Search results

1

Body mass analysis in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis

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Popławska-Kita A., Siewko K., Telejko B., Kościuszko-Zdrodowska M., Hryniewicka J., Szelachowska M., Milewski R., Górska M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 1

18-23

EN

Introduction: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune thyroid disorders and o the most common cause of hypothyroidism, but the relation between TSH and body mass is still unclear. Material and methods: The group studied consisted of 53 patients with HT in euthyreosis and 28 healthy individuals. All the patients underwent thyroid ultrasonography and body mass analysis with the use of a medical analyzer INBODY 200. Blood samples were also analyzed for TSH and anti-thyroid antibodies. Results: The patients with HT had higher body mass (p=0.008), body mass index (BMI) (p=0.02), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) (0.01) and fat mass (p=0.02) than had the controls. In HT group increased body mass was observed in 72% of the patients (overweight in 38% and obesity in 35% of them), as compared with 38% of overweight/obesity in the control group. Thyroid volume was significantly lower (p=0.01) and anti-peroxidase antibodies level was two times higher in the group with the treatment period > 2 years, but the patients with relatively short treatment period were 7 kg heavier and their fat mass was 6 kg higher than in the subjects treated longer than 2 years. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the patients with HT, even in euthyreosis, have significantly higher body mass, BMI, WHR and fat mass than healthy individuals, which is probably associated with previous disturbances that led to the increase in fat mass at the stage of hypothyroidism. The observed changes tend to normalize during L-thyroxine replacement therapy.

2

Zinc in fibromyalgia patients: relationship with body mass index and sleep quality

100%

Yiğit E.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2022

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issue 4

423-429

EN

Introduction and aim. Given the potential relationship between oxidative stress and fibromyalgia and well-documented antioxidant efficacy of zinc, the present study aimed to determine serum zinc concentration in FM patients as compared to healthy controls, as well as to identify the correlation of serum zinc concentration with the body mass index (BMI) and sleep quality. Material and methods. In this case-control study, 54 fibromyalgia patients were consecutively recruited between October 01, 2021 and December 01, 2021. The control group consisted of 54 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results. Fibromyalgia group had significantly lower zinc concentration, higher body mass index, and lower sleep quality scores as compared to the healthy control group. The correlation analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between serum zinc concentration and body mass index and a significantly positive correlation between serum zinc concentration and sleep quality both in fibromyalgia and healthy control groups. Conclusion. Our results both support the hypothesis that low serum zinc concentration plays a role in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia and indicate that fibromyalgia may lead to weight gain and poor sleep quality, which needs to be confirmed in large-cohort studies.

3

Night shift work and modifiable lifestyle factors

100%

Pepłońska B., Burdelak W., Krysicka J., Bukowska A., Marcinkiewicz A., Sobala W., Klimecka-Muszyńska D., Rybacki M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2014

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vol. 27

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issue 5

693-706

EN

Objectives: Night shift work has been linked to some chronic diseases. Modification of lifestyle by night work may partially contribute to the development of these diseases, nevertheless, so far epidemiological evidence is limited. The aim of the study was to explore association between night shift work and lifestyle factors using data from a cross-sectional study among blue-collar workers employed in industrial plants in Łódź, Poland. Material and Methods: The anonymous questionnaire was self-administered among 605 employees (236 women and 369 men, aged 35 or more) - 434 individuals currently working night shifts. Distribution of the selected lifestyle related factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), number of main meals and the hour of the last meal was compared between current, former, and never night shift workers. Adjusted ORs or predicted means were calculated, as a measure of the associations between night shift work and lifestyle factors, with age, marital status and education included in the models as covariates. Results: Recreational inactivity (defined here as less than one hour per week of recreational physical activity) was associated with current night shift work when compared to never night shift workers (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.13-5.22) among men. Alcohol abstinence and later time of the last meal was associated with night shift work among women. Statistically significant positive relationship between night shift work duration and BMI was observed among men (p = 0.029). Conclusions: This study confirms previous studies reporting lower exercising among night shift workers and tendency to increase body weight. This finding provides important public health implication for the prevention of chronic diseases among night shift workers. Initiatives promoting physical activity addressed in particular to the night shift workers are recommended.

