Search results

1

Arm action in hurdle clearance in groups of different ages and sport skills

100%

Hyjek-Młynarczyk K., Iskra J., Piechota K.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

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2020

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vol. 9

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issue 16

37-47

EN

One of the key factors for improving hurdle performance is the development of advanced athletic technique, analysis of which is vital in monitoring the training process. The current discussion on hurdling technique, however, seems to overlook the aspect of the movements of the upper limbs in hurdle races. The aim of this study was the qualitative assessment of the upper limb movement in the hurdle step. This study involved three research groups: children, physical education students and hurdle race runners. A questionnaire designed by the authors was used to qualitatively evaluate the technique of clearing the third hurdle (obstacle), taking into account three moments in clearing the hurdle, i.e. the take-off, the over-the-hurdle position and landing. A video footage was captured using three synchronized cameras which recorded a 1920x1080 resolution video at 50 Hz. The results showed statistically significant differences for most of the variables considered. Among all three groups tested, significant differences were noted for flexion at the elbow joint and for movement at the shoulder joint.

2

ВПЛИВ ФІЗИЧНОГО НАВАНТАЖЕННЯ РІЗНОЇ СПРЯМОВАНОСТІ НА ФІЗИЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ЛЕГКОАТЛЕТІВ І БОРЦІВ

88%

Тетяна К.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2017

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issue 4(68)

123-142

EN

The article is devoted to studies of the influence of physical training of different orientation on the physical development of athletes and wrestlers, which were related by age. With the help of anthropometric methods of research, it was found out that the indicators of body weight and body height were significantly higher in the group of wrestlers, but a year later they increased more significantly in the group of athletes. The volumetric parameters of the chest, except the rostrum of the chest, changed more during the year in the group of wrestlers. Higher values of indices of physical development and more pronounced dynamics of these indices during the year of playing sports in the group of wrestlers indicates a trend to strengthening their body constitution the influence of physical training aimed at the development of strength. In аthletes were identified low indices of physical development, which indicates a harmonious influence of the load orientation on the development of endurance, on the somatotype. The revealed directions of changes in the anthropometric indicators towards a more еxpressed increase in the transverse dimensions of the body of athletes who were engaged in freestyle wrestling and the longitudinal dimensions of the body of athletes engaged in athletics indicate the formation of the appropriate somatotype, which is favorable for the development of aerobic endurance in athletes and postural stability control рosture in wrestlers and, as a result, determines the sporting result. Thus, the revealed features of the dynamics of indicators of anthropometric parameters of the physical development of athletes of different sports specialization can be considered as a manifestation of the adaptation of the organism of athletes and wrestlers to a specific physical load. The results of the study of the dynamics of the morphological parameters of the physical development of athletes under the influence of physical load are of practical importance in coaching activities for increasing the efficiency of planning of the training and competition cycles in order to obtain high sports results and prevent injuries, states of overtraining and pathological conditions in athletes. In further studies, it is planned to determine the level of functional status and adaptation of the cardiovascular system of athletes of different specializations to aerobic and strength loads and a correlation analysis of the links between the level of the adaptive potential of the circulatory system and the level of sports results.

3

Charakterystyka rodzaju i częstotliwości występowania urazów u zawodników trenujących biegi krótkie

75%

Brzozowska E.

Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu

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2013

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issue 43

66-72

EN

Background. Today’s sport training resembles balancing on the edge between achieving high effort capacity and overtraining. Such overtraining may result in injuries of athletes’ motor system. The aim of the study was to characterize possible injuries occurring in athletes who practice short runs and to describe how these injuries are treated. Materials and methods. The study comprised 113 professional athletes (101 women and 53 men) practicing short runs. Mean age of an athlete was 22,3. The data were collected by means of the questionnaire designed by the authors for this study. Statistical data analysis was performed. Results. Investigation showed that as many as the 87,4% of respondents had some injury. Most of them were injuries of muscles, tendons and ligaments. The athletes often mentioned inappropriate warming up and too burdensome exercises as a direct cause of injury. Most of the respondents indicated a rest from training as the best treatment. A relation was observed between time devoted to weekly practice and the number of injuries (p = 0,82) as well as training experience and the number of injuries (p = 0,64) in the group of injured athletes. Conclusions. Athletics is a traumatic sport discipline. Injuries were most frequently located in lower limbs. The following elements are crucial in prevention of injuries: appropriate warming-up and appropriate intensity of training.

