Search results - CEJSH

1

Крупные города прединдустриальной эры

100%

Sirojć Z.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2013

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issue 1(11)

349-374

EN

The oldest city in the world appeared in the Neolithic era. The rapid development of agriculture contributed to the increase in population and population density. There were the first townships, which were later called "protocities." By today's criteria can say that it was a little crowded, but in those days Catal Hüyük, Hatsilar or Jericho, numbering several thousand people, were considered large populations. In the Neolithic civilizations laid the foundation. First civilizations appeared in the IV millennium BC. e. in the Middle East. Why the Middle East has become a source of development? Unequivocal answer to this question does not exist, but this fact contributed to such prerequisites: climatic conditions; geographical location, abundant raw materials for construction, easy access to other raw materials (for example to ores of various metals). Along with Mesopotamia and Egypt in the Middle East have become the centers of civilization as India and China. The first major civilization emerged in river valleys. Their development is closely linked with the introduction of irrigation in agriculture. Irrigation system repeatedly increased productivity, making it possible to provide more food population. Among the characteristics of ancient civilizations should be noted: urban development and the emergence of states, social stratification and hierarchization societies, the use of writing, the development of scientific principles, division and time measurement.

2

Measuring and ranking the innovative potential of cities

80%

Jakobson A.

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

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2012

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vol. 19

55-60

EN

The ranking of cities according to their individual intellectual (innovative, organizational, creative, central, etc.) potential is actual and important for geographic studies in the epoch of post--industrialization. The results of such ranking can be applied in various aspects and directions of regional policy.The very idea of such ranking seems to have been first formulated in France in the early 1960s. The research concerned was aimed at solving the problem of hyper-centralization in that country through forming ‘metropoles d’equilibre’ in the periphery, to counterbalance Paris. The task was to find the French cities which were ready to fulfill this role. Later, we have used this idea to rank Siberian cities as to their administrative potential. The important innovation in methodology was introduction of a principally new index, crucial just for Siberia (although maybe less important in Europe). This index is the distance from the nearest comparable or obviously more significant city

3

Крупные города прединдустриальной эры

80%

Sirojć Z.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2013

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issue 1(5)

225-246

EN

The oldest city in the world appeared in the Neolithic era. The rapid development of agriculture contributed to the increase in population and population density. There were the first townships, which were later called "protocities." By today's criteria can say that it was a little crowded, but in those days Catal Hüyük, Hatsilar or Jericho, numbering several thousand people, were considered large populations.

4

Re-Shared Urban Space: New Actors and Processes in South American Cities

80%

Czerny M.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2018

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vol. 37

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issue 2

EN

Following stormy debate regarding the role of globalisation and global space in development, geographical analyses are now tending to return to matters of place, and its role in people’s lives. Given that Latin America’s cities were founded by Europeans, one might expect them to be characterised by processes and phenomena similar to European experiences and general processes of globalisation today. In fact, however, specific socio-cultural features arising from both the colonial and pre-colonial past of this region, political factors (especially that reflecting the presence of powerful elites descended from the Spanish) and economic features (interest in the region’s resources being displayed by foreign investors) have all conspired to ensure that Latin America is characterised by a development trajectory distinct from those in other regions, as well as by contemporary structures in urbanised areas being shaped by diverse political and economic forces, mechanisms ever-present in the region’s culture and politic

5

Building partnerships for social housing : Growing housing needs and effective solutions for Albanian cities

80%

Tsenkova S., Andoni D.

Critical Housing Analysis

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2017

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vol. 4

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issue 2

39-53

EN

Partnerships have a long history in European social housing with a mixed degree of success. They are an emerging model in post-socialist countries driven by budgetary constraints, rapid privatisation of public housing, and pragmatic efforts to respond to a complex housing affordability crisis. This article evaluates the challenges and opportunities of a new partnership model implemented in Albania to provide social rental housing. The project, launched in 2009, involves a legally defined partnership between central and local governments, the private sector, and an international financial institution. It has doubled the amount of municipal rental housing, addressing the needs of low- and mid-income households in Albania through the construction of 1,138 rental apartments for 4,300 people in eight cities. The allocation process, although politically charged, has been targeted. The partnership has capitalised on efficiencies, sound fiscal management, and cost and quality control. Despite some construction delays and potential concerns related to future sustainability, we argue that the partnership model is effective and has an important learning and innovation role for the future provision of social housing in Albania as well as in other post-socialist countries in South-East Europe facing similar challenges.