4

Association between body mass and physical activity with quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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Anna Świtała A., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Kinga Czerwińska K., Katarzyna Dereń K., Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz J., Agnieszka Guzik A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2017

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issue 3

200–205

EN

Introduction. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive joint condition that leads to joints destruction and complications in the internal organs and significantly affects the a patient’s functional, physical, psychological and social condition. Over the last few years, research into the quality of life (QoL) in people with chronic disease has been conducted to assess the results of treatment. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess QoL in various areas of life in regards to physical and mental functioning, social relations, and environmental influences in people with RA. Material and methods. The study group (subjects with RA) and the control group (subjects without RA) consisted of 48 people each. Subject age ranged from 19 to 68. In order to assess QoL, the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used, while socio-demographic data were assessed with a questionnaire developed by the authors. Results. QoL in people with RA was lower than that of healthy individuals. The worst QoL was observed in the physical domain. No statistically significant association was found between BMI and QoL. It was found, however, that subjects with RA and a higher level of physical activity had a better QoL than those with a lower level of physical activity. Conclusion. There was no association between the body mass of RA patients and QoL assessment. However, an association was found between the level of physical activity in people with RA and QoL in the physical and environmental domain.

5

Assessment of knowledge about obesity among students in a medical college in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu

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Shrivastava S., Shrivastava P., Ramasamy J.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2013

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vol. 3

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issue 1

54-60

EN

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk for global deaths. It is not only the degree of excess fat that is important, but also its distribution in the body that determines the health risks associated with the condition. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge of medical students pertaining to obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among first-year medical students in March of 2013. A universal sampling method was employed, and all first-year students were included as subjects in the study. The total sample included 138 students. After obtaining informed consent, a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was admini-stered to each of the participants. Utmost care was taken to maintain privacy and confidentiality. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17. Frequency distributions and percentages were calculated for all the variables. Results: A lack of physical activity and the presence of stress were identified as the most common risk factors for obesity development. Approximately, 73(52.9%) students were of the incorrect opinion that gynaecoid obesity was more dangerous than android obesity. The most common strategy cited by 107(77.5%) respondents for prevention of obesity was regular exercise. Conclusion: The study revealed that although the majority of the medical students were aware of the risk factors of obesity, many gaps, which need to be bridged, were identified in their knowledge. These medical students could be actively involved in awareness campaigns for delaying the onset of lifestyle diseases.

6

Relationship between social media addiction and bodyweight

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Tatar S., Özdemir A., Altuntaş Z. S., Mercimekçi S., Aypak C.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2023

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issue 1

14-18

EN

Introduction and aim. Social media addiction is increasing rapidly due to the widespread use of smartphones and the availability of the internet. Also, social media addiction constitutes a risk factor for many physical and mental diseases. We aimed to determine the frequency of social media addiction among obese patients. Material and methods. Adult patients who were admitted to the Diet Clinic of a tertiary healthcare hospital in order to lose weight enrolled in the study. A questionnaire including; Social Media Addiction Scale, body mass index (BMI), and demographic information (age, sex) was applied to all participants. Participants were grouped as obese, overweight, and normal weight. Results. A total of 179 patients (mean age: 34.1±12.6 years) enrolled in the study. No difference in sex was found (45.2% women, 47.3% men). Approximately half of the study population was found to be social media addicts. Participants younger than 45 years of age were found to have higher rates of social media addiction (X2 = 4.26; p<0.05). The frequency of social media addiction was found to increase with increasing BMI (41.7%, 43.6%, and 48%; respectively). Conclusion. Social media addiction is prevalent and it is also more frequent in younger adults. Learning more about social media addiction and its relationship with obesity can decrease its health consequence.

7

Development of Walking and Self-sufficiency Ability Related to Nutrition among People with Down Syndrome

100%

Brantmüller É., Gyuró M., Karácsony I.

