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1

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНО ДОЦІЛЬНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ УЧНІВПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ

100%

Колишкіна А.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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issue 9(43)

93-101

EN

This article summarizes various attempts of scientists to determine the characteristics and typology of behaviour. The analysis of the nature and structure of the term «environmentally expedient behaviour» during which it is important to turn to the consideration of categories «behaviour» and «feasibility». It was found out that individual behavior is caused by a chain of complex psychological entities: values, needs, interests and motives. Behavior is a system of actions or behaviour of the personality caused by personal values, aims to transform and change the world, and, to some extent, concerns and interests of object interaction. Under environmental behaviour the author considers system of actions or behaviour of the individual, which is directly or indirectly focused on saving and restoration of nature. The feasibility of the child's behaviour is caused by adults process of goal-setting, which consists of defining and implementing goals. Formation of environmentally expedient behavior of primary school pupils involves not only intellectual, but primarily emotional and volitional qualities of the personality. Natural background of forming environmentally expedient behaviour is characterized as age periods during which various relationships of children with natural and social environment are being built. Psychological-pedagogical foundations of forming environmentally expedient behaviour of primary school pupils constitute the following age characteristics: high activity; need for development; emotion; formation of the child as a stakeholder; formation of moral feelings under the influence of specific actions; dominance of particular directly senses. Structural components of environmentally expedient behaviour in relation to primary school pupils (knowledge of the nature and objects of the norms and rules of behaviour in nature, interest in natural objects, attitudes towards natural objects as subjects of interaction, experiences regarding objects of nature, deliberate actions and actions arising purpose of nature saving) are grounded. The need to explore the possibility of the family concerning formation of environmentally expedient behaviour of primary school pupils, as well as to identify, how a school, on the one hand, manages the process, and on the other, uses the experience of parents in the process of environmental education in extra-curricular activities.

2

Maltese Youth and the Environment: A Qualitative Study

100%

Mifsud M.

Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability

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2010

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vol. 12

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issue 2

110-129

EN

The present study attempted to highlight the main processes of the acquisition and development of various environmental perspectives and puts forward suggestions on how youth can be better addressed in the light of the research findings. The present paper involved the use of a number of focus groups and a contextual study that examined the development of environmental education on the Maltese islands, considered the main local environmental issues and subsequently analysed the main causes and mechanisms that have shaped the development of the local environment and the Maltese people. The present research identifies a number of geographic and socio economic trends which have a strong impact on young people's knowledge. The results indicate relatively low positive behaviour towards the environment, and the main issue appears to be what is seen as the ‘costs’ involved in performing such pro-environmental actions. A pervasive sense of futility in environmental actions emerged with issues relating to the Maltese government and politics being the main reasons for this feeling. An environmental perspectives model was designed employing the technique of graphical display. The model illustrates how young people perceive the future of the Maltese environment through three Cartesian axes.

3

Institutions: Uncertainty in Definition of the Term. A Brief Look at the history: 1890-1930

100%

Arnania-Kepuladze T.

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2014

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vol. 9

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issue 4

79-102

EN

: Despite the fact that the significance of institutional economics is commonly recognized, the uncertainty of basic concepts of institutional economics – institutions – and its investigation sphere is widely mentioned today. The paper aims to trace the process of evolution in the understanding of the notion of institution, from its spontaneous mentions and pragmatic use of the so-called pre-institutional era to the desire to understand and to define the essence of the institution in the period of early institutionalism. Based on the analyses of appropriate literature, the paper tries to study how the term “institution” was understood at the three initial historical period of its usage. For this purpose, the first part of the paper analyses how the term “institu-tion” was used at the start by religious figures in VII and XIII centuries and then by thinkers in XVII-XVIII centuries which are considered as a pre-history of the term “institution” wide usage. The second part of the study is focused on the investigation how the term was understood by immediate predecessors of institutional economics – German Historical School, and the third part of the paper investigates scholars-institutionalists’ efforts in the intellectual context on the period 1890-1930.

4

Knowledge and Behaviour

88%

Holý L.

Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)

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2014

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vol. 1

9-24

EN

Ladislav Holy argues in this paper that by virtue of the self-defining character of human activities, anthropological interpretation could proceed only on the basis of understanding indigenous categories and analysing activities in terms of those categories; imposition of outsiders’ analytic categories onto local concerns would only lead to confused analyses and the distorted representation of local systems of knowledge.

