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EN
This scoping review explores the causal relationship between morphological instruction and reading development in young L2 learners by synthesizing 12 primary studies published between 2004 and 2019 (N = 1,535). These studies focused on reading English as the target language and involved participants between kindergarten and Grade 12 from four countries (China, Egypt, Singapore, and the USA). Findings suggested that (a) morphological instruction led to consistent and positive gains in L2 children’s morphological awareness and vocabulary knowledge, and the effect sizes (Cohen’s ds) ranged from small to large; and (b) the relationship between morphological instruction and other outcomes such as phonological awareness, word reading accuracy, word reading fluency, spelling, and reading comprehension was inconclusive. Notably, transfer effects of L2 English morphological instruction on novel word learning in English or on reading development in an additional language were only examined and observed in four primary studies. Discussion was provided regarding future instructional and research design.
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Mikroekonomiczne efekty aktywnej polityki rynku pracy

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EN
The article analyses problems of active labour market policy evaluation. The paper focuses on microeconometric approach which means assessing impacts of active labour market programs on their participants by estimating causal effects of the intervention. The article presents various evaluation methods typical for quasi-experimental design like: regression analysis, matching, particularly propensity score matching and difference-in-differences. The paper outlines strengths, limitations and possible difficulties related to the application of described methods and techniques.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje problematykę ewaluacji aktywnej polityki rynku pracy. Główną uwagę poświęcono badaniu mikroekonomicznych efektów programów zatrudnienia, które polega na określaniu związków przyczynowych pomiędzy podjętą interwencją (aktywnym programem) a obserwowanymi wynikami i ustaleniu efektu netto. W artykule przedstawiono metody badania oddziaływania aktywnej polityki rynku pracy w płaszczyźnie mikroekonomicznej typowe dla podejścia quasi-eksperymentalnego, tj: analizę regresji, dopasowanie, w tym metodę propensity score matching oraz metodę różnicy w różnicach.
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