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Uniwersyteckie kształcenie lekarzy. Spojrzenie klinicysty

100%

Tołłoczko T.

Nauka Polska. Jej Potrzeby, Organizacja i Rozwój

2012

vol. 21

49-60

The medical schools face many difficult assignments in the area of educating the doctors. A proper orientation of the former will result in a well-prepared professional staff. An important role in achieving this objective should be played by clinical medicine, considered a particular scientific discipline. The important factor here is to connect theory with practice. Therefore, good medical schools are these which simultaneously continue their research and teaching activities. Thus, the chief task will be to teach students to think creatively, and not restoratively, and to teach skillful use of the benefits of the scientific and the moral authorities of older generations of doctors. The attitude of an academic teacher shall not be underestimated in this situation, which unfortunately, contemporarily, not always deserves recognition. It is also important to construct appropriate educational programs that can meet the needs and demands of students and, at the same time, will provide a comprehensive medical education and direct contact with patients during diagnosis. Throughout the learning process, one may not forget the moral attitude and ethics. Schools should educate students in a spirit of moral responsibility towards both their vocation and profession and towards the patiens.

Medycyna w ujęciu Jędrzeja Śniadeckiego

63%

Gryglewski R. W.

Opuscula Musealia

2019

vol. 26

7-19

Jędrzej Śniadecki (1768–1838) remains one of most eminent scholars of his times. Remembered as a founder of modern chemistry in Poland, one of early pioneers in anthropology and social sciences, and author of the two volume book Theory of organic being (Teoria jestestw organicznych), in which the modern metabolic concept of life processes can be considered as grounded; he was also a highly educated and gifted physician. This paper aims to show the importance of medicine in Śniadecki’s theory of life, in its physiological and pathological manifestations in regard to the clinical model and the medical practice which he followed. It deals with the concept of illness as described in Śniadecki’s writings, focusing on the role of irritation and organic reaction as the major components of his proposed pathological model. The dynamic and variable conditions of diseases are explained by means of metabolic changes, which was a truly pioneering concept, already described in Śniadecki’s earlier theoretical works on the subject of life and nature. The paper discusses the problem of influence in terms of the leading medical doctrines at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, namely those of John Brown (1735–1788) and François Broussais (1772–1838), on Śniadecki as a researcher and practitioner. For practical (clinical) medicine his reserve towards auscultation and percussion, then a slowly gaining field in clinical subjects, is clearly present in Śniadecki’s writings and teaching. His passive and, as far as we can tell, sceptical attitude is explained by the lack of convincing evidence, based on empirical and experimental data, which would enable to connect the physical signs of a diagnosis fulfilled by means of stethoscope to that of the percussion process. It must be remembered that the books by Adam Raciborski (1809–1871) and Joseph Škoda (1805–1881) were both published in the 1830s, where modern diagnosing methods were established using a suitable scientific background to explain their importance. This was too late to influence the clinical work of Śniadecki. The same scepticism, with an obvious demand for strict and experimentally derived data, is probably responsible for the conservative therapy present in Śniadecki’s teaching.

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1 Nauka Polska. Jej Potrzeby, Organizacja i Rozwój

1 Opuscula Musealia

1 2019

1 2012

1 Gryglewski R. W.

1 Tołłoczko T.

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Uniwersyteckie kształcenie lekarzy. Spojrzenie klinicysty

Medycyna w ujęciu Jędrzeja Śniadeckiego