewicz

81%

Ławski J.

Tematy i Konteksty

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2020

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issue 1

180-196

EN

The article focuses on the interpretation of selected aphorisms of the Romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz (1798–1855) provided by Bolesław Prus (1847–1912),a prose writer and a representative of realism in Polish post-Romantic literature. Prus interpreted religious, sometimes almost mystical, aphorisms as commendation of hard work, activism, and as a manifesto of practical ethics. Inspired by the mystical thoughts of Angelus Silesius, Jakob Böhme and Saint-Martin, Mickiewicz’s aphorisms are perceived as exceptionally ambiguous. Prus, however, projected his own literary and philosophical mindset onto the micro-texts of the Romantic poet and, in consequence, oversimplified their meaning. What he did is here called a projectional interpretation.

6

Sind Aphorismen hypertextuell? Zur konzeptionellen Hypertextualität analoger Texte

81%

Szczepaniak J.

Linguistica Copernicana

|

2015

|

issue 12

271-286

EN

The following article is an attempt to point out the conceptional similarities between two medially distinct kinds of text - the aphorism and the hypertext. The basis for achieving this aim is the concept of coherence. This article supports a broader, process-oriented concept of coherence, which involves the reader as the creator of coherence. The analysis concetrates on the aphorism, with its fragmentary structure, which demandrs participation in constructiong the sense of the text. An attempt is made to exemplify the conceptional hypertextuality of such texts with some aphorisms of K. Kraus, E. Canetti and S. J. Lec.

7

Das Bild und Konzeptualisierungsvarianz des Humors in Minitexten über Humor

70%

Wowro I.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

|

2018

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vol. 143

403 - 420

DE

Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist zu zeigen, wie der Begriff Humor in humorvoll gearteten Texten gezeigt und konzeptualisiert wird, d.h. welche kognitiven Schemata diesem Phänomen zugewiesen werden können. So gilt es für die Zwecke des vorliegenden Beitrags den Humor als eine allgegenwärtige, mehrdimensionale und übergreifende Kategorie darzustellen. Für ein solches Vorhaben wird ein Korpus von über 200 Aphorismen, Sprüchen oder sog. pointierten Zitaten aus verschiedenen Epochen herangezogen, um zu veranschaulichen, wie er von den Aphoristikern und anderen Autoren wahrgenommen und erfasst wird.

EN

The aim of the article is to present a general image of humour functioning in the public sphere and the possibilities of conceptualization of humour from a sociological and linguistic perspective. Next, attention is turned to the specificity of humorously marked texts and to their reception. The empirical part depicts the image of humour conceptualization in selected aphorisms, proverbs and other short humorous texts and illustrates various (subjective) interpretive models of this category.

8

Biografia intelektualna Emila Ciorana

70%

Piechaczek S.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

|

2011

|

issue 14

101–122

EN

On the formation of Cioran’s vision of the world and man, influenced largely his belonging to precisely this and no other nation. Romanian fatalism, inability to illusions, seeing the inevitable, the Romanian people’s faith in the fact that sin and creation are the same and constant accusations against this creation are the constitutive elements of Cioran’s thought. Carrying the baggage of experiences of the nation thrown out of history and time, Cioran, as a Romanian emigrant in France, found the best model for his own writing in rhetorical and satirical tradition of the French moralists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, who were a combination of “lyrical sublimity and cynicism”, gentleness and hell. They showed him not only what is uncompromising in pursuing the motives of human action, looking at everything from many different perspectives, or suspicion of any kind of doctrine, but they also became for him a model of style. Of all literary forms cultivated by moralists, Cioran appreciated most the fragment, that is to say a closed form, often paradoxical and witty that having nothing in common with the characteristic for large systems long strings of argument – that was a form of recording experience, and like this experience, assumed discontinuity. Being a spokesperson for the “philosophy of the only moments”, Cioran advocated not only against the system, but also against academic philosophy – grown with indifference, regardless of the state of mind, it seemed to him the result of reduction of vitality and a kind of escape into the impersonal world of unrest. State, which fully made Cioran realize the futility resorting to this kind of philosophy, was insomnia, from which the Romanian philosopher had suffered more or less since he was seventeen. According to the author of the Fall in the Time insomnia and boredom are the “minimum imbalance”, which we have to experience, when we want to get closer to some essential truths about man. However, the price that we pay for it, is to get overly heightened awareness and inability to re-engage in life. The “extreme sobriety of look” leads to skepticism, which in the twentieth century in the works of Romanian thinker has its most perfect expression.

