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1
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Further open problems in cooperative games

100%
FRAGNELLI V., GAMBARELLI G.
Operations Research and Decisions
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2014
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vol. 24
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issue 4
51-62
EN
In 2013, the International Game Theory Review published two special issues on open problems in cooperative games: the first regarding theory and the second applications. In this paper, our aim is to present some problems currently “on our table” that were not included in the two issues mentioned above, either because the topics were too specific or they arose after publication. The problems are divided into theoretical problems, general models that may be applied to different fields and applicative problems.
2
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Type II Topp-Leone Frechet distribution: properties and applications

100%
Shanker R., Rahman U. H.
Statistics in Transition new series
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2021
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vol. 22
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issue 4
139-152
EN
The paper focuses on type II Topp-Leone Frechet distribution. Its properties including hazard rate function, reverse hazard rate function, Mills ratio, quantile function and order statistics have been studied. The maximum likelihood estimation used for estimating the parameters of the proposed distribution has been explained and expressions for the Fisher information matrix and confidence intervals have been provided. The paper discusses the applications of the distribution for modeling several datasets relating to temperature. Finally, the goodness of fit of the proposed distribution has been compared with that of the Frechet distribution.
3
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Mapping and Visualization of a Research Network: Case Study

100%
SMYRNOVA-TRYBULSKA E., MORZE N., KUZMINSKA O.
Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 1
327-332
EN
The article focuses on trends and methods as well as tools used for mapping and visualization of scientific domains as a research methodology which is attracting more and more interest from scientific information and science studies professionals; several factors which have contributed to such developments are also discussed. Science mapping or bibliometric mapping is a spatial repre-sentation of how disciplines, fields, specialties, and individual documents or authors are related to one another (Small, 1999). Different approaches have been developed to extract networks using the selected units of analysis (authors, documents, journals, terms, etc.). Furthermore, the authors looks at the most popular computer programs used for the processing of bibliographic and biblio-metric data.. In addition, plans and activities are presented concerning a comprehensive analysis of IRNet project (www.irnet.us.edu.pl) networking activities and numerous publications, using spe-cial ICT tools and study methods, first of all Pajek and presenting a several examples.
4
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Cyanobacteria and cyanometabolites used in the pharmaceutical and medical industry

88%
Śliwińska-Wilczewska S.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
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2019
180-190
EN
Związki bioaktywne sinic wykazują różnorodne właściwości, które potencjalnie mogą być wykorzystane w wielu sektorach przemysłu. W artykule tym szczególny nacisk położono na wykorzystanie sinic i ich cyjanometabolitów, zarówno w przemyśle farmaceutycznym, jak i medycznym. Scharakteryzowano związki wyizolowane ze szczepów sinic, które można stosować do wytwarzania leków o działaniu przeciwwirusowym, przeciwgrzybiczym, przeciwnowotworowym, przeciwdrobnoustrojowym oraz przeciwbakteryjnym. Pokazano również pozytywne aspekty hodowli sinic i możliwości ich komercyjnego wykorzystania.
5
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THE ELECTRONIC COMMERCE USE BY SENIORS (PEOPLE 55+) IN POLAND

75%
Bajdor P., Tabor J.
Information Systems in Management
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2016
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vol. 5
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issue 4
451-462
EN
This article presents the results of a research conducted among persons 55+, according their use of the Internet. The main aim of the article was to answer whether and to what extent, people 55+ benefit from the electronic commerce (e-commerce). What they usually buy, and for what purpose. In addition to online shopping, the selected group has been also asked about other Internet tools and applications used by them. At the end of the article, we have also asked about the problems and barriers encountered during Internet shopping.
6
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[recenzja] Sebastian Dawid Kotuła: Wstęp do open source, Warszawa 2014

75%
Jarocki M.
Toruńskie Studia Bibliologiczne
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2015
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vol. 8
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issue 2(15)
208-211
PL
Recenzja książki omawiającej jeden z prężniej rozwijanych i rozwijających się sektorów w branży IT – open source. Praca napisana została przez humanistę – bibliologa i informatologa – z myślą o/i z przeznaczeniem dla humanistów i bibliotekarzy, zwłaszcza tych o zainteresowaniach informatycznych i informatologicznych.
EN
The book review discusses one of the most dynamically developing sectors in the IT industry – open source. The work was written by a humanist – bibliologist and information specialist – designed and intended for humanists and librarians, especially those with interests in information technology and information problems.
7
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Sprzeczność … i co dalej?