4

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СПОРТСМЕНОК, ЗАНИМАЮЩИХСЯ АТЛЕТИЧЕСКИМИ ВИДАМИ СПОРТА

75%

Константин Б., Александр Ч., Наталья В.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2017

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issue 4(68)

48-57

EN

The article presents the results of the study relating to the issue of studying personal and situational anxiety values, as well as gender identity personality type in athletes involved in weightlifting and powerlifting. The aim of our research is to study the self-determination of the values of gender identity of the personality types and levels of precompetitive personal and situational anxiety in female athletes of reproductive age, to identify and analyze existing in the data changes. The data indicators of gender identity and levels of anxiety in the studied groups are highlighted. We describe the identification of options for gender values in their relationship with certain types of precompetitive anxiety in athletes in both groups. It has been found out that a high level of personal and situational anxiety is a characteristic of young female athletes, who lack of experience of competitive activity and minor indicators of the level of sports qualification. Analysis of determining the level of situational anxiety in female athletes in precompetitive period indicates that a low level of anxiety is defined in 4 (17,39 %), the average level – in 5 (21,74 %) and the highest rate of female athletes has been identified in the group having high situational anxiety level precompetitive – 14 (60,87 %). These studies show that low levels of trait anxiety before the race have been identified in 9 (39,13 %) female athletes, the average level in these sports, of all athletes (n=23) – in 5 (21,74 %) and high the level of trait anxiety – in 11 (47,33 %) athletes. Attention is drawn to a sufficiently high number of athletes with a high level of personal precompetitive anxiety. The vast majority of these were young female athletes with little sports experience and a high level of sports qualification. Data on female athletes of both groups (n=23) has shown that a masculine type of gender identity possessed 11 (47,83 %), the androgynous type – 9 (39,13 %), and the feminine type of 3 (13,04 %) of all female athletes. It clearly demonstrates that in these groups there is a clear shift from the feminine type of gender identification to the masculine and androgynous ones. Prospects for further research in this area are the study of a number of additional psychological parameters in this group of athletes, such as aggressiveness, sociability, psycho-emotional adaptation.