9

O świadomości genologicznej Józefa Piłsudskiego (rekonesans)

70%

Bryła W.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2021

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vol. 28

|

issue 2

11-22

EN

The article describes Józef Piłsudski’s texts on various types of speech. The bibliography of Piłudski’s works includes over thirty types of speech, which speaks to his linguistic agility. Our outline includes the analysis of four selected types of texts: aphorism, diatribe, denunciation and feuilleton written in various times in the course of his life. All of them were persuasive in nature and were written using a highly emotional language.

10

Martin Kessels aphoristische Anthropologie im Kontext von Roman und Essay

66%

Spicker F.

Convivium. Germanistisches Jahrbuch Polen

|

2013

197-220

PL

Artykuł ma charakter monograficzny z uwzględnieniem problematyki genologicznej z zakresu teorii aforyzmu literackiego. Prezentuje on twórczość aforystyczną Martina Kessela (1901-1990) w kontekście jego prozy powieściowej i eseistycznej, w tym jego powieści Herrn Brechers Fiasko i tomów Aphorismen i Gegengabe. Autor skupia się na opisie ewolucji myślowych konstruktów werbalno-obrazowych, na których opiera się antropologia Kessela. Przy pomocy pojęć kontekst i antropologia nawiązuje autor do aktualnej debaty teoretyków aforyzmu o granicach gatunku, ilustrując swe tezy przykładami z twórczości Kessela.

EN

The essay deals with the monographic topic as well as theoretical questions of the genre. It presents Martin Kessel (1901-1990) mainly by analysing his aphorisms in his novel Herrn Brechers Fiasko and in his essays. It addresses the transformation/rearrangement of those aphorisms in Kessel’s books Aphorisms (1948) and Gegengabe (1960) respectively. Motifs like the ghost and the devil form the foundations of the author’s anthropology. Context and anthropology are two key issues in the current research on the genre and the author provides deeper insight into these topics.

DE

Der Aufsatz ist an der Nahtstelle von monographischem Thema und gattungstheoretischem Problem angesiedelt. Er stellt den Aphoristiker Martin Kessel (1901-1990) vor, indem er sich vornehmlich dessen Aphorismen im Kontext seines Romans Herrn Brechers Fiasko (1932) sowie seinen Essays widmet und ihre Umgestaltung in den Aphorismen (1948) bzw. der Gegengabe von 1960 untersucht. Auf der Grundlage von Denkbildern wie dem Gespenst oder dem Teufel werden Grundzüge der Anthropologie des Autors entwickelt. Mit den Stichworten Kontext und Anthropologie greift der Beitrag aktuelle Fragestellungen der Gattungsforschung exemplarisch auf und entwickelt sie fort.

11

“Do Not Throw Down the Glove Before Me, or You Shall Be Cold”. The Aphorisms of Karol Irzykowski

58%

Panek S.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

|

2015

|

vol. 58/115 z. 1

57-73

EN

The article discusses Karol Irzykowski as an aphorist, focusing on the discord between the critic’s intensive practice of the aphorism and his scathing condemnation of the form of the aphorism, which in his opinion was an instance of simplified, apodictic thinking. The aim of the article is to attempt to explain what justifies the frequent use of the aphorism by a writer who did not appreciate this device; what shape Irzykowski’s aphorisms took against the background of the tradition of the genre; and, finally, what is their function in his writing and what they prove. Irzykowski’s skeptical attitude to this form of statement stems from his epistemological beliefs and provides both a basis for his modifications of the genre and the keystone of cycles of intertextually related aphorisms which the present author has identified in dispersed yet thematically connected pieces by this critic.

PL

Artykuł traktuje o Karolu Irzykowskim jako aforyście, koncentrując się na paradoksie rysującym się pomiędzy jego intensywną aforystyczną praktyką a jednoczesną zjadliwą krytyką tego gatunku - przykładu uproszczonego, apodyktycznego myślenia. Celem artykułu jest próba wyjaśnienia, co uzasadnia częste stosowanie aforyzmów przez pisarza, który nie cenił tego "pisarskiego narzędzia"; jaki kształt mają aforyzmy Irzykowskigo na tle tradycji gatunku; i wreszcie, jaką pełnią funkcję w tekstach autora. Sceptyczne podejście Irzykowskiego do tej formy literackiej wynika z jego przekonań epistemologicznych i tym samym determinuje autorską modyfikację gatunku.