63%
Hertrich-Woleński J.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2015
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vol. 51
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issue 3(205)
217-228
PL
Artykuł dyskutuje możliwe postępowanie w sytuacji, gdy jakaś teoria okazuje się sprzeczna, a więc, gdy naruszona jest zasada sprzeczności, będąca jednym z tzw. najwyższych praw myślenia i równocześnie standardem racjonalności. W przypadku teorii matematycznych sprzeczność dyskwalifi kuje daną teorię i powoduje konieczność jej odrzucenia lub zmiany. Sytuacja w teoria empirycznych jest bardziej skomplikowana. Historia nauki dokumentuje, że teorie sprzeczne skutecznie pełniły swoją rolę. Jest tak dlatego, że sprzeczność może być izolowana i niejako pomijana. Niemniej jednak, tendencja do poprawy sprzecznej teorii jest naturalna także w przypadku teorii empirycznych.
EN
The paper discusses a possible procedure in the case if a given theory appears to be inconsistent. It is just the case in which the principle of contradiction, as one of the so-called the highest rules of thinking and simultaneously a standard of rationality, is not obeyed. In the case of mathematical theories, contradictions disqualify a given theory and result in the necessity of their rejection or change. The problem of inconsistency of empirical theories is more complicated. The history of science provides an evidence that contradictory theories effectively play their role. It is because contradictions can be isolated and ignored to some extent. On the other hand, the tendency to improve an inconsistent theory is natural also in the case of empirical theories.
8
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Legal Education System in Germany

63%
Pankowska-Lier B.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
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2017
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vol. 26
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issue 4
EN
In the article there is described the legal education system in Germany. The aim of this article is to bring this system closer to the students and to the practitioners. The focus was mainly on the description of university education, state exams, applications, grading scale. There is discussed the method of solving the cases and the check of claim verification. The article describes legal professions in Germany and conditions that must be fulfilled in order to practice a given legal profession. Attention was also paid to postgraduate studies LLM at German universities. Legal education should combine the elements of theoretical knowledge with the practical application of acquired knowledge in practice. Legal education in Germany very well combines these two elements. The article was created in connection with a series of lectures for Ukrainian students at the Taras Shevchenko National University in Kiev in Ukraine.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest systemowi wykształcenia prawniczego w Niemczech. Celem jest przybliżenie tego systemu studentom i praktykom. Rozważania skoncentrowano przede wszystkim na opisie wykształcenia uniwersyteckiego, egzaminów państwowych, aplikacji, skali ocen. Omówiono metodykę rozwiązywania kazusów i kolejność sprawdzania roszczeń. Ponadto opisano zawody prawnicze i warunki, które należy spełnić, aby wykonywać dany zawód prawniczy. Zwrócono także uwagę na studia podyplomowe LLM na niemieckich uniwersytetach. Wykształcenie prawnicze powinno łączyć ze sobą elementy wykształcenia teoretycznego z praktycznym zastosowaniem nabytej wiedzy. W Niemczech w wykształceniu uniwersyteckim i praktycznym bardzo dobrze połączone są ze sobą te dwa elementy. Artykuł powstał w związku z serią wykładów dla ukraińskich studentów na Narodowym Uniwersytecie im. Tarasa Szewczenki w Kijowie na Ukrainie.
9
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Programy komputerowe i aplikacje na elektroniczne urządzenia mobilne wspomagające terapię osób z afazją – przegląd literatury anglojęzycznej

63%
Ryś E., Szlachcic K., Klimek M., Galbarczyk A.
Logopedia
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2016
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vol. 45
291-304
PL
Celem pracy była prezentacja używanych do tej pory i opisanych w anglojęzycznej literaturze programów komputerowych i aplikacji wykorzystywanych w diagnostyce, leczeniu, rehabilitacji i codziennym funkcjonowaniu osób dotkniętych afazją. W tym celu przeszukano następujące bazy danych: Access Medicine, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, Health Source – Consumer Edition, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE – PubMed, The Cochrane Library, SAGE Premier, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library. W wyniku przeszukania otrzymano 49 artykułów, z których w niniejszej pracy opisano 27 publikacji. Głównym kryterium doboru było to, czy publikacja opisuje działanie i wykorzystanie konkretnego programu komputerowego czy aplikacji na urządzenia mobilne. Z badań wynika, że terapia wspomagana komputerowo jest skuteczna przy przywracaniu zdolności komunikacyjnych i umiejętności językowych u chorych z afazją, ale efekty zależą przede wszystkim od indywidualnego traktowania użytkownika.
EN
This paper presents the results of literature searching. The subject of the review is the role of computer technology in aphasia rehabilitation. Numerous computer applications have been developed specifically for aphasia rehabilitation. Materials and methods: Searches of publications concerning computerized aphasia treatment and rehabilitation were conducted using the following databases: Access Medicine, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, Health Source – Consumer Edition, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE – PubMed, The Cochrane Library, SAGE Premier, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library. 27 out of 49 sourced articles, were included in the results. The main criteria was descriptions of mobile technology use by patients with aphasia, physicians, speech therapists, and family caregivers. Conclusions: Computer programs and applications for mobile devices can be beneficial as they provide important support during the rehabilitation process. In the near future, interactive communicative training may become the excellent opportunity to improve social participation for people with aphasia.
10
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Logika chronologiczna i jej zastosowania w analizie niektórych rozumowań prawniczych

