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Kryzysy demograficzne w Małopolsce w końcu XVII i pierwszej połowie XVIII wieku. Zarys problematyki

100%
Miodunka P.
Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski
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2015
|
vol. 37
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issue 4
7-37
EN
The article deals with demographic questions on the basis of baptism (birth) registers from eleven parishes situated in various parts of Southern Lesser Poland. A special attention has been paid to the periods when in all the analysed parishes there was a sharp and substantial decrease in births. Thus, two major crises (1714–1715 and 1735–1736) and a few milder ones (1675, 1691, 1694, 1699–1700, 1709–1710, 1732 and 1746) have been identified. A detailed quarterly observation of fecundations during the selected three crises (the first half of the 1690s, 1714–1715, and 1736–1736) juxtaposed with the quarterly prices of rye, oats, buckwheat, and peas from Cracow and Warsaw prove that they were food crises. It has been confirmed by narrative sources, which mention a severe famine in 1714–1715 and 1736–1736. Those years of famine coincided with the years when the quantity of corn sent to Gdańsk was at the lowest level in the first half of the 18th century.
2
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The Analysis of Births and Household Poverty Levels with the Consideration of the Material Effect of the ‘Family 500 Plus’ Programme

88%
Rajfur P., Rajfur J., Hys K.
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
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2020
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issue 1(51)
18-29
EN
Objectives: The objective of the article is to assess the performance of the Polish government’s family policy programme known as the ‘Family 500 Plus’ programme, with special consideration of the material effect. In this study, the authors attempt to assess the performance of the ‘ Family 500 Plus’ programme (Journal of Laws of 2016, item 195 as amended) in the first years of its operation, answering the question about whether the implementation of the government’s family policy programme has contributed to an increase in births and a decrease in the level of poverty in households in Poland. Research Design & Methods: The authors conducted research on the chosen indicators, using the method of incomplete induction based on inductivism and verificationism. The study relies on the literature review and desk research. The analysis made use of statistical data provided by the Central Statistical Office (GUS). In the preparation of this article, legal acts placed on the Website of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland – as well as relevant scientific publications – were used. Findings: Since the launch of the ‘Family 500 Plus’ programme, the number of births has clearly been gradually increasing. In the analysed period, we have laso observed positive birth changes within large families. The developmental trend of births showed an upward tendency in the first two years of the Act in force and changed in 2018. This clear change can be observed in the area of extreme poverty in households in 2015–2018. In households with at least two children up to the age of 18, there was a change in the extent of extreme poverty by almost 50%, which was approaching the extreme poverty line in a given year in Poland. Implications & Recommendations: In view of the changes in trends in the number of births observed since 2018 as well as the extent of extreme poverty in households, the authors recommend further observation and analysis of the indicators presented in this study. Contribution / Value Added: The presented analysis of the indicators and the observation of development trends will allow for a proper adjustment of family policy. In the future, this might make it easier for the public authorities to take appropriate decisions concerning family policy. Article classification: research article
3
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Rodziny w Polsce – charakterystyka demograficzna

75%
Pawlus M.
Studia BAS
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2016
|
issue 1(45)
7-30
EN
The article describes the Polish families in light of demographic characteristics and trends of major demographic phenomena observed between 2000 and 2014. In the first section the author presents selected data on vital statistics, including marriages, separations, divorces, births. The second part focuses on the crucial data on the size and structure of households and families. The brief examination of this question is conducted of the basis of Population and Housing Census 2011.
4
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Krakowskie ceny zbóż a ruch urodzeń w parafiach na południe od Krakowa od XVII do XVIII wieku