12

Językowy obraz kobiety i mężczyzny w aforyzmach Gertrudy von le Fort

58%

Żurawlew T.

Religious and Sacred Poetry: An International Quarterly of Religion, Culture and Education

|

2014

|

issue 4(8)

149-174

PL

W niniejszej publikacji mowa jest o językowym obrazie kobiety i mężczyzny w aforyzmach Gertrud von le Fort, niemieckiej pisarki żyjącej w latach 1876-1971, której twórczość określają inspiracje religijne. Podjęte tu rozważania wchodzą w zakres semantyki leksykalnej i korespondują z językoznawstwem aksjologicznym oraz nowszym nurtem badań językoznawczych, tzw. teolingwistyką. Autor poddaje semantycznej analizie sposób, w jaki Gertrud von le Fort kategoryzuje i wartościuje w swoich aforyzmach relację zachodzącą między kobietą i mężczyzną. Interesuje go etyka mowy poetki oraz wartości semantyczne tworzące w jej idiolekcie obraz obu płci. Ponieważ sferę aksjologiczną aforyzmów Gertrud von le Fort konstytuuje język doświadczenia religijnego, autor zwraca również uwagę na sposób, w jaki przedstawiana jest w badanych aforyzmach duchowość kobiety i mężczyzny. Refleksja metodologiczna oparta jest o studium wiedzy z zakresu badań nad językowym obrazem świata. Autor definiuje to zagadnienie, przedstawiając pierwotną koncepcję Wilhelma von Humboldta oraz współczesne koncepcje badawcze m.in. Jerzego Bartmińskiego i Ryszarda Tokarskiego, a następnie odnosi je do relacji, jaka zachodzi między językowym obrazem świata a literaturą. Rozważania wzbogacone są o notę biograficzną Gertrud von le Fort, której poetycka i prozatorska twórczość stała się na początku XX wieku oznaką duchowego odrodzenia Niemiec. Przedstawione zostały najważniejsze fakty z życia poetki oraz rozwój jej pisarskiego kunsztu. Autor przypomina m.in. o Hymnach do Kościoła (Hymnen an die Kirche) – jednym z najważniejszych poematów niegdyś protestanckiej pisarki, w którym zawarła swój własny duchowy proces zbliżania się do katolicyzmu. Praca stanowi oryginalny wkład autora do badań nad literacką spuścizną Gertrud von le Fort. Jak dotąd nie były prowadzone żadne analizy ujmujące jej aforystyczną twórczość z punktu wiedzenia językoznawstwa kulturowego, uwzględniającego aspekty aksjologiczne jej idiolektu. Refleksja dowodzi m.in., że orientacja estetyczna języka le Fort oparta jest o ideę wzajemności kobiety i mężczyzny, i że obraz obu płci zastany w aforyzmach pisarki jest spójny z ich potocznym wyobrażeniem zakorzenionym w tradycji chrześcijańskiej. Tym samym praca może być społecznie ważnym przyczynkiem do dalszych rozważań z zakresu wywiedzionej z literatury chrześcijańskiej antropologii płci.