5

Tożsamość czynu jako podstawa różnicowania mechanizmów redukujących odpowiedzialność karną

88%

Giezek J.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

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2017

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vol. 43

107-129

EN

Our starting point is the view, well grounded in the dogmatics of criminal law, that the separation of a criminal off ence as an entity judged from a legal standpoint is based upon both ontic and normative criteria. On the one hand, the basis for an act, anchored in reality, is the behaviour of a subject, on the other hand, what part of it we consider a single object of legal judgement is decided by the legislator. The situation becomes more complicated whenever the judgement of a particular part of a subject’s behaviour is determined by the realisation of the features of at least two prohibited acts. The criteria of unity of an act — apart from full or partial identity of time, in which at least two sets of features of prohibited acts are realised, are highly vague. One could probably refrain from searching for them, has it not been for the fact that the presence of a single act — or multiple acts — is the basis for the currently binding model of reduction mechanisms. If those mechanisms were to rationalise criminal liability, the basis of their use should consist of entirely normative criteria, based, for example, on those that we use for objective ascription of the result. A model of mechanisms of this kind could be determined by the quantity and quality of the violated rules of conduct, or, to use a diff erent phrase, the multiplicity of sources of risk generated by the subject. A positive consequence of such rearrangement could be the possibility of abandoning the concept of an act as an object of legal judgement, selected from the continuum of behaviour, with a precisely determined timeframe.

6

THE INVOLVEMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE LIGHT OF THE RESEARCH RESULTS

88%

Stankiewicz J., Moczulska M.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2015

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vol. 6

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issue 2

37-51

EN

The development of information technology, increase demand for mental work, shortening product life cycle and competing of the quality meant that knowledge is widely considered to be one of the most important resources of the organization. Taking into account activities related to the process of knowledge management (such as the acquisition of knowledge from the environment, identifying its in the organization, knowledge sharing) and their sources (internal and external stakeholders) can be noted that any knowledge management requires the involvement of employees. Based on the analysis of the employees engagement was found that managing knowledge should be supported by the affective commitment and focused on work organization and environment. They exhibit a specific behavior. Recognizing this problem for interesting the empirical research was carried out. Their goal was to identify the prevalence of involvement of employees in knowledge management and the desired employee behavior in the various activities of this processes. The study conducted among enterprises of Lubuskie province. The research used a survey method. It was found that the surveyed enterprises implement the activities related to knowledge management in a selective manner. In the light of the adopted criteria only one (out of 102) of the surveyed companies could be considered as knowledge management. It also seems that the attention is not focused on the creation of knowledge but its acquisition and protection. Taking into account the results of research on behavior conducive to knowledge management can be concluded that the climate for creativity exists at the level of teams but not the organization.

7

Real-Life Frustration from Virtual Worlds: The Motivational Potential of Frustration

88%

Balážiková M.

Acta Ludologica

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2019

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vol. 2

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issue 1

56-68

EN

The presented paper offers a short general introduction to frustration followed by a discourse on frustration as an integral part of gaming experience with the core distinction between positive in-game frustration and negative at-game frustration. The potential of frustration to increase motivation to play, emotional engagement and immersion is outlined. The paper includes comprehensive research using the means of a questionnaire (n=159) and content analysis (n=327) identifying types of frustrating situations in games, perceived sources of frustration, the behavioural impact of frustration and the relationship between locus of control and ascribed source of frustration. Results showed toxic behaviour as a leading cause of frustration. The most common declared behavioural output of frustration caused by the toxic behaviour of other players was quitting a game for a certain amount of time. Frustration showed the most motivational potential within the category of frustrating situations related to gamers e.g. being stuck in a part of the game, losing, not succeeding, etc. At-game frustration concerns mainly the category called the “game itself”. Most often the game was blamed for insufficiencies in game mechanics or game design, malfunctioning and technical issues within the game. The presented research did not show a statistically significant association between the source of frustration and a participant’s locus of control. The paper has potential in terms of game design and research of emotion, motivation or immersion.

8

MUSIC AS MEANS TO SUPPORT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOUR OF PREADOLESCENTS

88%

Králová E.

Ars inter Culturas

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2014

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issue 3

117-136

EN

Background: The paper explores the potency of music activities and background music to support academic performance and behaviour of Slovak middle school pupils. It reviews developmental, social and emotional changes that children face during the period of preadolescence. School and education is connected with the formation of personality, thus school staff and parents need to pay attention to social and emotional well-being of pupils. The objective of the study is to investigate academic performance and behaviour of pupils (aged 10-11) before and after music intervention. Methods: The target research group consists of forty-four Slovak fifth graders from big urban, municipal middle school. Data were collected by evaluation of rating scale conducting teacher´s professional judgement about pupils they taught the four explored school subjects. Results: The study summarises the results of rating scale of teacher’s opinions of pupils’ academic performance and behaviour in the control and experimental groups (with and without music intervention). The results show the potency of music to support academic performance and improve behaviour of pupils.

