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Raport z oznaczania zwęglonych nasion, owoców i węgli drzewnych ze stanowiska grupy tarnobrzeskiej kultury łużyckiej w Grabowcu, stan. 1, gm. Radymno, woj. podkarpackie

100%

Stachowicz-Rybka R., Moskal-del Hoyo M., Tomczyńska Z., Lityńska-Zając M.

Raport

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2014

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vol. 9

151-164

EN

The presented article contains the results of macroscopic analysis of plant remains (fruit, seeds and wood), deposited on the site of the Tarnobrzeg group of the Lusatian culture in Grabowiec, site 1/50/105-85 AZP, commune Radymno. All the discussed pieces remained in a burnt condition. They represented few residues of Einkorn wheat cereals Triticum monococcum, spelt Triticum spelta and proso millet Panicum miliaceum. In the group of wild herbal species there was recorded the presence of plants related today with arable fields (Bromus secalinus, Thlaspi arvense and Galium spurium) or field and ruderal habitats (Chenopodium album). The most strongly represented were the remains of trees and shrubs. On their basis Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus sylvestris, Acer, Alnus, Betula, Quercus and Ulmus were marked. The composition of the anthracologic spectrum suggests that in the neighbourhood of the site forests in the type of today’s broadleaved forest developed (oak, hornbeam involving maple and lime) and riparian forests (ash and alder).

2

Badania archeologiczne w kościele pw. Imienia Najświętszej Marii Panny w Szczuczynie – sezon 2020

100%

Michalik J.

Raport

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2020

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vol. 15

219-227

EN

The article describes the archaeological works carried out in February 2020 in the crypts of the church of the Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Szczuczyn (Podlaskie Voivodeship). Works in the crypts in Szczuczyn had been carried out since 2013, however in this case the main aim of the work was to collect botanical samples to analyse the vegetation that was used in the early modern funeral rite. An important element during the work was the proper selection of places from which botanical samples were to be taken, as well as marking the samples and their further segregation. To this end, it was decided to prepare a common sampling system for all the burials.

3

To Dye or Not to Dye: Bioarchaeological Studies of Hala Sultan Tekke Site, Cyprus

100%

Kofel D.

Światowit

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2017

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vol. 56(1)

89-98

EN

Dated to the Late Bronze Age (Late Cypriot II: 1450–1200 BC and Late Cypriot III: 1200–1050 BC), the site of Hala Sultan Tekke brought to light interesting evidence of textile production and possible fabric dyeing. Finds of loom weights and spindle whorls together with remains of dyer’s croton (Chrozophora tinctoria), field gromwell (Buglossoides arvensis syn. Lithospermum arvense), and shells of murex allow opening a discussion over the methods and reasons for undertaking the time and cost-consuming procedure of dye production. The present article, through an examination of finds and an analysis of plant macrofossils and molluscs, tests a hypothesis of textile dyeing at the Late Cypriot city of Dromolaxia Vizatzia.

4

Early copper age settlement with evidence of copper smelting metallurgy from Horná Mičiná (Central Slovakia)

75%

Zachar T., Bartík J., Struhár V., Ozdín D., Pašteka R., Nývltová Fišáková M., David W.

Zborník Slovenského národného múzea Archeológia

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2023

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issue 117

7-24

EN

The presented paper shows the preliminary results of an archaeological and geophysical survey carried out in Horná Mičiná – Hájny diel (Central Slovakia). The site documents prehistoric settlement and is located outside the primarily agricultural area of the Zvolen basin. The magnetometric survey showed the existence of positive anomalies, suggesting the presence of settlement structures. The archaeological research revealed the existence of a settlement feature and a furnace pit. Elemental and mineralogical analyses witness the exploitation of local copper ores. On the basis of 14C analysis, the settlement can be dated to early Eneolithic period. Further knowledge about the settlement is provided by archaeobotanical and osteological analyses.