63%
Midunka P.
Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski
|
2016
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vol. 38
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issue 38, 2016, nr 4
7-35
PL
Celem artykułu było zbadanie, na ile zmiany ceny zbóż w Krakowie (na przykładzie ceny żyta) pozostawały w związku z fluktuacjami urodzeń wiejskich parafii położonych w południowej części historycznego województwa krakowskiego. W tym celu zrekonstruowano prawie kompletną serię cen żyta w latach 1600–1795 poprzez uzupełnienie jej cenami innych produktów roślinnych metodą regresji liniowej. Do analizy zmian w liczbie urodzeń posłużyły dane o chrztach z samego Krakowa oraz kilku parafii położonych w różnej odległości od miasta – centrum rynku zbożowego. W przypadku liczby chrztów luki w większości nie były możliwe do uzupełnienia. Wykorzystanie filtru Hodricka-Prescotta ułatwiło analizę ceny żyta oraz chrztów tak pod kątem wahań cyklicznych, jak i długookresowych tendencji. Analizę oparto na założeniu, że wahania ceny żyta znajdowały odbicie w jednokierunkowych zmianach kondycji wszystkich gospodarstw chłopskich, zarówno samowystarczalnych żywnościowo, jak i nabywających zboże na rynku lokalnym. Na kluczowe pytanie o siłę związku między koniunkturą rolniczą wyrażoną przez cenę żyta a poziomem urodzeń w podkrakowskich parafiach wiejskich odpowiedź zależała od przyjętej metody usuwania trendu. Negatywna zależność korelacyjna ujawniła się jedynie po oczyszczeniu danych filtrem Hodricka-Prescotta i dotyczyła przeważnie roku bieżącego, jak i następnego względem ceny żyta. Słaba korelacja wystąpiła w najbliższych Krakowowi badanych parafiach, silniejsza w niektórych oddalonych o 20–30 km, najsilniejsza zaś w najbardziej odległej i górzystej parafii Rabka. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdzają występowanie ujawnionej już w innych częściach Europy zależności między koniunkturą rolniczą wyrażoną cenami zbóż a urodzeniami, zwracając dodatkowo uwagę na największą podatność regionów deficytowych w zboża chlebowe, wrażliwych tak na anomalie pogodowe, jak i zwyżkę cen w rejonie zaopatrzenia.
EN
The article is aimed at an analysis of how the prices of cereals in Cracow (exemplified with rye) were related to the fluctuations of births in rural parishes situated in the southern part of the historical Cracow Voivodeship. An almost complete series of the prices of rye in the years 1600–1795 has been reconstructed, which was supplemented with the prices of vegetable products and the linear regression method. The data on baptisms in Cracow and several parishes near that town, the centre of the cereal market, have been used to analyse the changes in the number of births. In the case of the number of baptisms the gaps were not usually possible to fill in. The use of the Hodrick-Prescott filter facilitated the analysis of the prices of rye and the baptisms, both in their cyclical changes and long-term tendencies. The analysis was based on the assumption that the changes in the prices of rye were reflected in the one-way changes of the situation of all the peasants’ farms, both the food self-sufficient ones and the ones that purchased cereals on the local market. The answer to the key question concerning the strength of the relation between the agricultural situation expressed in the prices of rye and the level of births in the rural parishes around Cracow depended on the method of removing the trend. The negative correlation appeared after removing the data with the Hodrick-Prescott filter and in most cases concerned the current year and the subsequent one after appearing the price of rye. A weak correlation was observed in the parishes that were situated near Cracow, stronger – in the parishes 20–30 km away from Cracow, and the strongest – in the parish of Rabka, the most outlying one. The results confirm the relation – already observed in other parts of Europe – between the agricultural situation expressed in the prices of rye and the births. At the same time the analysis revealed that the regions where bread cereals were in short supply were more sensitive to weather and changes in the prices of cereals.
5
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Przynależność Jawornika do administracji cywilnej i kościelnej oraz jego ludność w latach 1860-1945

51%
Chuchla A.
Resovia Sacra : Studia Teologiczno-Filozoficzne Diecezji Rzeszowskiej
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2015
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issue 22
71-98
EN
he subject matter of the article „The membership of Jawornik to the civil and ecclesiastical administration and its population from 1860 - 1945” is showing the movement of the population of the country of Jawornik in Niebylec commune from 1860 to 1945, with the division into four periods: from 1860 to 1896, from 1897 to 1917, from 1918 to 1939 and from 1939 to 1945, in the context of contemporary personal law. The article consists of two parts: the first one shows the civil and ecclesiastical administration of Jawornik and contemporary personal law, the second one illustrates the natural movement of people with introduction of demographic dynamics. There are also such respective events in the area of births, marriages, and deaths with showing their number, structure and other characteristic features. There are the numbers of twin births, names of midwifes, the number of extramarital births, most frequent reasons of deaths, the age of deceased and their percentage in respective age groups. There also are the numbers of signed marriages, the age of spouses, place of living of future spouses, the place of living of women, most often chosen by Jawornik boys and the place of living of the boys, chosen by Jawornik girls. There also are the months when the weddings were organised. The article is a look on Jawornik from the point of view of the number and movement of the population.
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