9

Kierunek biologiczny we współczesnej kryminologii

76%

Kossowska A.

Archiwum Kryminologii

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1984

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issue XI

123-141

EN

Discussions of the relationship between biological factors and criminality have a long tradition in criminology. During the first stage of development of positivistic criminology, they constituted a predominant trend in the study of etiology of crime and delinquency. Then, with the future development of this school, they became one of its major lines, together with the study of cultural variables. The controversions between adherents of these two trends of the positivistic school resolve themselves into the essential question nature or nature. In other words, is a given human behaviour (e.g., criminal) a result of the man’s biological equipment, or was it influenced by the course of the process of upbringing in the broad sense. In different periods one or the other of these approaches predominated. Now it is generally considered that both nature and nurture regulate human behaviour in the process of constant interaction. Contemporary students of the role of biological factors in the etiology of crime abstain in general from attributing to these factors the conclusive role in the formation of criminal behaviour. Instead, they maintain that in certain circumstances a given biological factor may contribute to the appearance of behaviour which departs from the norm. In principle, biological factors may be divided into those which contribute more directly to the appearance of criminal behaviour, and those which exercise only an indirect influence - in interaction with environmental variables. The first group consists of such variables as tumours and other pathological injuries of the central nervous system, some forms of epilepsy and certain types of hormonal disorders. In a sense, all the above variables are directly connected with behaviour disorders which, in certain situations, may lead to the appearance of criminal behaviour. These regularities concern a small percent of offenders only, so general conclusions can not be drawn on this ground as regards biological conditions of delinquency. Among biological variables which influence behaviour problems (including criminal behaviour) indirectly, in interaction with environmental variables, the following are included in general: effect of prenatal and birth complications on the development of the child's central nervous system, minimal brain dysfunction and their correlates factors connected with heredity, chromosomal abnormalities (particularly XYY syndrome), and various psychophysiological variables related to the conditioning of behaviour. These variables can not be said to cause in themselves behaviour disorders favourable to crime and delinquency; it is imperative that particular environmental conditions arise for these disorders to appear. Thus in this case we deal with the effecti of different variables conditioned by class or environment, on the individual's biological formation and the role of the relationship between biological and environmental variables in shaping of man's adaptivity, including his ability to behave according to the norm. In the present article, a review of the contemporary studies of the above problem has been made. It has repeatedly been discovered that, in environment which is economically and socially unpriviledged, there are decidedly more prenatal and brith complications which are favourable to injuries of the child's central nervous system. Such injuries positively hinder social adaptation, particularly if the influence of environment in which the child is brought up is negative. The same may be said about the role of minimal brain dysfunction in the formation of the child's social attitudes. Here also, the influence of the environment may intensify the effect of the biological factor. In the studies of genetic determination of abnormal behaviour, results were obtained which indicate that in the etiology of such behaviour, hereditary factors are of some importance, while environment often „intensifies” the effect of genetic factors. The approach which is characterized by the search for the connection of both biological and environment variables with behaviour disorders (including criminal behaviour) has a strong position in Polish criminology thanks to the works of Professor Batawia and his associates. In the final of the article, the importance of disclosures as regards the role of biological factors in the etiology of delinquent behaviour in the field of crime prevention has been discussed.

10

Covert forms of aggressive behaviour among girls

76%

Krajnčan M., Pavel J. R.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

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2013

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issue 2

189-209

PL

Nowadays, increasingly more attention is being paid to the issue of aggressive behaviour, primarily owing to a stronger awareness of children’s rights and parents’ responsibility to promote them. The number of systematic studies dealing with the relational level and the area of covert aggressive behaviour is limited. In the past, studies investigating aggressive behaviour primarily focused on its most typical manifestation, i.e. physical aggression. In the postmodern period, however, experts have begun to explore different forms of aggressive behaviour which are particularly typical of girls. In this study the authors focused on various forms of covert violence to which girls in elementary schools are exposed. The descriptions of behaviours provided by both teachers and girls reveal a variety of forms of covert aggression among girls as well as a range of related incidents and their causes.

11

Pewność jako perspektywa poznawcza. Anty-nowożytne pojęcie pewności

75%

Gurczyńska-Sady K.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2012

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issue nr 20

65-81

EN

The article presents new understanding of the certainty which appears in the 20th century in relation to revolutionary changes of the important for the philosophy notionsas: the subject, the existence, the cognition, or the knowledge. The author is makingthe presentation by pointing to the new, comparing to the modern tradition, sourceof the knowledge. Describing her new figure as the sense, which is not reflectedby the subject but is freeing, the certainty is finding not in thecogito, located outsidethe world, but in thebehaviorof the embodied subject.