5

Farming and stock-breeding in the La Tène culture communities in Poland

75%

Dulęba P., Abłamowicz R., Sady-Bugajska A., Soida J.

Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

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2021

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vol. LVI

257-308

EN

In this article, the basic information on the research on the economy of the La Tène culture communities living in the southern part of Poland in the early and middle La Tène period is presented. The analysis of natural data shows that the local economy of the Celtic settlers from Silesia and Lesser Poland did not differ in quality from that of their countrymen from the area south of the Carpathians and the Sudetes. Agriculture was based on the cultivation of cereals, among which different varieties of wheat dominated with a relatively small share of barley and common millet. Contrary to earlier opinions, rye and oat cultivation was not widespread. In typical rural settlements, cattle farming was by far the dominant activity. Breeding swine and small ruminants were in the second position, but the proportion between these species varied from region to region. The very small proportion of wild animal bones known from the surveyed settlements indicates an advanced process of deforestation of the inhabited area and well-developed domestic animal husbandry.

6

Pielgrzymowice – A Przeworsk culture iron smelting site from the Roman period in Silesia

75%

Lehnhardt E., Błażejewski A., Madera P., Meister J.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2019

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vol. 67

177-230

EN

In 2013 and 2014 fieldwork was carried out in the Widawa valley near Namysłów (Opole voivodeship) to investigate sites with iron smelting slag assumed to belong to Przeworsk culture. It was supposed that these surface sites dated back to the late pre-Roman Iron Age (phases A1–A3) and thus belonged to the earliest Przeworsk culture. To verify this chronological classification, we conducted surveys at various sites and investigated the structure of iron smelting and especially its chronological position at the Pielgrzymowice site (municipality Wilków) by trial trenching. This paper presents the results of geophysical and archaeological as well as archaeobotanical investigations. Our studies in Pielgrzymowice show that iron smelting was carried out during the middle to late Roman period and under no circumstances during the late pre- Roman period. This unambiguous result is based on radiocarbon data from the lowest charcoal layer of a furnace and is supported by further absolute data from features in the surrounding area. The furnaces are those with a ‘very big’ slag pit, which are typical for the Roman period in Silesia and are themselves a relative means for chronological classification.

7

Badania archeobotaniczne na wielokulturowym stanowisku 2 w Zagórzu, gm. Niepołomice, woj. małopolskie

75%

Lityńska-Zając M., Cywa K., Tomczyńska Z., Wasylikowa K., Madeyska E., Koziarska A.

Raport

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2015

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vol. 10

161-186

EN

Plant remains collected on the multicultural archaeological site 2 at Zagórze, originated from features of the Linear Pottery, Lengyel and Malice Cultures dated to the Neolithic, the Lusatian Culture from the III or IV period of the Bronze Age, the Tyniec Culture from the La Tène period, and the Puchov Culture from the Roman period. For several features chronology and/or culture were not recognized. The recovered material included charred and uncharred fruits/seeds, wood charcoal and rare impressions in daub. Uncharred diaspores were considered intrusions from younger layers and were ignored in the interpretation of the results. The results obtained for features from different time were of uneven value. Plant remains found in the Linear Pottery culture features included single grains of barley, emmer wheat, bread wheat, and rye and numerous grains of common millet. Wild herbs (about 17 species) belonged to field and ruderal weeds. Anthracological spectrum was dominated by oak and pine, birch, alder, and hazel were relatively frequent, while hornbeam, fir, beech and maple were represented by single specimens. Possible contamination of the samples by the younger intrusions including bread wheat, rye, and common millet as well as hornbeam and beech was discussed. Plant material recovered from features of the early phase of the Lusatian culture dated to the Bronze Age (Table 5) was of special interest because hitherto only very scanty archaeobotanical data were available for that period in Poland. Among the cereals, common millet grains were the most abundant, single grains belonged to barley, emmer and bread wheat. Millet was often found in large quantities on the Lusatian culture sites dated to the Hallstatt period, the now available data support the view that the spread of millet cultivation began already in the Bronze Age and this species became one of the most important cereals at the transition to the Iron Age. The richest plant material was found in the Puchov culture features dated to the Roman Period. People of this culture cultivated different cereals, among which millet and emmer were the most common, less abundant were barley, rye, bread wheat, oat, and spelt wheat.

