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1
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Wpływ klasterów na konkurencyjność i internacjonalizację przedsiębiorstw

100%
Gorynia M., Jankowska B.
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
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2007
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vol. 217
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issue 7-8
1-18
EN
The paper shows how business clusters promote cooperation among companies and how they contribute to the competitiveness and internationalization of enterprises. The authors prove that a business cluster improves the competitiveness of member companies primarily by adding to their competitive potential and boosting their competition strategies. At the same time, the cluster has only an indirect effect on the competitive position of these businesses, the authors say. The relationship between competitiveness and internationalization is unclear. It is difficult to determine on the basis of available data if greater competitiveness resulting from a company’s participation in a business cluster leads to this company’s greater involvement in international business. It may well be, the authors say, that the relationship goes the other way: greater internationalization leads to increased competitiveness.
2
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Klastry a konkurencyjność i internacjonalizacja przedsiębiorstw Wielkopolski

100%
Gorynia M., Jankowska B.
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
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2008
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vol. 224
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issue 5-6
91-109
EN
Polish businesses have faced a number of challenges in connection with the country’s membership of the European Union. First, companies must make efforts to increase their international competitiveness; second, they must make their operations more international in nature. The question is if Polish businesses can be supported in their efforts to improve their international competitiveness, while not deforming the market mechanism. Any form of supporting businesses should have a positive influence on their internationalization behaviors. A cluster theory put forward by American economist Michael Porter could provide inspiration in the search for ways to increase the international competitiveness and internationalization of Polish enterprises, the authors say. Porter argues that clusters have the potential to affect competition in three ways: by increasing the productivity of the companies in the cluster; by driving innovation in the field; and by stimulating new businesses in the field. Porter’s cluster theory is at the center of a survey conducted by Gorynia and Jankowska among enterprises in Poland’s Wielkopolska region in July and August 2006 and in April and May 2007. These surveys represent the principal part of a project dedicated to the role of clusters in supporting the international competitiveness and internationalization of Polish enterprises. The authors describe the results of their empirical studies of three clusters located in Wielkopolska: a furniture cluster, a heating-boiler cluster, and an automotive cluster. The authors present the opinions of the companies surveyed regarding the influence of the emerging clusters on the competitiveness and internationalization of participating companies. The surveys were conducted in the form of structured direct interviews with company executives. The main research tool was a questionnaire with 21 questions. The results obtained by the authors show that the development of each cluster depends on the behavior of enterprises and the activities of business self-regulation organizations, in addition to economic policy. A key factor is the promotion of the positive effects of exchanging knowledge among cluster participants. Participation in a cluster strengthens the ties between companies and increases their competitiveness and internationalization, the authors conclude.
3
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Klastery jako sposób na przyspieszenie rozwoju obszarów problemowych

86%
Błasiak-Nowak B.
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
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2007
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vol. 217
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issue 7-8
83-104
EN
The paper examines the ways in which business clusters contribute to an accelerated development of what are called problem regions. The author illustrates her theoretical analysis with examples of selected regions whose economic development has been accelerated by the establishment of production clusters. The adopted method of research includes an analysis of the selected aspects of economic theory and selected case studies of business clusters around the world. Specifically, the paper focuses on the American state of Arizona as a region with a developed market economy; the southern Indian state of Karnataka as a developing region; Scotland as a region excessively dependent on declining industry; and Slovenia as a region in the process of economic transformation. Business clusters are currently the most mature form of business organization that increases the probability of favorable economic effects in a problem region, the author says. Favorable economic effects generated by business clusters include economic cooperation and integration, external scale effects, internal synergy effects, as well as the multiplier and accelerator effects. All these effects improve the competitiveness of cluster members and consequently also of the host region, leading to accelerated economic development in the area.
4
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Klastry a rozwój regionalny. Klaster usług biznesowych w Krakowie