12

Spożycie produktów żywnościowych w wielkomiejskich gospodarstwach domowych w Polsce w okresie kryzysu finansowo-ekonomicznego

75%

Zalega T.

Problemy Zarządzania

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2013

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issue 1/2013 (40) t.1

68 - 87

PL

Kryzys gospodarczy na świecie wywołał dość wyraźne reperkusje w gospodarkach wszystkich krajów. Niewątpliwie wymiarami społecznymi kryzysu światowego są: wzrost bezrobocia, spadek dochodów gospodarstw domowych, zmiana struktury spożycia, zmiany stylów zachowań aż po odczuwanie poważnych stanów lęku i depresji, które wynikają z obawy przed utratą pracy i trudnościami w znalezieniu nowej, pogorszeniem sytuacji materialnej, utratą oszczędności czy niemożnością spłacania kredytów. Ponieważ kryzys światowy wpłynął również na polską rzeczywistość społeczno-gospodarczą, w artykule skoncentrowano się na omówieniu spożycia produktów żywnościowych w polskich gospodarstwach domowych. Po omówieniu metodologii i założeń badania oraz próby badawczej, w artykule, w dalszej jego części, pojęto się próby przeanalizowania wydatków na żywność i spożycia wybranych artykułów żywnościowych oraz omówienia kluczowych czynników wpływających na zakup produktów żywnościowych w polskich gospodarstwach domowych w okresie kryzysu finansowo-ekonomicznego. Podsumowanie rozważań i ważniejsze wnioski kończą niniejszy artykuł.

EN

The global economic crisis has clearly affected the economies of all countries. Regarding the social sphere, its impacts include growing unemployment, decreasing household incomes, changes in the consumption structure and lifestyles, serious states of anxiety and depression induced in people by likely dismissals and problems with finding new jobs, sinking financial situation, fear of losing the savings one has accumulated or of becoming insolvent. Because the crisis changed the socio-economic reality in Poland too, the article concentrates on the consumption of foodstuffs in Polish households. Following the presentation of the research methodology, assumptions and the sample of households, food expenditures and the consumption of selected foodstuffs in Polish households faced with the financial and economic crisis are analyzed and the key factors determining this type of purchases are discussed. The article ends with a recapitulation of the discussion and major conclusions.

13

Managing traffic behavior: A theoretical examination of aggressive driving through a Markovian model

75%

CHIÓN S. J., CHARLES V.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2019

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vol. 29

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issue 2

5-20

EN

Driving safety is a major concern all around the world of both the concerned authorities and the general public. In the context in which aggressive driving behaviour is generally considered to be a major cause of traffic accidents, the study of such a problem can help policy-makers in their endeavour to design better programs that aim at reducing aggressive driving behaviour. The purpose of the present paper is to analyse the above-mentioned problem by considering short- and medium-term alternative measures in terms of social cost. The optimal combination of short- and medium-term solutions will be shown to depend on the drivers’ level of aggressiveness, which, naturally, also depends on the gap between the existent infrastructure and the volume of motorized traffic. Special attention is given to the impact of civic campaigns on the level of aggressiveness.

14

Customers’ Perceptions as an Antecedent of Satisfaction with Online Retailing Services

75%

Misiani Mwencha P., Makau Muathe S.

Journal of Marketing and Consumer Behaviour in Emerging Markets

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2018

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issue 1(7)

4-27

EN

The assessment of antecedents of customer satisfaction has become very important for the success of online retailing services. This paper reports the results of a study that investigated the antecedent role of customers’ perceptions vis-a-vis satisfaction with online retailing services. While the study model conceptualizes customers’ perceptions as a composite variable made up of three dimensions (perceived attributes, perceived risk and perceived value) prescribed by four established information systems (IS) and consumer behaviour frameworks, namely the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Perceived Risk Theory (PRT), Theory of Consumption Values (TCV) and Expectations-Artifact Model of Satisfaction (EAMS), it does not specify how the different perceptual factors infl uence online satisfaction; instead it aggregates all three dimensions into a higher-order construct called “customers’ perceptions” and tries to understand the nature of relationship between the composite independent variable and the dependent variable. It employed a descriptive, correlational survey design whereby the response data collected from 240 registered users of 6 online retailers was analyzed using both descriptive as well as inferential statistics. The linear regression analyses indicate that the model provides a statistically signifi cant explanation of the variation in consumers’ online retailing satisfaction. The study also found empirical support for customers’ perceptions as an antecedent of satisfaction with online retailing services.

15

Karalność uczniów nieprzystosowanych społecznie

66%

Ostrihanska Z., Wójcik D.