Practice and Theory in Systems of Education

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 2

165-176

EN

Development of the walking ability and self-care of patients with Down syndrome is affected by their body weight determining their lifestyle to a great extent. Objectives: The study aimed at the determination of body mass index for persons living in residential institutions and families, exploration its impact on walking and self-care as two, objective factors of life quality. Method: Data collection of persons aged 3-35 with Down syndrome living in families covered seven counties, while those of living in residential institutions covered thirteen counties in Hungary. In the 183 cases studied 76 people in residential institutions, 107 people lived in families. The cross-sectional study was processed by non-random sample selection. The questionnaires were filled out by health visitors and care takers edited by their own. Results: 50.6% of adults and 26.1% of children belonged to the overweight or obese category. Their residence showed a significant correlation with the body mass index (p< 0.001). Overweight and obese persons in families, while thin ones were more prevalent in institutions. Regarding the walking ability and self-care of the persons living in families a significantly higher level of development was achieved (p< 0.001). Walking ability (p = 0.001) and self-care (p = 0,008) were worsened by less body weight significantly, while overweight or obesity influenced it less negatively. Discussion: The claim is not further acceptable whereas persons with Down syndrome are more prone to obesity than average people. However unfavourable weight gain in adults draws attention to the necessity to a healthy diet and regular exercise. The people living in residential institutions with significantly lower body mass index and the associated low development of walking ability and self-care envisages an urgent reform of residential institutions. Life in the institutions negatively affects the walking ability and self-care, and thus significantly reduces the quality of life of persons with Down's syndrome.

8

Obesity – is it really so bad for a patient with coronary heart disease?

100%

Pogorzelski S., Kuźma Ł., Struniawski K., Wróblewski D., Gajewska_Bachórzewska, H, Dobrzycki S.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

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vol. 8(2)

194-201

EN

According to American Obesity Medicine Association obesity is a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial, neurobehavioral disease, wherein an increase in body fat promotes adipose tissue dysfunction and abnormal fat mass physical forces, resulting in adverse metabolic, biomechanical, and psychosocial health consequences. Obesity has been renowned as a risk factor of cardiovascular, endocrinological, orthopedic and many other diseases. But for the last two decades, there have been many reports of beneficial influence of overweight or obesity on patients with coronary heart disease. This phenomenon got a name of obesity paradox. It’s existence is a matter of lively discussion in medical world, and even if true, the protecting mechanisms of obesity need much deeper understanding.

9

Association of menopausal symptoms with obesity in Slovak women

88%

Luptáková L., Siváková D., Čerňanová V., Cvíčelová M., Danková Z.

Anthropological Review

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2014

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vol. 77

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issue 1

57-66

EN

A lot of midlife women experience a great deal of menopausal symptoms. Their frequency within a given population may vary and depend on several factors such as age, menopausal status, health factors, including obesity. This study aims to investigate the incidence of menopausal symptoms among obese and non-obese midlife women, and to evaluate contribution of obesity as predisposing factor for menopausal symptoms to their manifestation. The studied cohort consisted of 297 women ranging from 39 to 59 years of age. Among them there were 63 women with obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) and of 39 women with abdominal obesity (waist to hip ratio, WHR>0.89). Women were recruited from the western and middle parts of Slovakia. All participants completed a menopause-specific questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken using the standard anthropometric techniques. All statistical computations were performed by the SPSS 17.0 software programme (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that increase in facial hair was influenced by age (p<0.001) and obesity (p=0.015). Low backache was influenced by WHR (p=0.031), obesity (p=0.008) and cardiovascular disease (p=0.024). The significant impact of BMI was recorded on the involuntary urination (p=0.002). The menopausal symptom „more clumsy then usual“ was influenced by marital status (p=0.044), hypertension (p=0.021) and the presence of cardiovascular disease (p=0.023). We investigated the effect of menopausal status (p=0.010) and abdominal obesity (p=0.035) on the loss of sexual interest. Herein we present evidence that obesity could be involved in menopausal symptomatology among Slovak midlife women. We demonstrate that obese women have a higher susceptibility to increase in facial hair and backache, and women with abdominal obesity to loss of sexual interest.

10

Association of FTO and TMEM18 polymorphisms with overweight and obesity in the population of Polish children

88%

Rosset I., Strapagiel D., Sitek A., Majewska M., Ostrowska-Nawarycz L., Żądzińska E.