6

Urban realities and politics of Owanbe in Nigeria

80%

Lawal M. O., Akintunde T. S., Aliu N. L., Irhue Y. K., Akinrinde O. O., Ajayi O. O.

Acta Politica Polonica

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2022

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vol. 53

59-73

EN

This study has been motivated by the diverse and stimulating dimension of urban life, most especially by the unending flair for social festivities, popularly known as Owanbe. While giving its attention to Lagos City in Nigeria, this study strove to contribute to the existing discourse on urban life and its realities. It documents the pattern and dimension of social festivities, the socio-demographic characteristics of the conveners/organizers, the ideological motives behind the unending spate of lavish ceremonies, the factors sustaining these ceremonies, the sources of financing the ceremonies in the face of prevailing precarious economic condition, as well as the developmental implications and the emerging manifestations of these ceremonies. As a participatory research that took place in 5 randomly sampled Local Government Areas in Lagos State between March 2020 and January 2021, the study sourced data using the In‑Depth Interview (IDI), Key Informant Interview (KII), and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The participants were the stakeholders and opinion leaders within the study areas. The collected data were content analyzed and reported with humanistic approach. The study has discovered that urban dynamics created inequalities and harsh economic conditions. The reality of the inevitability of this situation gave prominence to unconventional leisure and recreation events called Owanbe gatherings. The pattern and dimension of such festivities ranged from birthdays, child naming, burial rites, to chieftaincy ceremonies, and so on. The study concludes that ostentatious spending involved in Owanbe ceremonies encourages disinvestment through the diversion of funds that would have stimulated sustainable economic growth.

7

Opportunities and Challenges of Urban Agriculture for Sustainable City Development

80%

Van Tuijl E., Hospers G.-J., Van Den Berg L.

European Spatial Research and Policy

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2018

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vol. 25

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issue 2

5-22

EN

Urban Agriculture (UA) has gained popularity in cities all over the world. In this paper, we explore the concept of UA and discuss it along various locational and strategic dimensions. The article aims to provide insights into the chances and challenges of UA for sustainable city development. By making use of case examples from cities worldwide we show that UA can contribute to the social, environmental, and economics pillars of sustainable city development. However, there are limitations which should be taken into account for cities that want to invest in urban agriculture.

8

Socio-economic potential of Polish cities - a regional dimension

80%

Bogdański M.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2012

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vol. 17

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issue 17

13-20

EN

The main aim of the research presented in this paper was to construct and evaluate a synthetic index of socio-economic potential of Polish cities (IoEp) at the level of voivodships and also to examine relations between this potential and the economic development of regions. The index reflects the level of localisation advantages offered by a city. That is why an assumption was made that there is a positive relationship between the level of socio-economic potential of cities in a region (measured by the IoEP index) and its level of economic development. The obtained results show that there are significant and stable differences in the level of economic potential of Polish cities. One can also observe that the higher the level of IoEP was, the higher the value of regional GDP per capita. That gives some basis to positively verify the research hypothesis.

9

Re-Shared Urban Space: New Actors and Processes in South American Cities

80%

Czerny M.

Quaestiones Geographicae

|

2018

|

vol. 37

|

issue 2

EN

Following stormy debate regarding the role of globalisation and global space in development, geographical analyses are now tending to return to matters of place, and its role in people’s lives. Given that Latin America’s cities were founded by Europeans, one might expect them to be characterised by processes and phenomena similar to European experiences and general processes of globalisation today. In fact, however, specific socio-cultural features arising from both the colonial and pre-colonial past of this region, political factors (especially that reflecting the presence of powerful elites descended from the Spanish) and economic features (interest in the region’s resources being displayed by foreign investors) have all conspired to ensure that Latin America is characterised by a development trajectory distinct from those in other regions, as well as by contemporary structures in urbanised areas being shaped by diverse political and economic forces, mechanisms ever-present in the region’s culture and politic