86%
Grycuk A.
Studia BAS
|
2017
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issue 1(49)
133-167
EN
The article investigates the potential of regional initiatives supporting business clusters. It begins with an overview of Michael E. Porter’s concept of clusters and the impact competitive clusters can have on productivity, innovation, and employment. The author also briefly examines the ways clusters might be supported by local government. Next, the trends of outsourcing and offshoring, which influence the growth of business and technology services sector worldwide, are described. The third section focuses on a business services cluster in Kraków, Poland, which is now a key outsourcing destination in Europe. The final section draws on interviews with employees of 15 cluster-based companies conducted between August and December 2016. The goal of this research was better understand Kraków’s strengths and weaknesses as an outsourcing location, gather insights on ways to improve the local business environment, and obtain information about predicted changes in companies’ activities and management over the next few years.
5
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Współpraca przedsiębiorstw zlokalizowanych w klastrach z otoczeniem naukowym w procesach rozwoju regionalnego (na przykładzie województwa Świętokrzyskiego)

72%
Kot J., Kraska E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2016
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vol. 4
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issue 324
EN
This article contains an analysis of the relationships between companies belonging to clusters in the Świętokrzyskie scientific community. These relationships are the subject of research, both in terms of geographic reach (regional and beyond), and in terms of forms of cooperation. The findings presented in this paper form the basis for conclusions about the significance of cooperation between both the economic and scientific spheres, in: shaping clusters, the development of companies within them, as well as regional development as a whole.
PL
Artykuł zawiera analizę relacji między przedsiębiorstwami zlokalizowanymi w klastrach województwa świętokrzyskiego a otoczeniem naukowym. Relacje te są przedmiotem badania zarówno w odniesieniu do zasięgu przestrzennego (regionalnego i ponadregionalnego), jak i form współpracy. Prezentowane w artykule wyniki badań są podstawą do formułowania wniosków w odniesieniu do znaczenia współpracy między obiema sferami (gospodarczej i naukowej) dla rozwoju klastrów, przedsiębiorstw w nich zlokalizowanych, jak i rozwoju regionalnego.
6
Content available remote

Accounting the scale and synergies in the DEA-analysis

58%
Novikov V., Shipulina L., Sapun O.
LogForum
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2016
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vol. 12
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issue 2
123-128
EN
Background: Proposed to take into account non-linear performance in terms of synergy when make DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). The solution of the problem is done for interacting schools, which can be regarded as business clusters. The inputs and outputs are selected by them importance at author's opinion. However the technique does not change when taking into account other factors that have a numeric expression. Methods: It is proposed to reduce the number of the inputs and outputs to one input and one output using weighting factors. Thus the solution can be found by linear programming. The DEA algorithm is easily coded in Mathcad. Results: As a result, we get a vector of the effectiveness of each element of the business cluster, including stand-effective and super-efficient elements. Conclusions: Proposed a model of DEA taking into account the scale and synergies of a business cluster. This allows getting a performance rating against the collective interaction.
PL
Wstęp: Poddano analizie metodę nieliniową dla synergii przy zastosowaniu metody DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). Rozwiązanie zostało zrealizowane dla współpracujących szkół, które mogą być traktowane, jako klastery biznesowe. Dane wejściowe i wyjściowe zostały wyselekcjonowane według ważności (w opinii autora). Aczkolwiek należy zaznaczyć, że metoda postępowania nie zmienia się przy analizie innych czynników, mogących być przedstawione w formie liczbowej. Metody: Zaproponowano redukcję liczby danych wejściowych i wyjściowych przy zastosowaniu współczynnika wagi. Następnie poszukano rozwiązania przy użyciu programowaniu liniowego. Algorytm DEA może być z łatwością zaimplementowany przy użyciu MATCAD. Wyniki: Otrzymano wektor efektywności każdego elementu klastera biznesowego, łącznie z elementami o stałej i bardo dużej efektywności. Wnioski: zaproponowano model DAE, uwzględniający skalę oraz synergię klastera biznesowego. Umożliwia to uszeregowanie zachowań wobec zbiorowych interakcji.
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