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1

Obietnice Ducha dla „martwych” w świetle Ap 14,13

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Siemieniec T. M.

Verbum Vitae

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2020

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vol. 37

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issue 1

129-143

EN

The article deals with the problem of promises of the Spirit for “the Dead” in the light of Rev 14:13. The point of departure for this analysis is the presentation of the current state of research. It has been demonstrated that, until now, scholars have focused on the question of the recipients of this macarism, whether it applies to all Christians or merely martyrs. The author of the article proposes to understand “the dead” as spiritually dead. This meaning is indicated by the context of the macarism, which is the whole vision in Rev 14:6-13, as well as by the fact that this spiritual sense of the term “the dead” does not contradict other texts of Revelation. Thus we have here a blessing for those who repent. The Holy Spirit shows himself here as the one who confirms the promises given in the blessing, and consequently as the one who animates the eternal gospel being proclaimed. The Spirit, speaking in Rev 14:13, reveals himself as a person who expresses himself by delivering the message to humankind. The command to write the content of the blessing (v. 13a), parallel to the Spirit’s statement (v. 13b), reveals the role of this Spirit in the process, called “a scripturistic inspiration”. Therefore the Spirit plays here an important role in the transmission of the eternal gospel which, first, calls for repentance, and, when repentance is forthcoming, promises an early accomplishment of salvific promises.

PL

Artykuł porusza kwestię obietnic Ducha dla „martwych” w świetle Ap 14,13. Punktem wyjścia jest stan badań nad tekstem Ap 14,13. Zostało wykazane, że – jak dotąd – uczeni głownie skupiali się na adresatach tego makaryzmu, poszukując odpowiedzi na pytanie o to, czy idzie tutaj o wszystkich chrześcijan, czy tylko o męczenników. Autor artykułu proponuje rozumieć „martwych” w kategoriach duchowych (jako martwych duchowo). Wskazuje na to kontekst makaryzmu, którym jest wizja 14,6-13, jak również fakt, że duchowe znaczenie terminu „martwi” nie stoi w sprzeczności z innymi tekstami Apokalipsy. W związku z tym mamy tu błogosławieństwo dla tych, którzy się nawracają. Duch Święty jawi się tutaj jako Ten, który potwierdza obietnice dane w makaryzmie, a co za tym idzie, jest Tym, który nadaje dynamizm głoszonej „odwiecznej dobrej nowinie”. Duch, przemawiając w Ap 14,13, jawi się jako Osoba, która wyraża siebie samego, przekazując orędzie ludziom. Paralelne do wypowiedzi Ducha polecenie spisania treści błogosławieństwa ukazuje rolę tegoż Ducha w procesie, który nazywamy natchnieniem skrypturystycznym. Zatem Duch odgrywa tutaj bardzo ważną rolę w przekazie dobrej nowiny, która z jednej strony wzywa do nawrócenia, a z drugiej, w przypadku, kiedy to nawrócenie nastąpi, wskazuje na rychłą realizację zbawczych obietnic.

2

THE END OF MAN IN JACQUES MARITAIN’S CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY

80%

Scrandis D. A.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2017

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vol. 6

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issue 4

573-583

EN

This essay considers man’s perennial search for the meaning of life, specifically in its philosophical (Aristotelian) formulation namely as the pursuit of happiness, and how Christianity radically redefined the issue. Jacques Maritain began his philosophical analysis on the basis of Aristotle’s analysis because he regards Aristotle’s position as the finest fruit of reason even though it fails. Maritain’s analysis supplements Aristotle’s with man’s experience of the Incarnation and the Christian’s experience of faith, hope, and charity. Jesus promised the good thief “Today thou shalt be with me in paradise” (Luke 23:43) and thereby identified God as man’s objective end. Jacques Maritain’s reflection employs rational concepts drawn from reason and theological concepts taken from theology, adequately considered the issue, and constitutes a Christian philosophical treatment of the end of man.

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“THE CONTINGENCY OF OUR OWN BEATITUDE.” SOME REFLECTIONS ON GILSON’S “THE FUTURE OF AUGUSTINIAN METAPHYSICS”

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Schall J. V.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 1

7-16

EN

Inspired by selected passages from Wendell Berry’s story “A Place in Time,” the article discusses Étienne Gilson’s essay “The Future of Augustinian Metaphysics” with a special regard to the relation of habits to metaphysics. The basis of this relation is human being whose life, from the perspective of Augustinian metaphysics, is permanently unsettled. Man is the one mortal being whose perfection does not come with his being, but only with his own input into what it already is. Habits, then, prefect an already constituted human being in what he or she is. Man is not born, however, with habits, but acquires them through acts of the virtues or vices. The article develops the Augustinian idea according to which the moral effort of man to pursue virtues and escape vices results not so much from his natural desire of ‘beatitude’, but rather from the fact of being led to God by God.

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2 Studia Gilsoniana

1 Verbum Vitae

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1 Schall J. V.

1 Scrandis D. A.

1 Siemieniec T. M.

Obietnice Ducha dla „martwych” w świetle Ap 14,13

THE END OF MAN IN JACQUES MARITAIN’S CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY

“THE CONTINGENCY OF OUR OWN BEATITUDE.” SOME REFLECTIONS ON GILSON’S “THE FUTURE OF AUGUSTINIAN METAPHYSICS”