Anthropological Review

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2016

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vol. 79

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issue 1

17-33

EN

The objective of the study was to verify whether or not FTO rs9939609, rs9926289 and TMEM18 rs4854344, rs6548238, rs2867125 variants are important risk factors for overweight and/or obesity in Polish children aged 6-16 (n=283). FTO rs 9939609 and rs9926289 exhibited a strong codominant obesity-predisposing effect of genotypes homozygous for minor alleles (OR=5.42, 95% CI: 2.04-14.39, p=0.0006). The important finding of the study is increased risk of overweight (OR=5.03, 95% CI: 1.15-21.93, p=0.0306) in individuals homozygous for the minor alleles rs4854344, rs6548238 and rs2867125 in the recessive inheritance model, while no other significant associations between TMEM18 variants and risk of obesity were found. Given the identified interaction TMEM18 genotype × BMI category (p=0.0077), it seems that the effect of homozygous for the minor alleles may be compared to a “weight guard”, which significantly increases the risk of overweight, but not of obesity, because it promotes weight gain only up to the threshold of obesity. Conclusion: The proposed hypothetical effect (“weight guard”) of homozygous for the minor alleles in the TMEM18 based on a rather small sample is a possible explanation of the effects of minor alleles, which minimize the risk of obesity.

11

Classification of Patients With Respect to Some Group of Factors

88%

Trzpiot G. G. A. T. c. o. f. r. o. t. P. P. E., Nowakowska-Zajdel E., Muc-Wierzgoń M., Trzpiot G., Janczarek A., Nowakowska-Zajdel Ewa D. o. I. D., Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń D. o. I. D., Grażyna Trzpiot D. o. S., Alicja Janczarek D. o. S.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2009

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vol. 228

PL

Bazując na wynikach analiz metod statystyki wielowymiarowej przeprowadzono klasyfikację grupy badanych pacjentów ze względu na grupę badanych cech. Celem analizy jest próba wyodrębnienia charakterystycznych grup czynników wśród pacjentów chorujących na raka jelita grubego w różnym stopniu zaawansowania klinicznego. Analizie poddano wybrane dane epidemiologiczne pochodzące z dokumentacji medycznej chorych z ustalonym rozpoznaniem - rak jelita grubego. Do analizy wykorzystano zmienne jakościowe: płeć, stopień zaawansowania klinicznego choroby, typ i złośliwość histopatologiczną, podział na osoby z wagą prawidłową, nadwagą i otyłością, podział ze względu na stężenie glukozy na czczo w surowicy krwi oraz współistnienie występowania innych chorób.

EN

In this paper a classification o f examined patients was carried out based on results o f multivariate analysis using classification trees. The aim o f the analysis was to identify characteristic factors describing groups o f patients suffering from colorectal cancer with different stage o f disease. Clinical data from medical documentation o f the patients with colon cancer were analyzed. Qualitative variables such as sex, clinical stage, histopathology type o f cancer and malignancy, weight class, glucose level class and coexistence with other illnesses were used in the analysis.

12

The emergence of obesity among Australian Aboriginal children

88%

Phillips N., Henneberg M., Norgan N., Schmitt L., Potter C., Ulijaszek S.

Anthropological Review

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2013

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vol. 76

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issue 1

101-107

EN

Obesity is of significant and growing concern among Australian Aboriginal children, and is linked to patterns of child growth. The aim of this paper is to show diverse patterns of growth and obesity emergence among Australian Aboriginal children using historical anthropometric data. Child growth in height, weight and body mass index (BMI) is reanalysed for children aged 2 to 19 years in Australian Aboriginal communities spanning two distinct time periods (the 1950s and 1960s; and the 1990s and 2000s) and six different geographical locations: Yuendumu, Haast’s Bluff, Beswick, Kalumburu, Gerard, and Raukkan. Comparisons of stature and BMI between the earlier and later years of measurement were made, and the proportion of children classified as overweight or obese by the International Obesity Task Force criteria estimated, to allow international comparison. Aboriginal children in the 1990s and 2000s were heavier, with higher BMI than those in the 1950s and 1960s, differences in height being less marked. While no children were classified as overweight or obese in the earlier period, 15% of males and 3% of females were classified so in the later period. The data suggests that the period of onset of the epidemic of overweight and obesity among rural Australian Aboriginal children was likely to have been between the 1960s and 1980s.