EN

The following paper deals with a linguistic image of man and woman in the aphorisms of Gertrud von le Fort, a German writer whose dates are 1876-1971 and whose oeuvre is determined by religious inspirations. Reflections undertaken in this paper are related to the field of lexical semantics and correspond with axiological linguistics as well as the latest tend in linguistic studies, the so called theological linguistics. The semantic analysis carried out in the paper addresses the ways in which Gertrud von le Fort categorises and evaluates the relation between a man and a woman in her aphorisms. The author of the paper is interested in the ethics of the poet's utterance as well as semantic properties that create the images of both sexes in le Fort's idiolect. Since the axiological sphere of Gertrud von le Fort's aphorisms is constituted by the language of religious experience, the author of this paper also concentrates on the ways in which spirituality of a man and a woman is represented in the aphorisms under discussion. Methodological reflection focuses on recent developments in the studies on the linguistic image of the world. The author defines this issue by referring to the original concept formulated by Wilhelm von Humboldt as well as recent research conceptions of Jerzy Bartmiński and Ryszard Tokarski, among others. He then relates them to interdependence between literature and the linguistic image of the world. The reflections are enriched by a biographical note of Gertrude von le Fort, whose poetry and prose became a symbol of spiritual rebirth of Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Major facts of the poet's life as well as her artistic skill in writing are presented in the paper. The author evokes Hymns to the Church (Hymnen an die Kirche) that belong to the most important texts of this formerly protestant writer – in which she presented her own spiritual process of moving closer to Catholicism. The author of this paper provides an original input into the studies on the literary legacy of Gertrud von le Fort. So far no studies have been conducted on her aphoristic oeuvre from the angle of cultural linguistics that includes axiological aspects of her idiolect. The reflection proves that the esthetically-oriented language of le Fort is based on the idea of mutuality between man and woman and that the images of both sexes found in the writer's aphorisms are consistent with a popular perception rooted in Christian tradition. Theat is why this paper may become an important contribution to further considerations in the field of gender anthropology inferred from Christian literature.

13

Jubileusz? Fraszka

58%

Madejski J.

Autobiografia. Literatura. Kultura. Media

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2021

|

vol. 17

9-18

EN

The author presents a lyrical miniature of Artur Daniel Liskowacki titled „Fraszka” („Trifle”) from the volume „Atlas ptaków polskich” („Atlas of Polish Birds”). On this example he shows the most important features Szczecin writer’s poetry. Above all, the article shows Liskowacki’s interest in time. However, the writer is less interested in the philosophy of time. Liskowacki introduces the issue of temporality through the description of a clock.

PL

Autor przybliża miniaturę liryczną Artura Daniela Liskowackiego Fraszka z tomu Atlas ptaków polskich. Na tym przykładzie pokazuje najważniejsze cechy poezji szczecińskiego pisarza. Przede wszystkim jednak w artykule ukazane jest zainteresowanie Liskowackiego czasem, którego mniej interesuje filozofia czasu. W problematykę temporalności Liskowacki wprowadza poprzez opis zegara.

14

I. Prijatelj in A. Nowaczyński: informativno‑korektivna funkcija prevoda (Wildovi aforizmi prek poljščine v slovenščino)

58%

Stanovnik M., Cieślar J.

|

2016

|

vol. 7

|

issue 1

136-150/151-164

SI

Na dunajski univerzi izobraženi slavist Ivan Prijatelj (1875—1937), aktivni sopotnik pesniške skupine 'slovenske moderne', se je uveljavil predvsem kot vpliven literarni zgodovinar. Z literaturo pa se je vse življenje ukvarjal tudi kot esejist in prevajalec, ker je hotel spoznavati pomembne, še zlasti sodobne evropske avtorje in umetnostne smeri ter z njimi seznanjati rojake. Informacijo o angleškem pisatelju, ki je takrat zbujal pozornost v vzhodni in zahodni Ev‑ ropi, je zgostil v revijalnem prispevku Oskar Wilde (1907), katerega večji del predstavlja prevod Wildovih aforizmov o umetnosti in kritiki. Poslovenjeni pa so iz poljščine, po knjigi Adolfa Nowaczyńskega Oskar Wilde. Studjum. Aforyzmy. Nowele (1906), v kateri je Wilde predstavljen obširneje in bolj vsestransko. Prijateljev prevod je tematsko enovitejši, toda v njegovem prevod‑ nem opusu edini, ki ni narejen neposredno iz izvirnika. S prevodom Nowaczyńskega se ne ujema popolnoma, skladen pa je s kratko poetiko prevoda, ki jo je napisal kot uvodno poglavje svoje zgodnejše prevodoslovne razprave Puškin v slovenskih prevodih (1901). Njeno izhodišče je ugo‑ tovitev, da je prevod v književnosti majhnega naroda, kakršen je slovenski, nepogrešljiv, ker jo povezuje s književnostmi drugih narodov z informiranjem in vzgojo domačih bralcev in korigi‑ ranjem lokalnih artističnih standardov. Za ustrezno opravljanje teh funkcij mora ohraniti pristnost izvirnika in se hkrati prilagoditi ciljni kulturi, da v njej deluje kot domače delo. Temu primerno je zaznamovan ne samo z avtorjevo, ampak vsaj deloma tudi s prevajalčevo kreativno osebnostjo.Manjši odmiki od izvirnika v prevodih Nowaczyńskega in Prijatelja, ki se tu in tam razhajata tudi med sabo, ostajajo v okvirih priporočene 'zlate srednje poti' med ohranjanjem avtorjevih in‑ tencij in prevajalčevih svoboščin, namenjenih čim večji učinkovitosti in prepričljivosti preveden‑ ega besedila.