Archiwum Kryminologii

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1984

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issue XI

143-166

EN

1. The study discussed in the present paper is a continuation of the research on extent and determinants of social maladjustment among schoolchildren in Warsaw elementary schools, which was conducted in the years 1976-1979. Over 600 classes (grade III-VIII) were then examined, which makes the total numer of 17,662 children aged 9-16. Teachers indicated children who revealed symptoms of social maladjustment (such as regular truancy, many-hours loitering around the streets without control, running away from home, stealing, frequenting company of demoralized colleagues, drinking alcohol, sexual demoralization, vandalism and frequent aggressive behaviour). 885 boys (which makes 10 per cent of all schoolboys included in the study) and 220 girls (2.7 per cent of all girls) were found to reveal these children, which included information as to the child’s family environment, school situation, school failures, behaviour, health, and symptoms of social maladjustment. From this general popuration of 885 schoolboys who revealed symptoms of social maladjustment, a group of 262 boys was separated whose symptoms were particularly intense and cumulated. This group then underwent a detailed individual examination. As a control group to match this group of 262 boys whose symptoms of social maladjustment were cumulated and intense, 151 boys were drawn by lot from among those of all schoolboys who had not been mentioned by the teachers as children who reveal symptoms of social maladjustment, and who were classmates of the socially maladjusted boys. The control group underwent the same individual examination. 2. At the stage of the study presented in the present paper the aim was to answer the following questions: - how many of the schoolchildren indicated by the teachers because of various symptoms of social maladjustment had cases in court before they were included in the study. – how many of them had cases in court during the five years of follow-up study. – what was the total number of children who had ever had cases in court and what was the intensity of their criminal careers. –is there any difference between the socially maladjusted schoolchildren who had cases in court and those with a clean record, as regards any features of their family environment or the kind of symptoms of social maladjustment, which caused them to be included in the study. Is there any difference between them as regards their school failure or the results of psychological examination. In order to answer these questions, in mid 1982 it was checked if the children indicated as socially maladjusted had cases in court as juveniles or as young adults (aged 17 and over). The examined persons were then aged 15-23. The cases of persons concerning whom it was impossible to obtain data, as to their criminal record were excluded from the analysis therefore, finally the examined population consisted of 859 boys and 220 girls. 3. At the moment when the examined schoolchildren were indicated by the teachers as revealing symptoms of social maladjustment, 6.9 per cent of the socially maladjusted boys and 3.7 pet cent of the girls had criminal cases in family courts. A considerable majority of these children (5.1 per cent of the boys and all girls, 3.7 per cent) had only one case in court. The cases occurred generally at the age 14-16. The number of children who had had cases of care and protection during anamnesis is comparatively large: 5.5 per cent of boys and as many as 16.3 per cent of girls. The examination of the schoolchildren's further criminal careers during the following 5 years produced the following results: - 20.9 per cent of boy were convicted by courts within that period (10.2 per cent had cases in family courts, 5.7 per cent- in ordinary courts, 5 per cent- both in family and in ordinary courts). - 4 per cent of girls were convicted (3.6 per cent by family courts, 0.4 per cent by ordinary courts). It should be added that on account of the age, only 629 boys and 178 girls could have had cases in ordinary courts. Among them, 14.8 per cent of boys and one girl were convicted. The percentage is high, as part of those who „could have had cases" were only 17 years old, the probability of their conviction being thus minimal. 25.7 per cent of boys convicted by ordinary court committed aggressive acts, while 70.7 per cent were convicted only for offences against property. When the entire examined period (anamnesis and follow-up period) is discussed together, it appears that every fourth boy (23.4 per cent) and every thirteenth girl among all socially maladjusted children were delinquent. This result certifies to the generally known difference between the extents of delinquency of boys and girls. However, the represented proportion changes diametrically if one takes into account not only criminal cases, but also those of care and protection. 