13

Maternal Nutritional Status and Lactational Amenorrhea in India: A Simulation Analysis

88%

Dwivedi L. K.

Statistics in Transition new series

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2013

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vol. 14

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issue 1

107-128

EN

Apart from breast-feeding, socio-economic and biological factors, maternal health also influences the length or distribution of waiting time to conception. The main objective of this paper is to examine the linkages between maternal nutritional status (measured by body mass index-BMI) and postpartum amenorrhea among currently breast-feeding women in India and its region. Further, the probability to remain amenorrheic through simulative approach has been estimated to get better understanding of the impact of maternal nutritional status on postpartum amenorrhea. Using National Family Health Survey-2 data, women who were not pregnant, who were breast-feeding and who were not using any hormonal contraceptives at the time of the survey were included in the analysis. Missing cases for body mass index and child nutritional status were imputed by fitting the linear regression equation. There was no significant difference existing between mean BMI of each region of India before and after imputation of missing cases. The interaction term between maternal nutritional status and duration of breast-feeding (child’s age) was significantly associated with the likelihood of having resumed menstruation after controlling for breast-feeding practices, child nutritional status and socio-economic and demographic covariates. The effect of maternal nutritional status on lactational amenorrhea was not found to be significant when women were breast-feeding since last 12 months except in the northern region of India. However, after 12 months of breast-feeding, the probability of undernourished women to remain amenorrheic was likely to be greater and this trend was highly consistent across all the six regions included in the analysis.

14

Association of FTO gene with obesity in Polish schoolchildren

75%

Sitek A., Rosset I., Strapagiel D., Majewska M., Ostrowska-Nawarycz L., Żądzińska E.

Anthropological Review

|

2014

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vol. 77

|

issue 1

33-44

EN

The goal of the study was verification of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene polymorphisms as significant risk factors of obesity in the population of Polish children. Body mass index (BMI) and DNA were evaluated, where DNA was extracted from saliva, collected from 213 children at the age of 6-13 years. DNA was genotyped by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and HRM (high resolution melting) techniques, as well as by direct sequencing. Three (3) FTO polymorphisms were identified: rs9939609, rs9926289 and rs76804286, the last polymorphism located between the first two. For the first time, absolute linkage disequilibrium (LD) of FTO gene rs9939609 and rs9926289 polymorphisms was confirmed in data for the Polish population (D’=1, r2=1). The lack of a complete dependence among the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the FTO gene was a consequence of the concurrence of homozygotes with minor alleles A of rs9939609+rs9926289 of FTO (AA+AA) with major alleles of rs76804286 (GG). A case-control association analysis for BMI in obese children (n=51), as compared to normal-weight children (n=162), was based on the effects of genotypes homozygous for the minor alleles of the studied SNPs in recessive and codominant inheritance models (assuming an independent effect of each genotype). A comparison of children with normal BMI with obese children indicate a strong co-dominant effect of a genotype in homozygotes of minor alleles (AA+AA) of completely linked rs9939609+rs9926289 (OR at age 8.89 ± 1.54 years=4.87, 95% CI 1.81-13.12, p=0.002). An almost five-fold increase of obesity risk in the examined children indicates that the genetic factors, associated with excessive body weight gain, exert stronger effects in the early period of ontogenetic development vs. puberty and adulthood. The role of genetic factors in predisposing to obesity declines with age

15

Quantification of lower extremity physical exposures in various combinations of sit/stand time duration associated with sit-stand workstation

75%

Pei H., Yu S., Babski-Reeves K., Chu J., Qu M., Tian B., Li W.