8

Plant Identification and Significance in Funeral Traditions Exemplified by Pillow Filling from a Child Crypt Burial in Byszewo (18th/19th centuries)

75%

Jarosińska M., Nowak S., Noryśkiewicz A. M., Badura M.

Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

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2019

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vol. 14

187–197

EN

Plants have always played an important role in funeral customs. To understand their true meaning, close cooperation between the archaeologist and the archaeobotanist is needed, not only during the final interpretation, but from the very beginning, at the stage of collecting materials. In the article, plants’ identification, using both pollen and macroremainsanalysis, was described, based on one of the children’s burial from the Holy Trinity Church in Byszewo (18th/19th centuries). The filling of the coffin pillow consisted of numerous hop (Humulus lupulus) macroremains, the representation of which was very low in pollen sample. This is due to the fact that only female specimens of hop were inserted into the coffin. To determine the reason for using hops in funeral practices in Byszewo, ethnobotanical data was used. The following research indicates the need for the cooperation between two methods of plant identification. It will allow misinterpretations of botanical findings to be avoided

9

Plant remains from Jiyeh/Porphyreon, Lebanon (seasons 2009–2014): preliminary results of archaeobotanical analysis and implications for future research

63%

Badura M., Rzeźnicka E., Wicenciak U., Waliszewski T.

Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean

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2016

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vol. 25

487-510

EN

The seaside settlement of Jiyeh in Lebanon, now identified with the ancient Porphyreon, boasts a history dating back to the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age when Phoenicia occupied part of the Levantine coast (eastern Mediterranean). Extensive archaeological excavations by a team from the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of Warsaw have focused on the urban residential quarter, which consists of numerous houses and buildings separated by passages, containing material that has provided important insights into the lives of its inhabitants over time. However, as archaeobotanical studies had not been conducted there before, the question of plant use remains an important and largely unknown area of research. This article presents the first botanical results from Jiyeh (seasons 2009–2014) and considers their implications for future cooperation between archaeologists and natural scientists.

10

Thirty Years of Interdisciplinary Research at the Site of Pistiros

63%

Parvoničová L., Bouzek J.

Studia Hercynia

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2017

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vol. 21

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issue 2

27-29

EN

The Thracian land was a very attractive place for the ancient Greeks and their economic expansion. At the end of the 5th century BC, the Greek inland emporion, known as Pistiros, was founded on the upper Maritsa River in inner Thrace, today south‑central Bulgaria. More than twenty‑five years of successful international cooperation of archaeology with environmental sciences has revealed the existence of a very important commercial centre with connections in the Thracian and the Aegean regions. The study summarizes the current state of research on the urbanized settlement and the river port. The environmental investigation, including the combined archaeobotanical and chemical analyses of organic residues in ceramics assessed here, as well as geomorphological research, contribute to a better understanding of the socio‑economic development of this unique archaeological site in Thrace.

11

Vitis vini fera sylvestris i vitis vinifera sativa. Udomowienie i upowszechnienie się uprawy winorośli w starym świecie na podstawie badań archeologicznych i paleobotanicznych

63%

Góralczyk A.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2016

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vol. 21

123-148

PL

This paper looks at the domestication and spread of viticulture in the Old World and shows how useful is botanical research on the contemporary species of wild and cultivated vine for archaeology the paper presents the objectives and possibilities of archaeobotanical research.

12

Studium současné vegetace v Súdánu jako důležitý nástroj pro interpretaci archeobotanických výzkumů v severovýchodní Africe

45%

Pokorná A., Kuncová K.

Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)

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2015

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issue 14

94-103

EN

Attempts at reconstructing past environments are an important part of archaeobotanical investigations. However, any interpretation of archaeobotanical data must be, among other things, based on a detailed knowledge of species behaviour in recent vegetation. To meet this requirement, we studied vegetation in the area surrounding archaeological excavations in the western part of Jebel Sabaloka, near the 6th Nile Cataract in the Sudan, based on sample-plots (relevés) in different habitats covering a gradient from dry rocks to the irrigated alluvial plain of the River Nile. The species composition variability clearly corresponds with the environmental gradient of water availability. In addition to that, the vegetation of the irrigated alluvial plain shows a clear difference in the management of the plots (fields versus scrubby edges). Plant species with a narrow niche were selected as potential diagnostic species for certain habitats, in contrast to species with a broad niche. However, we need to be cautious in making generalizations about this finding. Especially for reconstructing the remote past, the knowledge of the local environment would be insufficient. It is generally known that the Holocene climate differed distinctively from that of today. In reconstructing the older phases of the Holocene, it is necessary to investigate recent vegetation in areas situated much further to the south.

13

Raně postmerojský pohřeb lučištníka z pohoří Sabaloka

45%

Varadzinová Suková L., Varadzin L., Havelková P., Novák J., Pokorná A., Pokorný P.

Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)

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2015

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issue 14

72-77

EN

In 2011, the expedition of the Czech Institute of Egyptology (Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague) excavated one of three tumuli on one of the settlement terraces at the late prehistoric site of Fox Hill (SBK.W-21) at Jebel Sabaloka and the Sixth Nile Cataract in central Sudan. The excavation brought to light a standard burial of an archer dated to the early post-Meroitic period with important series of archaeobotanical (pollen, macro-remains, charcoal) and palaeomalacological (land snails) data. The results of the multi-disci - plinary investigation of the tumulus discuss ed in this paper illustrate the marked, but so far only little exploited potential of these monuments, omnipresent in the archaeological land - scapes of central Sudan, for extending our knowledge of not only the burial rites, but also of the supra-regional distribution of artefacts, the character of the environment and, last but not least, of subsistence strategies in this particular period.

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Raport z oznaczania zwęglonych nasion, owoców i węgli drzewnych ze stanowiska grupy tarnobrzeskiej kultury łużyckiej w Grabowcu, stan. 1, gm. Radymno, woj. podkarpackie

Badania archeologiczne w kościele pw. Imienia Najświętszej Marii Panny w Szczuczynie – sezon 2020

To Dye or Not to Dye: Bioarchaeological Studies of Hala Sultan Tekke Site, Cyprus

Early copper age settlement with evidence of copper smelting metallurgy from Horná Mičiná (Central Slovakia)

Farming and stock-breeding in the La Tène culture communities in Poland

Pielgrzymowice – A Przeworsk culture iron smelting site from the Roman period in Silesia

Badania archeobotaniczne na wielokulturowym stanowisku 2 w Zagórzu, gm. Niepołomice, woj. małopolskie

Plant Identification and Significance in Funeral Traditions Exemplified by Pillow Filling from a Child Crypt Burial in Byszewo (18th/19th centuries)

Plant remains from Jiyeh/Porphyreon, Lebanon (seasons 2009–2014): preliminary results of archaeobotanical analysis and implications for future research

Thirty Years of Interdisciplinary Research at the Site of Pistiros

Vitis vini fera sylvestris i vitis vinifera sativa. Udomowienie i upowszechnienie się uprawy winorośli w starym świecie na podstawie badań archeologicznych i paleobotanicznych

Studium současné vegetace v Súdánu jako důležitý nástroj pro interpretaci archeobotanických výzkumů v severovýchodní Africe

Raně postmerojský pohřeb lučištníka z pohoří Sabaloka