5

Z dziejów sportu w Wieliczce w latach 1892 – 2015

51%

Krokosz P.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

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2016

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vol. 31

61-117

XX

Past years have been marked by a dynamic development of sports infrastructure in the area of the city and municipality of Wieliczka. Currently, two excellently equipped sports facilities operate in Wieliczka: “Solne Miasto” Educational and Recreational Centre, commissioned in 2011 and the Małopolska Athletics Arena, located on the so-called “Psia Górka” (a mining pit from which sand was transported to fill voids in the Wieliczka Salt Mine); in the inter-war period, the venue was used as a place for shooting competitions and in the 1970s as an off-road motorcycle course. Both facilities allow for organising competitions in various sports disciplines. The city’s sports offer is supplemented by two “Orlik” sports complexes (football pitches where it is possible to play football, handball, volleyball and basketball, with gym equipment and back-up facilities in the form of a sanitary building and cloakroom), located in Mickiewicz Park and in the Krzyszkowice Housing Estate. It is also necessary to mention sports facilities of other Wieliczka sports clubs and school football pitches and gyms, where various sports and recreational activities can be conducted. It is very interesting to compare the present-day picture with the beginnings of sports life which started to develop in Wieliczka in the 2nd half of the 19th century. Antoni Rink, the teacher of Wieliczka Departmental School, promoted the necessity of keeping proper physical condition among his pupils between 1886 and 1887 in “Przewodnik Gimastyczny Sokół.” Later, in 1892, the Polish Gymnastic Association “Sokół” established its unit in the city and for several decades to come it was the most important sports institution in Wieliczka. In the inter-war period, two effectively operating sports club joined “Sokół”, i.e. the Cyclists and Motorists Club in Wieliczka (1924), promoting cycling and motorcycling, and “Wieliczanka” Railway Sports Club (1927), which promoted broadly understood sports activity (the leading discipline in the club was football). Young people from Wieliczka’s schools and university students who were members of the Academic Youth Circle were also active in the area of sports. In the 1920s, “Ari” Jewish Sports Association was also established, which brought together Jewish youth in Wieliczka. Among several sports disciplines practiced in the Wieliczka sports clubs, football was the most popular; meetings of “Sokół” Sports Club and “Wieliczanka” football teams were the most important events of sports and social character in the city. In 1931, thanks to the efforts of Wieliczka authorities and members of all sports organisations, a municipal stadium was commissioned and its management was entrusted to “Wieliczanka.” The activity of Wieliczka’s residents in the area of sports was halted by the outbreak of WWII. Operation of all associations and social organisations, including sports clubs, was banned. It was only after the end of military activities that the sports life in the city started to flourish once again. “Wieliczanka” and “Sokół” resumed their operation almost immediately after the war. The former was less lucky, as the communist authorities declined its official registration and liquidated its soon afterwards. In 1947, another important Wieliczka sports club was established by the Salt Mine: “Górnik” Wieliczka (“Miner”) Sports Club. In 1970, the activity of “Wieliczanka” was suspended (until the end of the 1980s), which resulted in the fact that “Górnik” came to be the leading club in the city for several years. The competitors practicing in individual club sections were successful in local, domestic and international competitions. The most outstanding footballer who played for “Górnik” and earlier also for “Wieliczanka” was Adam Musiał, later a player of Cracow’s “Wisła”, as well as other foreign clubs, representative of the country and silver medal winner during the World Cup in 1974. In the 20th and the 21st century, tennis players were also successful, along with the team of women’s basketball players and boxers from the boxing section. Artur Szpilka has been the most famous boxer in the recent years. In the 1980s, there was a significant growth of sport activities among children and youth attending Wieliczka schools. A special role was played by the Inter-School Sports Centre established in Wieliczka in 1980 (MOS Wieliczka) and the Inter-School Sports Club operating next to it (MKS MOS Wieliczka). Facilities conducting sports classes for children and youth are equally important: UKS Regis Wieliczka, “Gimnazjon” Pupils’ Sports Club at Primary School with Integration Divisions No. 4 in Wieliczka or the Deacon’s Sports Club “Kinga.” Combat sports have enjoyed great popularity in Wieliczka for a number of years; it is possible to practice them in several specialist clubs and schools operating in the city. In 1993, Choy Lee Fut started to operate in the city (since 2000 under the name “Kung Fu Lung” Combat Sports School) managed by Tomasz Chabowski, multiple champion of Poland and Europe, champion of the world and coach of the Polish Wushu team (2010 – 2013). In the 1990s, Jarosław Hebda started to teach karate in Wieliczka in Oyama Karate; at the present moment, he is the manager of OYAMA Wieliczka Sports Club. Since 2009, second karate centre has been operating in the city – Kiokushinkai Wieliczka Karate Club, established and managed by Robert Kopciowski. Wieliczka is also the hotbed for chess talents. Outstanding post-war chess-players came from Wieliczka: Bogdan Śliwa (1922-2003) and Anna Jurczyńska (1926-2009). A worthy continuator of Wieliczka chess playing is MOS Wieliczka – its pupils were very successful in the country and abroad. Junior Grand Master Jan Krzysztof Duda, multiple champion of the world, Europe and Poland in chess, has greatest accomplishments in this noble discipline of sports. After 1945, cycling and motorcycling traditions were also revived. In the 1950s, a cycling section operated in “Górnik.” Participants of various competitions raced along the streets of the city, e.g. amateur cycling rallies “Rowerem po wiosnę” and “Rowerem po złoty liść,” “Kolarska majówka” or the prestigious professional Tour de Pologne race. The most accomplished road cyclist from Wieliczka is Tomasz Marczyński, winner of many domestic and international trophies and a member of elite professional European clubs. Motorcycle and car races are also popular. In 1975, upon the initiative of the Wieliczka teacher, Edward Kozioł, an off-road motorcycle race was organised under the name “Father and Son.” Best motorcycle riders and their offspring raced on “Psia Górka.” In the recent years, motorcycle riding in the area has been promoted by Tomasz Hajduk, the Champion of Poland (Seniors) between 2005 and 2013 in Motorcycle Trials and Piotr Serek, an award-winning sportsman in classic motorcycle racing. For a number of years, Wieliczka roads have been used as an arena for car races. In 1990s, an amateur rally event known as “Kręciołki Wielickie” (the drivers were competing for the Marian Bublewicz Trophy) was organised; since 2007, Automobilklub Krakowski, Wieliczka city and municipality, Wieliczka poviat and Association of Car Sports Lovers in Wieliczka have been organising the “Janusz Kulig and Marian Bublewicz Memorial Rally” which attracts throngs of fans from all over Poland. One of the best race drivers from Wieliczka is Mateusz Lisowski, a champion in domestic and foreign competitions, e.g. Škoda Octavia Cup (2009), Scirocco R-Cup (2011), Volkswagen Castrol Cup (2013). In car races, a team made of Rafał and Grzegorz Ślęczka represents the city and the municipality of Wieliczka and Solne Miasto Sp. z o.o.; the duo has won the first place in Class 9 in the Polish Rally Championship in 2012. For a number of years, running has also enjoyed significant popularity in Wieliczka. Traditional amateur cross-country running took place in Mickiewicz Park. Since the 1980s, running in the city has been provided with a more organised form. On 20 October 1984, the 1st Mieczysław Cieślik Athletic Memorial was organised, attended by over 400 participants – pupils from primary schools, middle schools and teachers. In 2000, the 1st “Solidarność” Wieliczka Race took place and, a year later, the “Race for St. Kinga’s Ring” was organised for the first time (the event is held annually during the city celebration days that take place in June each year). To celebrate the 85th anniversary of Polish independence, the 1st Wieliczka Independence Race was organised in the city (in 2015, its 13th edition was organised). In 2014, the 1st Half Marathon Wieliczka took place; its second edition a year later was prepared under a slightly different name: 4F Half Marathon Wieliczka.

