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On the phonetic instability of the Polish rhotic /r/

100%
Jaworski S., Gillian E.
Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics
|
2011
|
vol. 47
380
EN
Even though rhotics are very common sounds in the languages of the world, there is a consensus in the literature that they are articulatorily complex. Not only do they tend to be acquired at the last stages of the acquisition period, but also their distribution is usually constrained (cf. Ladefoged and Maddieson 1996; Żygis 2005). As a consequence of being complex, rhotics manifest a strong susceptibility to phonetic change. The present paper reports the results of an experiment that aimed at describing various physical realisations of the Polish phoneme /r/ placed in intervocalic position. The data presented in the article show that in this position speakers do not articulate a tap, but in most cases they produce either a fricative or an approximant. In the light of the data, high vowels constitute an environment that is more conducive to this sort of reduction than mid or low vowels.
2

Pozycje nuklearne i peryferyjne a interpretacja fonologiczna aproksymantów [j] i [w] w języku polskim

72%
Wągiel M.
Język Polski
|
2016
|
vol. 96
|
issue 1
68-79
PL
Artykuł poświęcony został interpretacji fonologicznej polskich aproksymantów [j] i [w] w ujęciu funkcjonalizmu aksjomatycznego (FA). W tekście wprowadzono pojęcia pozycji nuklearnej i peryferyjnej oraz omówiono analizę aproksymantów w ramach FA w języku francuskim i czeskim. W świetle przedstawionej argumentacji interpretacja [j] i [w] jako alofonów /i/ i /u/ w pozycjach peryferyjnych jest zarówno adekwatna, jak i ekonomiczna. Propozycja ta prowadzi do konieczności wprowadzenia nowej klasy fonemów, mianowicie klasy fonemów semiwokalicznych, niemniej całkowita liczba fonemów koniecznych do interpretacji polskiego materiału fonetycznego zostaje zredukowana, co stanowi wyraźną zaletę przedstawionej analizy.
EN
In this paper the author focuses on the phonological interpretation of Polish approximants [j] and [w] within the framework of Axiomatic Functionalism (AF). Notions of a nuclear and peripheral position are introduced and the treatment of approximants in AF in French and Czech is reviewed. It is argued that it is both appropriate and economical to interpret [j] and [w], respectively, as allophones of /i/ and /u/ in peripheral positions. The proposal leads to the necessity of establishing a new class of phonemes, namely the class of semi-vowels, however, the total number of phonemes required to interpret Polish data is reduced which is a significant advantage of the proposed analysis.
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