63%
Kozanecka-Dymek A.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
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2014
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issue 26
21 - 42
EN
The article is devoted to chronological logic and its applications in the analysis of legal reasoning. In Part I of the paper, there is given that time plays an important role in statutory law, in language of the law and in legal language appear many time expressions, and formal logic provides tools to logical analysis of reasoning performed in everyday discourse and in various sciences, also in legal discourse and in legal sciences. There are presented also conditions that temporal systems should satisfy to be used in an analysis of legal reasoning. In Part II of the paper, the origins and the profile of chronological logic are presented. Part III, the last part of the article, presents examples of formalization of some sentences of legal language containing at the time phrase, and of legal reasoning composed of such sentences, by means of symbols occurring in chronological logic. The position presented in the article says that some temporal logic could be used in a logical analysis such legal reasoning that would contain references to time. The main task of chronological logic would be then providing formal language to more precise express statements of legal language containing given time expression (exactly at the time phrase) and to model legal reasoning containing such expression; and also giving tools to evaluate formal correctness of these inferences.
11
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Ozdoby stroju wykonane z paciorków w kulturze wielbarskiej

63%
Żyto K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
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2018
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issue 33
75-92
EN
The main purpose of the article is to present various forms of costume decoration in Wielbark culture. The analysis was based on well-known burials with an intact arrangement of monuments in the burial cavern. On this basis, decorations made of beads were highlighted. In addition to the necklaces that adorned the area of the neck and chest, vertical compositions are particularly noteworthy, in which the beads were discovered in a line from the level of the neck to the waist level. In addition, beads were used to trim robes in the form of applications. Another type are beads decorating belt and sachets or purses.
PL
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12
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Logika miejsca i jej zastosowania w analizie niektórych rozumowań prawniczych

51%
Kozanecka-Dymek A.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
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2016
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vol. 33
51-68
EN
The subject of the consideration contained in the article is topological logic interpreted as place logic and its possible applications in a logical analysis of legal reasoning. The first part of the article is about significance of widely understood spatial element in a law and about a role of formal logic in legal sciences (especially in dogmatic of law) and in legal discourse. There are also given conditions imposed on logical systems which can be applied to analyse legal reasoning. In the second part there is characterization of topological logic interpreted as place logic. In the third part there are examples of formalization of sentences of legal language and of legal inferences using symbols occurring in place logic. In the article there is shown that such kind of logic can be applied to logical analysis some reasoning conducted in legal language, specifically such reasoning in which there appear sentences including, in an explicit or a hidden way, phrase “in place”, that is, information about that, where certain events are realized.
13
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Znaczenie pojęcia odrzucania we współczesnej logice

45%
Rożko K.
Diametros
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2014
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issue 41
115-126
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest pokazanie, jak pojęcie odrzucania zmieniało się na gruncie logiki w ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat. Idea odrzucania była znana już Arystotelesowi, ale do logi-ki formalnej zastała wprowadzona przez Jana Łukasiewicza. Następnie pojęcie to było wnikliwie analizowane przez polskich logików skoncentrowanych wokół Jerzego Słupeckiego. W ostatnim czasie ukazało się kilka interesujących artykułów, które rzucają nowe światło na tę problematykę. W tym artykule zarysowana zostanie historia pojęcia odrzucania oraz pokazane zostaną nowe zastosowania systemów odrzucania zarówno na gruncie teoretycznym, jak i praktycznym.
EN
The main aim of this article is to show how the notion of refutation has been changing in logic for the last few years. The idea of refutation was known to Aristotle, but the formal concept was introduced by Jan Łukasiewicz. Afterwards this notion was investigated by the Polish group of logicians headed by Jerzy Słupecki. Several interesting articles about refutation have appeared in the last years. In this article, I present in outline the history of the notion of refutation and I discuss recent applications of refutation systems both in the theoretical and practical approach.
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