12.2 per cent of boys and as many as 25.4 per cent of girls had cases of care and protection in family courts. There were 26.4 per cent of socially maladjusted boys and 28.6 per cent of girls who had cases in family courts (criminal and care and protection together). The high percentage of girls who had cases of care and protection may be connected to their worse family situation which demanded intervention, as well as with the fact, that girls revealed symptoms of sexual demoralization more frequently than boys (as many as 1/5 of socially maladjusted girls in grade VIII); these symptoms awoke concern of the adult and may induce them to seek intervention of a court. Such symptoms, not being offences, may only be a reason for instituting tutelar proceedings. Another problem was also examined, that is of the features of the examined persons and of their family environment (as revealed by the questionnaires filled in by the teachers) which would differentiate the delinquent boys from those who had never been convicted. The delinquent boys were found to live in worse family backgrounds, in which criminality of parents or siblings or alcoholism of the father occurred more frequently. Instead, the delinquent boys were not found to live more frequently in broken homes or separately from their parents. The delinquent boys were more socially maladjusted than those never convicted: they revealed a greater numer of symptoms of social maladjustment, their teachers informed more frequently of threir thefts, drinking, contacts with demoralized colleagues, and truancy. Instead, the delinquent boys were not described by the teachers as fighting with their schoolmates „often” and „very often” more frequently than those never convicted. It may be that such a description of a child by the teacher was unreliable; the boy's aggressive behaviour may have been a temporary phenomenon, resulting from actual social situation; aggressiveness revealed at school may have been separate from the entire syndrome of social maladjustment. However, at the present stage of the study we are not in a position to take up any attitude towards these possible explanations. Neither the many-hours loitering around the streets was found to significantly differentiate the delinquent boys from those never convicted. This results from the fact that loitering is a typical way of spending time of the considerable majority of socially maladjusted boys, therefore it does not differentiate those who were convicted from the others. 4. In the group of 262 individually examined boys who revealed intense and cumulated symptoms of social maladjustment, the extent of delinquency appeared to be larger than in the entire population of 885 socially maladjusted schoolboys from which this group has been selected. During anamnesis, 32 per cent of boys had criminal cases in family courts; 78.9 per cent of them had only one case, 18.3 per cent had two cases, and 2.8 per cent -three or more cases. During the follow-up period, 28.2 per cent of the examined boys had cases in court, including 14.1 per cent who had cases in family courts only, 7.6 per cent who had cases in ordinary courts only, and 6.5 per cent who had cases both in family and in ordinary courts. Within the whole of the examined period (both anamnesis and follow-up period), nearly half of the examined boys were convicted: 29.4 per cent had cases in family courts only, 5.3 per cent- in ordinary courts only, and 14.1 per cent-both in family and in ordinary courts. Therefore, every second boy from the group with intense and cumulated symptoms of social maladjustment had cases in court within the examined period, while every fourth one from the entire population had been convicted. Poor material and housing conditions of the family, insufficient care of children, broken home and bad conjugal life of the parents were not found to be significantly connected with the delinquency of the examined boys. Instead, a correlation of statistical significance was found between delinquency and excessive drinking of the fathers, their own criminal records and periods of imprisonment, as well as between the sons' delinquency and the lack of elementary education of the parents. On the other hand, no difference was found between delinquents and non-delinquents as regards the teachers' estimation of their intelligence level and learning difficulties pointed out by their mothers and themselves. None of the biopsychical variables taken into account in the study was found to differentiate both groups: lowered level of intelligence, eyesight defect, hearing defect, disturbances of speech, dyslexia, probable past lesions of the central nervous system, troubles with concentration, very slow rate of working. Persisting neurotic symptoms. Indeed, these factors were present rather more frequently among the non-delinquent boys, distinctly connected with their learning problems and school failures. On the other hand, delinquents actually repeated classes more frequently than non-delinquents, got bad marks in various subjects, and their learning progress was estimated as worse by the teachers. Delinquent boys more frequently behaved badly at school beginning from the lowest standards, they played truant from various lessons, were disobedient and disturbed the course of the lessons, had lower marks for behaviour and stated that they did not like school. The socially maladjusted delinquents used to spend time in company of friends older than themselves more often than the non-delinquent boys; they themselves described those friends as badly behaved and drinking alcohol. They were also substantially more often connected with groups of juvenile delinquents according to the teachers' opinion. They revealed a considerably larger intensity of symptoms of social maladjustment. Among these symptoms, only the frequency of aggressive behaviour failed to differentiate the delinquent and non-delinquent boys, which means that as regards the individually examined group, the result concerning the entire population was confirmed. Therefore, the delinquency of the examined persons was related to the greater intensity of their social maladjustment, to their negative family environment and their school situation connected not only with objective learning difficulties but also with the child's reluctant attitude towards school and teachers, and with the teachers' disfavourable opinion of his learning progress and behaviour. It is also worth mentioning that in the control group of 151 schoolboys who were not indicated by the teachers as revealing symptoms of social maladjustment, only one person was found who had been convicted by court during the entire examined period.