EN

The Slavic scholar Ivan Prijatelj (1875—1937), who received his university education in Vienna and was a contemporary and collaborator of the group of Slovene writers known as the »Slovene Modernists« (slovenska moderna), established himself primarily as an influential liter‑ ary historian. Apart from that, he developed his interests in literature as an essayist and translator, being eager to become familiar with important authors and literary currents, especially modern European ones, and to make them accessible to Slovene readers. He succinctly presented the English writer, who at the time garnered attention in Eastern and in Western Europe, in the journal article Oskar Wilde (1907), which is a translation of Wilde’s aphorisms on art and on criticism. They were translated into Slovene from Polish, on the basis of Oskar Wilde. Studjum. Aforyzmy. Nowele, a book by Adolf Nowaczyński (1906), in which Wilde is dealt with in a more extensive and multi ‑faceted manner. Prijatelj’s version, which is thematically homogeneous, is the only one among his translations that is not based directly on the source text. It does not always follow Nowaczyński’s translation, but is consistent with the poetics of translation sketched out by Prijatelj in the introductory chapter to his study on Pushkin in Slovene translations (1901). The study presupposes that for the literature of a small nation such as Slovenia, transla‑ tion is indispensable in as far as it enables that literature to become connected to other national literatures; in actual fact, translations are considered as a means of informing and educating target readers as well as of correcting local literary standards. In order to perform these functions in a satisfactory way, a translation must preserve the original’s authenticity, while at the same time adapting to the target culture and naturally integrating into it. Accordingly, a translated text does not only bear a mark of the author’s creative genius, but, to an extent, also of that of the translator. Some minor shifts with respect to the English original are observable in Prijatelj’s and Nowaczyński’s translations, which in some points differ also from each other, and remain within the recommended middle way, which makes it possible for the translator to take into account the author’s intentions, while allowing himself the necessary freedom, so as to produce an effective and convincing target text.

15

„Die Kürze würzen“: Zu den sprichwörtlichen Aphorismen von Alexander Eilers

58%

Mieder W.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

|

2022

|

issue 22

139-164

EN

Alexander Eilers (born 1976) has not only made a name for himself as an aphoristic writer of several vo- lumes but has also assisted younger aphoristic authors whose aphorisms he has edited. With a doctorate in English language and literature at the University of Gießen he has occupied himself with the genre of aphorisms and written several meta-aphorisms. Repeatedly his texts that start with an individual word that in turn is defined by the addition of a proverbial expression. Other aphorisms begin with an expression that is expanded by a short commentary. Again and again expressions are questioned which at times leads to innovative statements by the mere substitution of a letter or word. Not only classical, biblical, and folkloric expressions appear, but Eilers also exhibits an extensive repertoire of quotations and proverbs. This traditional language material is manipulated and at times leads to expressive anti- proverbs. 386 texts of the 2142 aphorisms or 18% start from such formulaic expressions. They show that Eilers occupies himself intensively with proverbial language that he changes linguistically and thematically to insightful statements about the modern world.

16

Status of Precedent Units in the System of Intertextual Means of Contemporary Ukrainian Media Discourse

47%

Sakharuk I. V.

Jazykovedný Casopis

|

2015

|

vol. 66

|

issue 2

127-143

EN

The article is devoted to the determination of the status of precedent units (precedent names and expressions) in the system of intertextual means of contemporary Ukrainian media discourse. There was analyzed the phenomenon of intertextuality in the broad and narrow senses; the functions of precedent units that realize the main media discourse purpose of informing and influence were revealed. The analysis of the essence of precedence in linguistics gives grounds to distinguish three types of precedent phenomena: precedent texts, situations and personalities, as well as two types of precedent units: precedent names and expressions. The connection of precedent units and related concepts – winged words, aphorisms and idioms – was established. Based on a comparative analysis of the views of European and American scholars on the phenomena of intertextuality and precedence in linguistics there were singled out the means of direct and indirect appeal to prototext, which enroll the quotations and references, as well as the precedent units and allusions respectively.

