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1

Improving the quality of life through Balneotourism practices: the Bulgarian experience

100%
Stankova M. Z., Kirilov S. Y.
Ekonomia. Wrocław Economic Review
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2017
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vol. 23
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issue 1
73-81
EN
Balneotourism is a traditional element of Bulgaria’s tourist destination image. The use of the healing powers of water, climate and mud deposits can be traced back to the old Thracian tribes that inhabited Bulgarian lands thousands of years ago. Bulgaria can successfully develop balneotourism and boost foreign visitors not only with its available natural resources, but also with great affordability of the health services offered. This is an opportunity to overcome the problem of season dependent tourism, as well as to increase revenues in the sector and the economy. At the same time, balneotourism and the establishment of the national health system allow for a real improvement in the quality of life of all the insured but particularly of people with disabilities. In that regard, the present paper analyses the origins, development and the current state of balneotourism in Bulgaria. Special attention is paid to defining the terms “balneology” and “balneotourism”. There are theoretical issues observed as well as significant aspects of the Bulgarian health system related to the utilization of the balneotourism product. Based on conducted research and analysis, recommendations are made aiming at further development of balneotourism and improvement of the quality of life of people with medical conditions and the disabled.
2

Zakład kąpielowy w Brzeźnie w okresie napoleońskiego Wolnego Miasta Gdańska

88%
Dargacz J.
Zapiski Historyczne
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2011
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vol. 76
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issue 1
67-77
EN
The bathing resort in Brzeźno in the period of the first Free City of Gdańsk was built by the Gdańsk authorities in 1810 as requested by Napoleon’s governor General Jean Rapp. The resort was leased to Johann Carl Sust. The first information about the resort comes from 8 August 1810. The resort offered not only baths in the sea, but also cold and hot baths in one of the rooms prepared for this purpose. The leaseholder provided meals and drinks, as well as accommodation in his new inn in Nowy Port. In the subsequent two seasons the resort functioned without major changes. To facilitate the driveway to the resort the leaseholder introduced regular carriage connections between Nowy Port and Brzeźno. In the autumn of 1812 the Gdańsk authorities terminated the lease contract with J. C. Sust due to his bankruptcy, and conducted a bidding to choose a new leaseholder of the resort. It was a Gdańsk entrepreneur Joseph Karmann who became a new leaseholder. When the change of the leaseholder took place at the end of 1812, the inventory of the resort’s facilities was recorded twice. The contract concluded with J. Karmann in December 1812 was not enforced. The resort was destroyed completely at the beginning of 1813 during the siege of Gdańsk. The exact date and circumstances of that event remain unknown; probably the resort was destroyed by the Russian troops. On the basis of the cartographic materials and later records it can be assumed that “the Napoleaon” resort was situated east of the village of Brzeźno, directly on the beach, on the level of what is now Haffner’s Park. The widely spread assumption about J. Haffner’s involvement in the establishment of the resort in Brzeźno cannot be confirmed by any source.
3
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„W zdrowym ciele zdrowy duch”, czyli Rady dla kuracjuszy na łamach „Wód Mineralnych” (1875) – tygodniowego dodatku „Gazety Lekarskiej”

75%
dr Bednarz-Grzybek R.
Jedziemy do wód w...
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2015
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issue 2
43-60
XX
Rozwój nauk ścisłych w XIX wieku umożliwił powstanie balneologii, nauki o właściwościach fizycznych i chemicznych wód mineralnych oraz ich zastosowaniu leczniczym. Zaczęli się nią interesować lekarze, a wyjazdy do zdrojów „na kurację” w XIX stuleciu przybrały charakter masowy. Polscy kuracjusze wyjeżdżali głównie za granicę, chociaż polskie wody nie ustępowały zagranicznym. Pojawiła się zatem konieczność przekonania społeczeństwa o walorach rodzimych zdrojowisk oraz podjęcia starań o ich rozbudowę i unowocześnienie. W popularyzacji zdrojowisk dużą rolę odegrały specjalistyczne czasopisma poświęcone balneologii lub dodatki do tytułów lekarskich. Jednym z nich było pismo zatytułowane „Wody Mineralne.
EN
The development of science made it possible for balneology to appear. It deals with physical and chemical properties of water and its use in medical treatment. It attracted interest of doctors and going to spas ‘’for treatment’’ in the 19th century became widespread. Polish bathers and patients used to go abroad, although Polish spas were not worse. That situation made it necessary to convince the society about the quality of our home spas as well as to make efforts to develop and modernize them. Specialist health resort magazines devoted to balneology and supplements to medical press played an outstanding role in popularization of spas. One of the magazines was called ‘’Mineral Water Ciechocinek, Busko, Solec, Druskienniki, Birsztany, Nowe Miasto, Sławinek. Thing Devoted to Spas and Their Guests’’ (1875) – a supplement to ‘’MedicalJournal’’. It was published and edited by Polikarp Girsztowt. It was destined to popularize Polish spas among bathers and patients and thus attract more of them. The magazine popularized information about reasonable use of spas and the treatments they offered.
4
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Surowce w leczeniu uzdrowiskowym - nadzór nad ich wykorzystywaniem i wykonywaniem zabiegów