Medycyna Pracy

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2017

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vol. 68

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issue 3

315-327

EN

Background Sit-stand workstations are available for office work purposes but there is a dearth of quantitative evidence to state benefits for lower limb outcomes while using them. And there are no guidelines on what constitutes appropriate sit/stand time duration. The primary aim of this study has been to compare muscle activity and perceived discomfort in the lower extremity during various combinations of sit/stand time duration associated with a sit-stand workstation separately and to evaluate the effects of the sit-stand workstation on the lower extremity during the text entry task. Material and Methods During the 5 days, all participants completed a 2-h text entry task each day for various sit/stand time duration combinations as follows: 5/25 min, 10/20 min, 15/15 min, 20/10 min, 25/5 min. Lower extremity muscular exposure of 12 male and 13 female participants was collected at 8 sites by surface electromyography and body discomfort was calculated by a questionnaire under those 5 conditions. Results Results have demonstrated that lower extremity muscle activity has been significantly varied among the 5 sit/stand time duration groups. Perceived level of discomfort (PLD) has not differed significantly for 9 out of 10 body parts. Conclusions The muscle activity of the thigh region was influenced by sit/stand time duration significantly. Ergonomic exposures of lower extremity when using a sit-stand workstation were increased, particularly during the long time standing posture. Results indicate that body mass index (BMI) and gender were not significant factors in this study. Combination of sit/stand time duration 25/5 min appears to show positive effects on relief of muscle exposure of back of thigh in the shifts of sitting and standing work position. Med Pr 2017;68(3):315–327

16

Association of sports and physical activity with obesity among teenagers in Poland

75%

Glinkowska B., Glinkowski W. M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2018

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vol. 31

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issue 6

771-782

EN

Objectives The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between the body mass index and sports and physical activities in an unbiased, simple, random sample of teenagers from mid-northeastern Poland. Material and Methods Children and adolescents aged 10–19 years old were surveyed. The Internet-based survey was conducted to collect information on physical activity, leisure time, studying hours, weight, and height. Results Obesity was found to be low in the study population. The overall prevalence of overweight was not higher than 8%. Only 0.6% of participants were underweight. Overall, 68% of them confirmed participating in sports. Boys were frequently more active than girls (> 70% boys and > 60% girls). Participants mostly played soccer, volleyball, handball, or basketball (30.5%); 7% of them practiced martial arts and 16.5% of them participated in swimming. Sports activity significantly influenced body mass index. Obesity was not related to the lack of participation for physical activity in girls but a significant relationship was observed in boys (p < 0.02). The risk of obesity or overweight for inactive teenagers increased 2-fold (p < 0.01). Conclusions We report the overall participation of teenagers from 2 cities in mid-northeastern Poland in sports and physical activities and demonstrate that the lack of statistically significant differences in the body mass index and obesity and overweight is prevalent among boys and girls. Obesity was significantly related to less physical activity in boys, and the likelihood of obesity or overweight increased in inactive teenagers. Thus, we suggest that the importance of overweight and obesity prevention programs should be emphasized. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(6):771–782

17

Dietary habits and myocardial infarction in occupationally active men

75%

Bortkiewicz A., Gadzicka E., Siedlecka J., Szyjkowska A., Viebig P., Wranicz J. K., Kurpesa M., Trzos E., Makowiec-Dąbrowska T.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2019

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vol. 32

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issue 6

853-863

EN

Objectives Only a few studies have been undertaken to analyze the dietary habits of people with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary behaviors of working people who were hospitalized due to experiencing the first acute cardiovascular incident. Material and Methods In the study, the Functional Activity Questionnaire was used. The study was conducted in 2 groups. The first group included all the men hospitalized during 1 year (January–December 2009) in 2 clinics of cardiology, who were professionally active until the first myocardial infarction (MI). It comprised 243 men aged 26–70 years. The reference group consisted of 403 men, blue- and white-collar workers, aged 35–65 years. Results The body mass index of the MI patients was significantly higher (p = 0.006). The frequency of consumption of particular products in the MI group and in the reference group differed significantly for 11 of 21 products. The MI patients significantly less frequently reported the daily consumption of fruit, raw vegetables, cheese, vegetable oils and fish. In this group, the consumption of salty (p = 0.0226) or fatty (p < 0.0001) foods was significantly higher. It was shown that, after adjusting for age, education and the type of work, the daily consumption of fish, salads and cooked vegetables, as well as fruit and vegetable oils, significantly reduced the risk of myocardial infarction. An increased MI risk was, in turn, associated with obesity and preference for fatty foods. Conclusions The authors found that diet significantly modified the MI risk in the examined workers. This indicates that an important aspect of prevention activities among working people should involve education about proper dietary habits. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(6):853–63

18

Otyłość i jej znaczenie w chorobach układu krążenia Cz. 1. Otyłość jako czynnik ryzyka

51%

Kleinrok A., Głowa B.