10

THE METHODS OF FORECASTING OF CHANGES OF MUNICIPAL WASTE PRODUCTION IN CASE OF CITIES

80%

Cheba K.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2014

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vol. 3

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issue 302

EN

Waste management is currently one of the most important problems of the functioning of densely populated areas, important in the case of cities. The main problem of waste management is to break a simple correlation between economic growth and the increase in the amount of waste. Forecasting of amount of municipal waste generation on the basis of previously applied methods in the situation of large changes in socio-economic environment turns out to be inaccurate approach. In the literature a wide variety of geographically diverse factors are proposed for this purpose. This paper presents the results of modeling and forecasting of municipal waste generation changes in cities. In this study, the impact of the various socio-economic factors for the municipal waste production was tested.

11

Small Cities in the Development Policy of Warminsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship

80%

Walendzik E., Wojarska M., Jett Q.

Olsztyn Economic Journal

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2018

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vol. 13

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issue 4

411-424

EN

The article focuses on indicating the interpenetration of the development policy of the Warm¬insko-Mazurskie voivodeship and the development policy of small cities situated in the region. It aims to identify the development opportunities of small cities, within the context of voivodship development policy, and to assess the use of opportunities from this regional level of governance and administration. The study was based on the results of a survey conducted among representatives of urban gminas and urban-rural gminas as well as analysis of strategic and operational documents developed at the regional level. Development problems of small cities in the Warminsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship, identified from the local and regional levels, are very similar. However the differences are visible in terms of the effects of the expected intervention. In the regional documents – both strategic and operational ones, there is no special recognition of issues related to the development of small cities, but they can be found indirectly in some preferences that small towns have in applying for funds from the Regional Operational Program. Unfortunately, not all cities benefit from the opportunities offered by this Program.

12

Cities and human security

80%

Szpak A.

Torun International Studies

|

2015

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issue 8

119-133

EN

Cities have been researched mostly in terms of their economic, technological, and social value and significance. Despite some changes in this respect there is still a need to research cities as a fascinating phenomenon, also in respect of its capabilities to increase human security on a local and global scale. The article examines the role of cities for human security in the selected and representative fields such as sustainable development, human rights and environmental protection which are components of human security. The subject matter is indeed fascinating as fascinating are cities themselves. They are dynamic, energetic, innovative and constantly evolving. The general thesis of the article is that cities may and do greatly contribute to human security.

13

Population of American Cities: 1950-2009

80%

Wilczyński W., Wilczyński P.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2011

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vol. 16

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issue 16

153-172

EN

Contrary to the industrial epoch, cities have been interpreted in the last fifty years as the places facing the greatest economic and social problems. A contrasting view has emerged only recently that takes cities as sites of economic dynamism and social vitality. The paper offers evidence on population change for 118 greatest cities of the United States of America to assess how their fortunes have changed from the 1950s to 2009. Considerable diversity of experience was revealed and seven categories of cities have been distinguished as far as their population change patterns are concerned. These categories range from the continuous growth from 1950 until today to continuous decline. The most dynamic cities are located in the Sun Belt and they are relatively small and new.On the opposite, the biggest and old industrial centres of the Rust Belt have been losing inhabitants. In general, the pattern of population change shows close relationship with the economic situation and in particular, is connected with the structural changes in society and economy, namely the structural shifts toward more services-oriented economy, and smaller households.Essentially the paper offers the historical outline of the population changes in the biggest American urban centres. It should be seen as an introduction necessary for the more advanced studies concerning the issues of employment, incomes, ethnic composition, and various social problems which could explain the changing fortunes of particular cities.

14

Modern demographic processes in urban areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan

80%

Nyussupova G., Sarsenova I.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2012

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vol. 18

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issue 18

99-108

EN

The result of the growth in cities’ population is the migratory and natural movement of the population. Special attention is given in this article to the research of natural movement of the population of cities of Kazakhstan; this indicator of natural movement of the population is defined by the demographic processes in the future. Therefore, the given information about the natural and mechanical movement of the population can be considered as the original generalizing indicators of the processes that happen in population movement.

15

Innowacyjne przestrzenie w miastach w dobie globalizacji

71%

Wdowicka M.

Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna

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2011

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issue 15

43-53

EN

Profits and advantages of globalisation flow mainly to large urban agglomerations that constitute the main nodes of the global network owing to the activity of transnational corporations. As a result of intensive global links, in those areas there develop new forms of organisation of economic space. The paper seeks to analyse elements of innovative space in Polish cities in the days of the advancing globalisation of the economy. The study embraced investment of the largest transnational corporations in the world based in Polish cities, especially their investment in R&D centres and business service centres, as well as innovative business environment institutions (technological parks, technology transfer centres, technological incubators, business incubators) and clusters operating in Poland.

PL

Zyski i korzyści płynące z globalizacji dotyczą w szczególności wielkich aglomeracji miejskich, które dzięki działalności korporacji transnarodowych stanowią główne węzły w sieci globalnej. W obszarach tych, w wyniku intensywnych powiązań globalnych, rozwijają się nowe formy organizacji przestrzeni gospodarczej. Celem opracowania jest analiza elementów innowacyjnej przestrzeni ekonomicznej w polskich miastach w dobie postępującej globalizacji gospodarki. Badaniem objęto inwestycje największych na świecie korporacji transnarodowych zlokalizowane w polskich miastach, w szczególności inwestycje w centra badawczo-rozwojowe oraz centra usług dla biznesu, a także instytucje otoczenia innowacyjnego biznesu (parki technologiczne, centra transferu technologii, inkubatory technologiczne, inkubatory przedsiębiorczości) i klastry funkcjonujące w Polsce.

16

Cooperation between European Cities and Amazonian Indigenous Peoples in the Fight Against Climate Change

70%

Szpak A.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2019

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issue 3 (48)

449-463

EN

This paper concentrates on a particular example of cooperation between European cities and indigenous peoples of the Amazon river basin, namely that of Climate Alliance. The New Urban Agenda adopted at the UN Habitat III conference in October 2016 emphasizes that cities and other human settlements should meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities for current and future sustainable and economic inclusive development. Cities should also take measures to address climate change and protect and manage their ecosystems, water resources, the environment and biodiversity. Indigenous peoples, just like cities play a crucial role in the fight against climate change. 80 % of the territories with high biodiversity level are indigenous lands. Their indigenous ecological knowledge may serve as a valuable tool in initiatives aimed at fighting climate change. The aim of the paper is to show whether there are any benefits of such cooperation and what is its significance in the fight against climate change. The main research question is: what are the forms of cooperation between European cities and Amazonian indigenous peoples in the framework of Climate Alliance? In which way can European cities support indigenous peoples in their fight for their rights and consequently for the nature’s preservation? The hypothesis is that European cities may learn from indigenous peoples of the Amazon how to combat climate change.

17

A new challenge for urban planning in Turkey: socio-spatial impacts of forced migration

70%

Levent T.

European Spatial Research and Policy

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2019

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vol. 26

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issue 2

115-134

EN

In recent decades, forced migration has become a globally salient issue for both developed and developing countries. As a developing country, Turkey is a significant destination for forced migration, with more than 3.6 million Syrian immigrants. This study concentrates on the socio-spatial impacts of forced migration in Turkish cities where Syrian immigrants have been concentrated and aims to answer the question: “Does forced migration produce an urban crisis in such cities?” The study leads to a prescription about new qualities of urban planning for coping with the urban crisis through a resilience strategy.

18

Charakter społeczno-gospodarczy miast powiatu łódzkiego i łęczyckiego 1807–1869

70%

Kula W.

Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku

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2019

29-380

EN

In the years 2020–2021, Łódź and other surrounding cities will celebrate the 200th anniversary of the decisions made by the authorities of the Kingdom of Poland, aimed at the industrialization of this part of Polish territory. Some of these urban centers, such as Lodz, have been successful, while most of them have not been able to develop industrially. Witold Kula, an excellent researcher of socio-economic history, wrote about these issues. So far this work has not been published and thanks to the help of prof. Marcin Kula, the author’s son, was published in a journal. Kula decided to analyze the economic and social condition of the cities located within the Łódźand Łęczyca poviats (according to the administrative status of 1921). Therefore, he was interested in the area subjected to industrialization and protection policy by the authorities of the Kingdom of Poland under the Act of Governor Józef Zajączek of 1820. The author was looking for an answer to the fundamental question which of the cities located in this area were also in the legal sense and in economic terms, and which and from an economic point of view, they did not differ from the status of a village? The conclusions and reflections contained in the work cover a long chronological period, starting from 1807 and ending with 1869, i.e. from the moment of placing Polish cities under the administration of a modern bureaucratic national magistracy, to the year in which the tsarist decree was issued to rename some settlements. cities in the governorates of the Kingdom of Poland. The subject of this work were 13 cities, namely: Grabów, Kazimierz (Łęczycki), Łęczyca, Łódź, Parzęczew, Piątek, Rzgów, Tuszyn and Zgierz, and the cities elevated to the rank of cities during the Congress Kingdom: Ozorków (1816), Aleksandrów and Poddębice (1822), Konstantynów (1830). After the reform of 1869–1870, only four of them remained towns: Łęczyca, Łódź, Ozorków and Zgierz. In implementing the theme, W. Kula assumed the following stages: “1. Overview of the basic and existing definitions of the term «city»; 2. on this basis, determining the basic economic and demographic characteristics of the city, and thus the qualification criteria of the city; 3. establishing the facts corresponding to the successful qualification criteria in individual cities in a particular period of time”. The author did not intend to issue “a firm sentence on each of the examined cities, granting or denying it the right to the” title “of the city in the economic sense. More important for him was to “establish the actual state of affairs corresponding to individual criteria, the state which, using these criteria, will sometimes lead us to various conclusions”. The work of W. Kula was based on a variety of source material, primarily the resources of the then pre-war archives, which were partially lost as a result of the tragic consequences of the Second World War. Hence, this monograph is also extremely important because it provides contemporary researchers with invaluable source material for further analyzes of the history of the cities of the Łódź region. More than a hundred tables included in the work by W. Kula with various and valuable statistical data will help in this. The monograph published in print consists of an extensive part called Introduction, divided into two chapters, the first of which is entitled Issue, and the second - Sources and studies, and two parts. The first part is entitled The economic content of the term “city” and is also divided into the following two chapters: Existing definitions of the term “city” and Eligibility criteria for urban settlements. On the other hand, the second, entitled Socio-economic character of cities in the Łęczyca and Łódź poviats, is the main part of the monograph with a source analysis of 13 cities and towns under consideration. It opens with Introductory remarks, followed by an alphabetical list of the aforementioned urban centers in terms of economic and social aspects in the following 13 sections. The work is supplemented by a bibliographic list and a list of abbreviations. The editors of the journal made only minor interference in the work by correcting typos and the so-called Czech errors, as well as by modernizing the spelling and the scientific apparatus of the monograph (in the notation of footnotes and bibliographic items), e.g. by supplementing some items, introducing currently used abbreviations, etc. Moreover, the bibliographic list that opened the work in the manuscript was moved to its end. However, no linguistic and stylistic corrections were made to reflect the character of the writing style and the way of expressing thoughts as accurately as possible by W. Kula, then a young adept of the historical guild.

19

Unique elements of Polish city brands in online reviews

70%

Nowacki M.

Turyzm

|

2019

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vol. 29

|

issue 1

63-70

EN

The aim of the paper is to identify unique elements of the brands of Polish cities and to identify similarities and differences between them. The work attempts to answer the following research questions: Which elements significantly differentiate the brands of studied cities in online reviews? and Which of the studied cities are the most similar in terms of brand elements and which differ in this regard. The data for analysis was obtained from TripAdvisor. Reviews about areas of tourist concentration – old markets or old towns – from five Polish cities: Poznań, Wrocław, Kraków, Gdańsk and Warsaw were analysed (N = 5125). The research shows that Gdańsk and Warsaw as well as Poznań and Wrocław have the most similar brand elements. The Kraków brand is the more unique in relation to other cities.

20

Akta sejmikowe jako źródło do dziejów miast i mieszczaństwa

70%

Bulińska K.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

|

2022

|

vol. 77

|

issue 2

85-116

EN

The paper discussed using dietine (sejmik) files in research on history of cities and bourgeoisie. Based on dietine files of Greater Poland provinces, the potential of utilizing this type of material during the exploration of the history of municipal centers in all regions of Poland were outlined. Additionally, the author created classification of the municipal issues debated on dietine sessions, encompassing seven principal categories.

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