63%
Wirszyc-Sitkowska K., Krawczyk S.
Kontrola Państwowa
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2019
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vol. 64
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issue 4 (387)
99-109
EN
Although treatment in heath resorts is one of the oldest fields of medicine, standards for this treatment have not been set so far, including norms and procedures for individual stimulation treatment. The only binding regulations impose on health centres an obligation to use only natural resources for such treatment. In practice, the lack of standards may translate into improper treatment, or lead to using insufficient or low quality resources. That is why NIK conducted an audit that examined the effectiveness of the supervision in the area, and whether medicinal resources were correctly used in 16 health resorts treatment centres.
5
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Health education from the perspective of the periodical „Echa Zdrojowe" (1914)

63%
Bednarz-Grzybek R. A.
Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny
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2020
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vol. 39
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issue 1
EN
The low hygiene level had a negative impact on the health and quality of life in Poland at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The solution that could improve the current state of affairs was promoting a healthy lifestyle in the education of the young generation of Poles. In the enthusiasm for health popularizing at the turn of the century, magazine articles suggested where to go for treatment, what procedures to use and how to spend free time. This mission was implemented using the balneological periodical „Echa Zdrojowe” (1914), which published content promoting the principles of hygiene and health education in society. The values of the spa in Ciechocinek were particularly praised, active forms of recreation were promoted, and the educational role of the sport was highlighted. Thanks to press reports, social knowledge about the possibilities of holiday leisure, such as summer camps which aimed at relaxation and improving health increased.
PL
Zły stan higieny miał negatywny wpływ na zdrowie i jakość życia społeczeństwa polskiego przełomu XIX i XX wieku. Rozwiązaniem mogącym wpłynąć na jego poprawę była promocja zdrowego trybu życia w wychowaniu młodych pokoleń Polaków. W zapale popularyzowania zdrowia na przełomie XIX i XX wieku publicyści na łamach czasopism podpowiadali, do jakiego miejsca jechać na kurację, z jakich zabiegów leczniczych skorzystać oraz przedstawiali możliwości spędzania wolnego czasu. Narzędziem do realizacji tej misji było balneologiczne czasopismo „Echa Zdrojowe” (1914), na łamach którego publikowano treści propagujące wśród społeczeństwa zasady higieny i wychowania zdrowotnego, szczególnie zachwalano walory uzdrowiska w Ciechocinku, promowano aktywne formy wypoczynku, doceniając wychowawczą rolę sportu. Dzięki doniesieniom prasowym wzrastała wiedza społeczna, dotycząca możliwości wakacyjnego wypoczynku, zwłaszcza tego zorganizowanego, czyli kolonii, mających na celu wyłącznie wypoczynek oraz poprawę stanu zdrowia.
6
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Трускавець на сторінках туристичних путівників та путівників курортами (1875–1914)

63%
Мовна М.
Galicja. Studia i materiały
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2020
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issue 6
336-347
EN
The article analyses the image of the town Truskawiec as a famous balneological resort as seen from the perspective of tourist guides and health resort guides from the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The authors of the guides were usually experienced doctorsbalneologists, developing their practices over a long period of time in Truskawiec. For this reason they possessed considerable and through knowledge regarding the medical infrastructure of the town. The article focuses on the characteristic of the main editions of the guides, the contents of which include relevant information allowing the analysis of selected aspects of the mobility of the Galician society at the and of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Apart from the issues related to the translocation of population, they shed light on the development of tourism in the country.
PL
W artykule przeanalizowano portret miasta Truskawiec jako znanego kurortu balneologicznego oglądanego przez pryzmat przewodników turystycznych i przewodników po ośrodkach uzdrowiskowych końca XIX – początku XX w. Autorami przewodników byli przeważnie doświadczeni lekarze-balneolodzy, rozwijający swoje praktyki w ciągu długiego okresu w Truskawcu. Z tej racji dysponowali oni obszerną i dokładną wiedzą dotyczącą leczniczej infrastruktury miasta. W tekście uwzględniono i zajęto się charakterystyką najważniejszych edycji przewodników. Zamieszczone w nich treści zawierały istotne informacje pozwalające na analizę wybranych aspektów mobilności społeczeństwa galicyjskiego końca XIX – początku XX w. Obok zagadnień związanych z przemieszczaniem się ludności rzucają one poniekąd światło na rozwój turystyki na terenach kraju.
7
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Die  Karlsbad-Reise des Ferdinand Krackowizer im Jahre 1909: Anmerkungen zu einer Kulturgeschichte der bürgerlichen Badereise

51%
Fendl E.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2020
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vol. 107
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issue 4
399-438
EN
In May 1909, Ferdinand Krackowizer (1844-1933), an archival councillor from Linz, took a trip to the spa in Karlovy Vary. He kept a travel diary as well as a memory album where he stored all sorts of documents: postcards, concert programmes, tickets, menus, a report from his attending physician, etc. By analysing these documents we are able to reconstruct in detail Krackowizer’s stay at the spa and gain deeper knowledge of the everyday spa culture in Karlovy Vary at the turn of the century. In addition, the analysis takes into account the opinions and assessments provided by the traveller himself in his travel diary. The diary further facilitates reconstructing Krackowizer’s networks and understanding different aspects of cultural practices connected to spa travel. Finally, these primary sources show the importance which Krackowizer attributed to his spa trip as a form of external representation.
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