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Structuring Corporate Boards: Some Facts and Determinants from the Macedonian Setting

100%
Suklev B., Debarliev S., Drakulevski L.
Central European Management Journal
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2020
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vol. 28(2)
57-82
EN
Purpose: Knowing the factors that might affect board structure is an important step in understanding boards and their role in corporate governance. This research aims to examine the effect of firm characteristics closely related to corporate governance mechanisms, such as the model of corporate governance, shareholder capital concentration, and stock exchange listing on board structure variables (size, independence, and gender diversity). Methodology: The sample of this study stems from large Macedonian joint-stock companies. We run a hierarchical linear regression of board characteristics on common demographic firm characteristics as control variables and contextual firm characteristics related to corporate governance mechanisms as independent variables. Findings: Joint-stock companies in the Republic of North Macedonia have relatively small boards, which provide no positive effects that would originate from the larger number of board members. Moreover, the number of outside independent members is small, insufficient to influence the boards with greater objectivity, independence, and quality. Larger companies with a one-tier model have statistically significant larger corporate boards and a larger number of independent directors. Implications: The best corporate governance practices worldwide must be used as a basis for future improvements of corporate governance in joint-stock companies in developing economies.
2
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Board diversity, audit committee characteristics and audit quality: The moderating role of control-ownership wedge

100%
Mustafa A. S., Che-Ahmad A., Chandren S.
Business and Economic Horizons
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2018
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vol. Volume 14
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issue Issue 3
587-614
EN
This study illustrates how control-ownership wedge impacts the monitoring role of the corporate board through the quality of audit services in Turkey. Turkey has made essential amendments in the field of external audit in order to enhance the quality of the financial report and integrate its own capital market with that of the EU. It would be of interest to examine the influence of these changes on clients' demand for high quality audit. The agency theory is integrated with the resource dependence theory to show that boards possess distinct incentives and ability to demand high quality audit to monitor management activities. Logistic regression and feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) were used for regression estimations. The results indicate that board demographics, cognitive and structural diversity of board of directors, audit committee characteristics and audit quality are complementary and control-ownership wedge weakens the relationship between them which is an unfavorable outcome for minority shareholders. Thus, this study proposes that regulators should increase law enforcement to enhance good corporate governance in Turkey to accommodate the unique features of wedge firms and provide a protected environment for minority shareholders.
3
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Bold vision: Gender diversity stuck in transition

100%
Evans G. L.
Economics and Business Review
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2018
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vol. 4(18)
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issue 4
97-114
EN
Canada is often put forward as an example of forward thinking on inclusiveness and gender balance. However, for the last 30 years, while gender diversity progress has been made within Canadian government agencies, commissions and boards (ABCs), the private sector continues to lag behind, stuck trying to break through the barrier of 18–22% females on Boards. This occurs while mounting empirical evidence clearly indicates that it is not just the right thing to do, it is the smart thing to do. This paper looks at where progressive government change has generated results and potential avenues necessary to make gender equality a reality within both the government and private sector beyond 2018. The author reviews the methods used by the Canadian government to achieve gender parity, ending with some insights on how the private sector could implement gender parity without the use of quotas.
4
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Board Homophily, Board Diversity and Network Centrality

72%
Zdziarski M., Czerniawska D.
Problemy Zarządzania
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2016
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issue 2/2016 (60), t.2
117-133
EN
The relationships of multiple firms linked by interlocking directors are among classic subjects of studies within the social network approach in organizational research. Interlocking directorates enable exchange of information and resources between two or more firms that are linked by a director who participates in their boards. The phenomenon of interlocking directorates is a major area of research in management, sociology and political science, and has been investigated across different countries, cultures and governance systems. We present a study of interlocking directorates linking boards of firms that are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The main aim of this paper is to investigate if board diversity and board homophily are related to positions in an interlocking directorates network. We apply methods of social network analysis.
PL
Relacje firm powiązanych przez dyrektorów zasiadających w wielu radach należą do klasycznych obszarów badań nurtu sieciowego w domenie nauk organizacji i zarządzania. Powiązania rad umożliwiają wymianę informacji i zasobów między dwoma lub więcej firmami powiązanymi ze względu na występowanie w ich organach zarządzających i/lub kontrolnych tych samych osób. Fenomen powiązań rad firm jest przedmiotem wielu badań w naukach o zarządzaniu, socjologii i naukach politycznych realizowanych w różnych krajach, kulturach o odmiennych systemach ładu korporacyjnego. Przedstawiamy w artykule badanie powiązań rad firm notowanych na warszawskiej Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych. Głównym celem prezentowanych badań jest przedstawienie zależności między zróżnicowaniem składu rady, zjawiskiem hemofilii rad a centralnością ich pozycji w sieci relacji międzyorganizacyjnych tworzonych przez powiązania rad. W artykule wykorzystano metody analiz sieci społecznych.
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