Medical Review

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2015

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issue 2

165-172

PL

Otyłość jest stanem wynikającym z nadmiernego nagromadzenia tłuszczu w tkance tłuszczowej (tt) na podłożu genetycznym i środowiskowym. Według WHO jest defiiowana jako BMI powyżej 30 kg/m². Jest to choroba przewlekła, o zasięgu globalnym, stanowi epidemię XXI wieku. Jest czynnikiem ryzyka wielu chorób sercowo-naczyniowych (S-N), choroby wieńcowej (ChW), zawału serca (ZS), niewydolności serca (NS), udaru mózgu, zaburzeń metabolicznych, cukrzycy (DM), zespołu metabolicznego (ZM), dyslipidemii oraz powodem niepełnosprawności czy przedwczesnej śmierci. Wyróżnia się 3 fenotypy otyłości: otyłość metaboliczna z prawidłową masą ciała (MONW), otyłość androidalna (jabłko) i gynoidalna (gruszka). Mają różny przebieg, chociaż każdy z nich jest konsekwencją nierównowagi między dostarczaniem energii a jej spalaniem oraz zwykle genetycznego podłoża. Do zaburzeń S-N i metabolicznych może prowadzić MONW (jeśli się nie powstrzyma dalszego rozwoju przez właściwą dietę i aktywność fiyczną). Typ gruszki predysponuje do zwyrodnienia stawów, podczas gdy typ jabłko wiąże się z chorobami sercowymi jak ZS, udar mózgu, NT. Tkanka tłuszczowa est narządem endokrynnym, produkującym wiele substancji aktywnych biologicznie. „Chory tłuszcz“ lub adiposopatia jest patologicznym stanem wynikającym z przewlekłego procesu zapalnego toczącego się w tt, prowadzącym do otyłości i jej patologicznych konsekwencji. Otyli pacjenci częściej i wcześniej chorują na NT, ChW, ZS, NS, zaburzenia rytmu, w tym nagły zgon sercowy (SCD). Otyłość prowadzi także do insulinooporności, dyslipidemii, ZM i ostatecznie DM t. 2. Praca jest krótkim przeglądem danych o znaczeniu otyłości jako czynnika ryzyka w chorobach krążenia.

EN

Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat in adipose tissue due to genetic background and environmental conditions. According to WHO it can be identifid with BMI > 30 kg/m². It is a chronic disease, with global range, an epidemic of XXI age. It is a well-known risk factor of many cardiovascular (CV) diseases, coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), stroke, metabolic disorders (diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia) and a cause of permanent disability or premature death. There are 3 types of obesity: metabolic obese with normal weight (MONW), androgenic (an apple) and gynoic (a pear) obesity. Each one is a consequence of imbalance between energy supply and its combustion and usually has a genetical background, but has a diffrent course. MONW can lead (if not stopped by a proper diet and physical activity) to CV and metabolic disorders, the pear type predisposes to joint degeneration, while an apple type is related to cardiac diseases such as MI, stroke, hypertension (HT). Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ producing many hormones and mediators. „Sick fat“ or adiposopathia is a pathologic state due to chronic inflmmatory process taking place in adipose tissue, leading to obesity and its pathologic consequences. The obese patients more often and earlier suffr from HT, CAD, MI, HF, rhythm disorders and even sudden cardiac death (SCD). Obesity leads to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and fially to diabetes mellitus t. 2 (DM t.2). This article is a short review of obesity and its role in cardiovascular diseases.

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Otyłość i jej znaczenie w chorobach układu krążenia Cz. 1. Otyłość jako czynnik ryzyka