6

Od wrogości do akceptacji. Polsko-litewskie kontakty sportowe w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym

45%

Wolsza T.

Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2020

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vol. 55

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issue 1

109-128

EN

In the first part of reflections, the reader will find information on the sports competitions of Polish sportspeople with the representatives of Czechoslovakia, Germany, and the Soviet Union, with due regard to the suspension of sports contacts for political reasons. The second part deals with the Polish-Lithuanian contacts in 1938–39 after the neighbouring countries established diplomatic relations.

PL

W pierwszej części rozważań czytelnik odnajdzie informacje na temat rywalizacji sportowej zawodników polskich z reprezentantami Czechosłowacji, Niemiec i Związku Sowieckiego, z uwzględnieniem aspektu zawieszenia kontaktów sportowych z powodów politycznych. Druga część traktuje o kontaktach polsko-litewskich w latach 1938–1939, po nawiązaniu przez sąsiadujące kraje stosunków dyplomatycznych.

7

Sportowa wszechstronność polskich piłkarzy, uczestników rozgrywek ligowych w latach 1927–1939

45%

Owsiański J.

International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

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2021

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vol. 27

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issue 1

97-118

EN

The players who played in the Polish football league in the interwar period were very versatile and talented, therefore they were also successful in other sports. The aim of the study was to assess the scale of this phenomenon. The mass development of football in Poland meant that there was a shortage of talented players in the struggle involving sports games, athletics or winter sports. The high level of physical fitness of the players predisposed them to participate in the competitions in sections of sports clubs other than football. The author presents detailed lists of footballers, participants in league competitions in the years 1927–1939, who became medallists of Polish championships in ice hockey, athletics, basketball, volleyball and handball. In addition, the biographies and achievements of the most versatile athletes are included.

PL

Zawodnicy występujący w latach międzywojennych w polskiej lidze piłkarskiej byli bardzo wszechstronni i utalentowani, dlatego odnosili sukcesy sportowe także w innych dyscyplinach sportu. Celem pracy była ocena skali tego zjawiska. Masowy rozwój piłki nożnej w Polsce sprawił, że brakowało utalentowanych zawodników w zmaganiach obejmujących gry sportowe, lekkoatletykę czy sporty zimowe. Wysoka sprawność piłkarzy predystynowała ich do udziału w rywalizacji sekcji klubów sportowych, innych niż futbolowe. Przedstawiono szczegółowe wykazy piłkarzy, uczestników rozgrywek ligowych w latach 1927–1939, którzy zostali medalistami mistrzostw Polski w hokeju na lodzie, lekkoatletyce, koszykówce, siatkówce i piłce ręcznej. Ponadto zaprezentowano sylwetki i dokonania najbardziej wszechstronnych zawodników.

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2 Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

1 International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

1 Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

1 Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu

1 Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

1 Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2 2020

2 2017

1 2016

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1 Brzozowska E.

1 Hyjek-Młynarczyk K.

1 Iskra J.

1 Krokosz P.

1 Owsiański J.

1 Piechota K.

1 Wolsza T.

1 Александр Ч.

1 Константин Б.

1 Наталья В.