16

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ШКОЛИ І СІМ’Ї У ВИХОВАННІ ШКОЛЯРІВ

63%

Колишкіна А.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

|

issue 3(47)

283-291

EN

This article summarizes the various attempts of the scientists to determine the feature interaction as a social mechanism. The analysis of the nature and structure of the concept of «interaction» during which it is important to turn to the consideration of the categories «educational cooperation» and «synergy» is given. It is shown that the interaction is an independent category of pedagogy which is different from «joint activity» and the problem of interaction between educational institutions is more multifaceted than the educational aspect of union forces in joint activity. School and family should work so that the children always felt unity as different and sometimes conflicting demands of adults, leading to uncertainty about the child. The concept of the unity of education, psychological and pedagogical aspects is analyzed. Psychological clarifications provide real opportunities and a full understanding of all teachers’ educational objectives. The teaching aspect aims to create educational situation in school and in the family that puts students to the need to behave according to the rules of conduct. Undoubtedly, the educational objectives should not contradict each other. The basis of interaction between school and family on the principle of «impact on the family because of the child» is presented. The centre of attention is teaching a child who thus becomes a kind of tutor own parents, though not always aware of it. The child is a link between school and family, a consolidating centre, the main figure of collective pedagogical work, which is built around a holistic educational process. The grounded structural components in the system of interaction between school and family, the functions specified interaction of school and family formation about environmentally sound behaviour of primary school pupils (diagnostic, prognostic, values, and organizational management, reflexive) and the definition of key concepts problems are characterized. The scientists and practicing teachers for the most part unanimous that the interaction of school and family is an important process that has a sufficient opportunity to provide a family psychological and educational assistance to the education of children, primarily due to increased pedagogical culture of the parents.

17

СПЕЦИФІКА ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В ЕТНІЧНИХ СТУДЕНТСЬКИХ ТОВАРИСТВАХ БУКОВИНИ АВСТРО-УГОРСЬКОГО ТА РУМУНСЬКОГО ПЕРІОДІВ

63%

Марина К.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2017

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issue 5(69)

108-124

EN

The purpose of this study, determined by the author, was to analyze the objective, tasks, regularities and peculiarities of the educational activities of ethnic student organizations operating in Chernivtsi University in the Austro-Hungarian and Romanian historical periods. The author states that students of Bukovyna University represented all the basic ethnic groups of the region, and, of course, its representatives became the most active members of the social movement. The main components of the education of such ethnic student societies as the Romanian “Arboroasa” (22.12.1875), “Junimea” (“Youth”, December 1878), German corps “Gotia” (13.05.1987), “Dacia” (1876), “Alemania” (13.05.1877), Polish “Ognisko” (December 27, 1877), etc. were considered in the article. The popularity of the first Romanian student association “Arboroasa” is proved by the following data: 44 out of 54 Romanian students immediately expressed a desire to become its members. The purpose of this society’s activity was to bring up intelligent, cultural members of the society with a well-defined national identity, as well as the development of charity in a social context. Based on the statute, their main directions were identified as patriotic, cultural and educational, charitable and entertaining. The main forms of activity were: conferences on national history and literature, outgoing literary and musical evenings. The purpose of this society’s activity was to bring up intelligent, cultural members of the society with a well-defined national identity, as well as the development of charity in a social context. Based on the statute, their main directions were identified as patriotic, cultural and educational, charitable and entertaining. The author examines in detail the reasons for the closure of societies, analyzes aspects of the public reaction to this action of the Austro-Hungarian and Romanian authorities, and discusses the historical prospects for the development of the national social movement. The study identified the specifics of the above-mentioned societies: social patronage of socially unprotected youth and students (“Junimea”), support of the university authorities allowed the society to introduce, in addition to classical forms of activity, “expensive” forms of activity: celebrations, national holidays and balls (German societies).

18

Psychologia społeczna a materializm historyczny.

63%

Pytlik M.

Nowa Krytyka

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2016

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issue 37

149-172

EN

Historical materialism and social psychology are in deep and underestimated relationship. As historical materialism constitutes a theoretical framework for social psychology, the social psychology brings a great amount of data which updates the Marxist legacy. The problem often raised is psychology’s focus on individual and explaining the whole reality from its point of view whereas historical materialism definitely stands on the position of methodological anti-individualism. Nevertheless individualistic social psychology does not deny the anti-individualistic approach in social sciences in general. Individuals are social, are part of society and even if individual consciousness and practice are not conclusive for social processes, they must be examined with the same respect. There is a space for individualism in Marxism as well. One of the keypoints of historical materialism is mutual relation between social conditions reflecting in consciousness and humans transforming these conditions through their material practice. This assumption considered from individualistic perspective is equal with human entity shaped by its social relations and historical circumstances and transforming these relations through its behaviour. It corresponds with definitions of social psychology – individuals’ thinking, feeling and behaving stems from their social setup, but they influence this setup as well. The Marxist social psychology is then legit and can be continued with the psychology’s data already collected.