17

Nieciągłość myślenia w filozofii Emila Ciorana

41%

Rura M.

Kultura i Wartości

|

2019

|

issue 27

DE

Im Artikel wird die Bedeutung interpretiert, die für Ciorans Auffassung der Philosophie die Diskontinuität spielt. Sie findet den vollkommensten Ausdruck in seiner Aphoristik. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet der Hinweis auf das Temperament als die Hauptquelle der Philosophie von Cioran. Die aus dem Temperament hergeleitete Philosophie kann nicht den Moment der Reflexion enthalten, der als Versuch verstanden wird, Distanz gegenüber der unmittelbar erlebter Wahrheit des Daseins zu gewinnen. In Anbetracht des sekundären Charakters der Sprache ist er zur unvollständigen Kommunikation verurteilt. Ciorans Philosophie bildet einen Kompromiss zwischen einem unmittelbaren Schrei, der sich nicht mitteilen lässt und dem entfremdeten Jargon der traditionellen Philosophie. Das diskontinuierliche Denken ohne feste Ordnung kümmert sich nicht um immanente Widersprüche und die Möglichkeit der Schlussfolgerung, sondern bildet quasi eine Verflechtung, die das Temperament des Denkers widerspiegelt. Das bedeutet jedoch kein vollkommenes Chaos, sondern eine Kommunikationsart, deren Hauptmassstäbe die dem Schrei entnommenen Unbestimmtheit und Zügellosigkeit sind.

EN

The paper is an interpretation of discontinuity as it is presented in Cioran’s aphoristic philosophy. The beginning of the analysis is an indication of the temperament as the main source of Cioran's philosophy. A philosophy derived from temperament cannot contain the moment of reflection understood as an attempt to distance oneself from the directly experienced truth of being. Due to the secondary character of the language, such philosophy is doomed to incomplete communication. Cioran's philosophy is therefore a compromise between direct but non-communicative scream and alienated jargon of traditional philosophy. Discontinuous thinking, devoid of rules, does not care about immanent contradictions and the possibility of interrupting inference, but rather is perceived as a kind of entanglement reflecting the temperament of the philosopher. This means the creation of method of communication whose main determinants are indeterminacy and uncontrollability.

PL

W artykule przedstawia się interpretację roli, jaką dla Cioranowskiego pojmowania filozofii spełnia nieciągłość znajdująca najpełniejszy wyraz w jego aforystyce. Punkt wyjścia stanowi wskazanie na temperament jako naczelne źródło filozofii Ciorana. Filozofia wywodzona z temperamentu nie może zawierać momentu refleksji rozumianego jako próba uzyskania dystansu względem bezpośrednio przeżywanej prawdy bycia. Z uwagi na wtórny charakter języka jest ona skazana na niepełną komunikowalność. Filozofia Ciorana stanowi zatem kompromis pomiędzy bezpośrednim a niekomunikowalnym „krzykiem” oraz wyobcowanym żargonem tradycyjnej filozofii. Myślenie nieciągłe, pozbawione reguł, nie troszczy się o immanentne sprzeczności oraz możliwość przerwania wnioskowania, lecz stanowi niejako splątanie odzwierciedlające temperament filozofa. Nie oznacza to całkowitego chaosu, lecz stworzenie sposobu komunikacji, którego głównymi wyznacznikami są zaczerpnięte z „krzyku” nieokreśloność i niepohamowanie.

18

Ludzkie charaktery i moralność w filozoficznej aforystyce Ibn Ḥazma

36%

Stefaniuk T. J.

