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EN
Communicating in an organization is one of the most important problems of modern companies. The wrong system of communication is an outer symptom of latent disturbances in organization. The process of communication should be worked out the best that it is possible, so that the work of the economic entity was most effective. Managers should know in what way to maximize the potential profits on communication and minimize possible problems by overcoming the barriers in communication. Introducing the system of open inner communication often encounters resistance, especially in those Polish organizations that functioned in the system of centrally directed economy. However, active, creative, enterprising, well educated, young people who are not afraid of risks, may profit from the new culture, in which communicating plays a dominating role. On the other hand, those who cannot adopt their attitudes to the new conditions and keep to the old schemas of thinking and acting, lose. Owing to good communication one may achieve great successes, but ignoring it he may experience a spectacular failure.
EN
The purpose of the article is to investigate the causes of communication disruption at different levels of discourse. The study material consisted of conversations conducted by M. Olejnik in the TV show Prosto w oczy (Straight in the Eye). The analyzed examples are taken from the episode dealing with the sources of violence against women. The analysis showed that barriers in communication were caused by a variety of fac­tors. Some of them such as noise, low bandwidth, code limitations, information selection, or the interlocutor’s social role can be related to the communicative situation. Others can stem from the inconsistent organization of semantic discourse at the level of the thematic organization, focus, the organization of references and rhetorical organization. In the media discourse, the rhetorical organization is the most important. The specific goals of the media cause the journalist to focus not on co-operation and agreement, but on manifesting differences and on creating dramatic conflicts through simplification and polarization of attitudes.
PL
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EN
In the article, the author describes randomly chosen websites of law firms. Since, according to the Polish law, lawyers should not advertise their services, she analyzed whether these websites truly contained no advertising material. Additionally, the author examined the complexity of the language of such websites. She used modern software called Jasnopis, which determines text difficulty (fogginess) with the use of various parameters. The author noticed that the language of law firm websites did not meet the criteria for simple language and that it was also strongly persuasive. These observations allowed to conclude that the authors of these texts concentrated more on the impressive function of the text that the informative function.
PL
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EN
Communication, as the key element of the educational, pedagogical, socialization and rehabilitation process should also have a special dimension with reference to the idea of social inclusion.  Based on various theoretical concepts in the scope of communication psychology and therapeutic psychology, an attempt is made to specify inclusive communication as a form of a dialogue effectively supporting the process of inclusive education. The presentation of the meaning of communication in human development is followed by the analysis of features and elements typical of the excluding communication, which make proper social development or participation in various forms of social activity difficult for an individual. Inclusive communication is a counteraction of this process and it is transparent, open, empathic and supportive of the pupil's development. An example of the communication method, which may be used in the inclusive communication, is the Nonviolent Communication developed by Marshall Roseneberg.
PL
Komunikacja jako kluczowy element prowadzenia procesu edukacyjnego, wychowawczego, socjalizacyjnego i resocjalizacyjnego powinna również nabrać szczególnego wymiaru w odniesieniu do idei inkluzji społecznej. W oparciu o różne koncepcje teoretyczne z zakresu psychologii komunikacji oraz komunikacji terapeutycznej zostanie podjęta próba określenia komunikacji inkluzyjnej jako formy dialogu skutecznie wspierającego proces edukacji włączającej. Po przedstawieniu znaczenia komunikacji w rozwoju człowieka zostaną przeanalizowane cechy i elementy charakterystyczne dla komunikacji wykluczającej, utrudniającej jednostce prawidłowy rozwój i uczestnictwo w różnych formach aktywności społecznej. Przeciwwagę dla tego procesu stanowi komunikacja inkluzyjna, cechująca się przejrzystością, otwartością, empatią i wspieraniem rozwoju wychowanka. Przykładem metody porozumiewania się, która może być wykorzystywana w komunikacji inkluzyjnej, jest Porozumienie Bez Przemocy, opracowane przez Marshalla Rosenebrga.
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