19

Quality of Life as Interdisciplinary Problem

63%

Gerasymczuk W., Bacylewa O.

Roczniki Teologiczne

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2018

|

vol. 65

|

issue 1: Praca socjalna

127-135

EN

The aim of the study is to review existing approaches and traditions regarding the definition and study of quality of life based on the analysis of literary data and the results of their own observations. The concept of quality of life is part of the category-conceptual apparatus of various social, natural and economic sciences. It is the fact that the quality of life is the object of studying representatives of different fields of scientific knowledge, which leads to quite different approaches to its study. The quality of life, as a complex psychophysiological and psychosocial construct, can be defined as a combination of personality relationships associated with a subjective understanding of the value of health and the need for self-realization, including in conditions of illness. Today, more and more quality of life is seen as a complex indicator, a system construct that has a complex multifactorial organization. The study of quality of life deserves special attention, based on the study of the needs and interests of the individual, which are always individual and are reflected in subjective representations, assessments and attitudes.

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przegląd istniejących podejść naukowych pozwalających na zdefiniowanie pojęcia jakości życia. Jakość życia jest częścią aparatu kategorii pojęciowych w naukach społecznych, przyrodniczych i ekonomicznych. Faktem jest, że jakość życia jest przedmiotem badań przedstawicieli różnych dziedzin wiedzy naukowej, które to stosują odmienną metodologię badań w tym zakresie. Właśnie fakt wielodyscyplinarności pojęcia jakości życia wyznacza konieczność szeroko zakrojonych badań i analiz. Jakość życia należy więc traktować jako kompleksowy konstrukt psychofizjologicznych i psychospołecznych czynników, skupionych wobec ogółu cech osobowościowych związanych z subiektywnym rozumieniem wartości zdrowia oraz potrzeby samorealizacji, również uwzględniając sytuację choroby. Aktualnie coraz częściej jakość życia jest postrzegana jako złożony system, posiadający wielowymiarową strukturę. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują badania jakości życia oparte na diagnozie potrzeb i interesów osoby, które zawsze są indywidualne i mają swoje odzwierciedlenie w osobistych poglądach, ocenach oraz postawach.

20

Big data, inferred data and the future of remaining human – between abdormission and horripilation

63%

Koszarny P.

Cybersecurity and Law

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2020

|

vol. 4

|

issue 2

95-104

EN

Cyberspace as a virtual venue for communication and information offers its users potentials the consequences of which can be debated from different angles. The critique coming from respectable professional sources highlights some of the risks in the system. Cyberspace has accelerated a fundamental transformation in consumption and increased the use of digital services. It reinforced digital business models’ dominant position at the expense of more traditional businesses. Tech giants showed how vital is big data and inferred data derived from the Internet users’ activity. Today hardly anyone can ridicule or dismiss as bizarre stories of censorship, malevolence, manipulation, fake news, fraud or actions of distinct ideological flavour. Hardly anyone mentions the fate of the human being who has drifted into the domain of illusion.

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ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНО ДОЦІЛЬНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ УЧНІВПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ

Maltese Youth and the Environment: A Qualitative Study

Institutions: Uncertainty in Definition of the Term. A Brief Look at the history: 1890-1930

Knowledge and Behaviour

Tożsamość czynu jako podstawa różnicowania mechanizmów redukujących odpowiedzialność karną

THE INVOLVEMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE LIGHT OF THE RESEARCH RESULTS

Real-Life Frustration from Virtual Worlds: The Motivational Potential of Frustration

MUSIC AS MEANS TO SUPPORT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOUR OF PREADOLESCENTS

Kierunek biologiczny we współczesnej kryminologii

Covert forms of aggressive behaviour among girls

Pewność jako perspektywa poznawcza. Anty-nowożytne pojęcie pewności

Spożycie produktów żywnościowych w wielkomiejskich gospodarstwach domowych w Polsce w okresie kryzysu finansowo-ekonomicznego

Managing traffic behavior: A theoretical examination of aggressive driving through a Markovian model

Customers’ Perceptions as an Antecedent of Satisfaction with Online Retailing Services

Karalność uczniów nieprzystosowanych społecznie

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ШКОЛИ І СІМ’Ї У ВИХОВАННІ ШКОЛЯРІВ

СПЕЦИФІКА ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В ЕТНІЧНИХ СТУДЕНТСЬКИХ ТОВАРИСТВАХ БУКОВИНИ АВСТРО-УГОРСЬКОГО ТА РУМУНСЬКОГО ПЕРІОДІВ

Psychologia społeczna a materializm historyczny.

Quality of Life as Interdisciplinary Problem

Big data, inferred data and the future of remaining human – between abdormission and horripilation