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EN
There is no fiction in narrative prose that testifies to a playful intentionality more manifest than a “comic story”: this article illustrates it by first analyzing the strategies of Scarron, master of the game, in the burlesque incipit of The Comic Novel. Spanning the three centuries that separate the publication of Scarron’s novel (1651) from that of Molloy (1951), not without underlining the impact that silent cinema has had on the means and effects of burlesque in a fiction in narrative prose, we then question Beckett’s strategies, more complex or more equivocal, not only because the author seems to hide his game, sheltered from a narrating voice, but also because fiction, understood as “shared playful pretense”, then opens up to the registral interference of pathos.
FR
Il n’est pas de fiction en prose narrative qui témoigne d’une intentionnalité ludique plus manifeste qu’une « histoire comique » : cet article l’illustre en analysant d’abord les stratégies de Scarron, maître du jeu, dans l’incipit burlesque du Roman comique. Enjambant les trois siècles qui séparent la parution du roman de Scarron (1651) de celle de Molloy (1951), non sans souligner l’impact qu’a eu le cinéma muet sur les moyens et les effets du burlesque dans une fiction en prose narrative, on interroge ensuite les stratégies de Beckett, plus complexes ou plus équivoques, non seulement parce que l’auteur semble cacher son jeu, à l’abri d’une voix narratrice, mais aussi parce que la fiction, entendue comme « feintise ludique partagée », s’ouvre alors à l’interférence registrale du pathétique.
EN
Using as examples Dom Carlos by Saint-Réal (1672), Les Annales galantes by Mme de Villedieu (1670) and Le Prince de Condé by Edme Boursault (1675), in the present article I discuss three aspects of 17th-century historical short stories: the role of the moral lesson they teach, gallantry and burlesque. I demonstrate that the authors of historical short stories attempt to reinterpret historical events and mix historical facts with fiction, while making references to the times they lived in. Historical short stories, by no means, describe ancient history; rather, they present contemporary events under historical guise. Their moral message is universal as these stories portray human nature and social vices. Ironic humour and burlesque, which underscore importance of this message, are popular with readers and make the work carry the intended message in a clear way. The variety of forms of these short stories opens up the path for new subgenres of the novel, namely for the psychological novel and for the novel of manners.
PL
Wraz z narodzinami „nowej burleski” (wyrastającej z anglosaskiej tradycji burleski kobiecej) na przełomie XX i XXI wieku pojawiły się palące pytania o uprzedmiotawiające i emancypujące właściwości gatunku, który wyznacza artystce-striptizerce symultaniczne miejsca obiektu i podmiotu. Przede wszystkim jednak należy zauważyć, że sam spektakularny fakt (ponownego) zaistnienia w pejzażu widowisk kulturowych formy zogniskowanej wokół kobiecej cielesności wskazuje na społeczną potrzebę przepracowania problematycznego charakteru tej cielesności, a co za tym idzie, współczesnych definicji płci i seksualności. Interesuje mnie, w jaki sposób i za pomocą jakich środków teatralnych „kobiecość” jest performowana i przeżywana zarówno na scenie, jak i na widowni w nowej burlesce ujmowanej jako „metaspołeczny komentarz” w zakresie obowiązującego paradygmatu płci. Rozpatruję nową burleskę pod kątem jej trajektorii historycznej, nurtów współegzystujących w obrębie gatunku, funkcjonujących w jej ramach kobiecych stereotypów i akcesoriów tradycyjnie pojmowanej „kobiecości” oraz relacji między performerkami a publicznością.
EN
The birth of the “new burlesque” (descending from the Anglo-Saxon tradition of female burlesque) in the late twentieth century has raised burning questions about objectifying and emancipatory properties of the genre, which simultaneously defines the artist-stripper as object and subject. It should be noted that the mere fact of (re)occurrence of a cultural performance focused on the female body indicates the public’s need for working through the problematic nature of this body, and thus, contemporary definitions of gender and sexuality. The article explores how and by what theatrical means “femininity” is performed and experienced both on new burlesque’s stage and in the audience, considering that new burlesque is identified as a “metasocial commentary” to current gender paradigm. The genre’s historical trajectory is analysed, as well as contemporary trends co-existing within the genre. Furthermore, the article examines relation between performers and audience, and new burlesque’s interplay with women’s stereotypes and accessories of traditionally defined “femininity”.
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