Kultura i Wartości

|

2020

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issue 30

DE

Der Artikel setzt sich zum Ziel, die im Traktat Al-Aẖlāq wa-ʾl-Siyar von Ibn Hazm dargestellte Philosophie zu untersuchen. Der Autor äußert sich in dieser Schrift über die Fragen der Freundschaft, Liebe, der zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen in der Gesellschaft, über die Komplexität der menschlichen Charaktere und die Vielfalt der Lebenshaltungen. Jedoch die wichtigste der behandelten Fragen ist der Sinn und die Bedeutung des menschlichen Lebens. Der arabische Philosoph nimmt Stellung zu allen diesen Fragen als Rationalist, obwohl er letztendlich einen klar religiös orientierten Standpunkt repräsentiert. Seine ethischen Anschauungen und seine Moralistik sind nicht nur in der religiösen (muslimischen) Tradition verwurzelt, sondern auch in der Tradition der klassischen Philosophie, wobei sie besonders stark mit der Ethik der Stoiker und von Aristoteles übereinstimmen.

EN

The author analyzes the philosophical thoughts outlined by Ibn Ḥazm in his Al-Aẖlāq wa-ʾl-Siyar treatise. Apart from friendship, love, social relationships, the complexity of human characters and the diversity of life attitudes, the one issue discussed in the treatise first and foremost is the meaning and significance of human life. The Arab philosopher refers to all these issues as a rationalist despite ultimately presenting a clearly religious-oriented position. His ethical views are rooted not only in a religious (Muslim) tradition, but also in that of classical philosophy, reflecting a particularly strong convergence with the ethics of the Stoics and Aristotle.

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza filozofii zaprezentowanej w traktacie Al-Aẖlāq wa-ʾl-Siyar Ibn Ḥazma. W pracy tej jej autor omawia między innymi takie kwestie jak przyjaźń, miłość, relacje między ludźmi w społeczeństwie, złożoność ludzkich charakterów czy różnorodność postaw życiowych; najważniejszą z podjętych tam kwestii jest jednak sens i znaczenie życia człowieka. Do wszystkich tych zagadnień, mimo prezentowania ostatecznie stanowiska wyraźnie religijnie zorientowanego, arabski filozof odnosi się jako racjonalista. Jego poglądy etyczne i moralistyka zakorzenione są nie tylko w tradycji religijnej (muzułmańskiej), lecz również w tradycji filozofii klasycznej, wykazując szczególnie silną zbieżność z etyką stoików i Arystotelesa.

19

Афарызм і малыя тэкставыя формы: суадноснае і агульнае (на матэрыяле беларускай, рускай, польскай, англійскай моў)

36%

Glukhanko L., Ivanov E.

Językoznawstwo

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2021

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vol. 15

123-146

PL

W artykule omówiono stosunek aforyzmów i innych małych form tekstowych na materiale literackim i folklorystycznym w języku białoruskim, rosyjskim, polskim i angielskim. Określono miejsce aforyzmów w ogólnych klasyfikacjach małych form tekstowych, wzajemnych relacji aforyzmów i powiedzeń literackich, przysłów, tekstów jednozdaniowych, fraz stereotypowych, narodowych odmian dzieł literackich i małych gatunków folklorystycznych. Aforyzmy są przeciwstawiane wszelkim innym małym formom tekstowym jako szczególny rodzaj jednostek frazowych w oparciu o ich dwie cechy obligatoryjne – uogólnienie treści i autonomię dyskursywną.

EN

The article discusses aphorisms and other small text forms in literary and folklore material in Belarusian, Russian, Polish and English. The place of aphorisms in the general classifications of small text forms, the relationship of aphorisms and literary sayings, proverbs, one-phrase texts, clichéd phrases, national varieties of literary and folklore works of small genres is determined. Aphorisms are contrasted with all other small text forms as a special type of phrasal unit on the basis of two of their obligatory features – the generalization of meaning and discursive autonomy.

BE

У артыкуле разглядаюцца суадносіны афарызма і іншых малых тэкставых форм на літаратурным і фальклорным матэрыяле ў беларускай, рускай, польскай і англійскай мовах. Вызначаецца месца афарызма ў агульных класіфікацыях малых тэкставых форм, узаемаадносіны афарызмаў і літаратурных выслоўяў, прыказак, аднафразавых тэкстаў, клішыраваных фраз, нацыянальных разнавіднасцей літаратурных і фальклорных твораў малых жанраў. Афарызмы супрацьпастаўляюцца ўсім іншым малым тэкставым формам як асобны тып фразавых адзінак на падставе дзвюх сваіх аблігаторных прымет – абагульненасці зместу і дыскурсіўнай самастойнасці.

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