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Roczniki Humanistyczne
|
2020
|
vol. 68
|
issue 1
405-419
EN
The author of this article shows two types of values that are present in those pronouncements when the Pope recalls examples from belles­lettres. First and foremost, he speaks of the humanistic values rooted in the philosophy of the essence, namely the truth, goodness and beauty that are widely found in works of both less and more well-known authors of different nations. The aforementioned values, having a transcendent backdrop, open up the theological world. Some of those references unveil the three theological virtues which actually represent Christian axiology. For the Pope, the belles­lettres works become locus theologicus. In his pronouncements, the Pope not only mentions various authors from the particular nations he visited (e.g. Rabindranath Tagore from India, Jon Svensson from Island), but also those authors whose works now belong to the whole world (such as Fyodor Dostoyevsky, mentioned in Australia, or St. Augustine in France and Brazil). Recalling those authors and their works, the Pope connected with those nations he visited, and created a special place in order to bring to those nations the greatest works of world literature. He was adamant that humanistic and theological values can be placed equally next to each other.
PL
Autorka artykułu przedstawia dwa rodzaje wartości, jakie są obecne w tych wypowiedziach Papieża, w których przywołuje on literaturę piękną. Są to najpierw wartości humanistyczne zakorzenione w filozofii bytu: prawda, dobro, piękno, o których piszą mniej i bardziej znani twórcy różnych narodów. Wartości te otwarte na wymiar transcendentny otwierają horyzont teologiczny. Niektóre odwołania do literatury odsłaniają trzy cnoty teologalne, które reprezentują chrześcijańską aksjologię. Dzieła literackie stanowią dla Papieża locus theologicus. W jego wypowiedziach znajduje się miejsce dla autorów reprezentujących narody, które odwiedza (np. Rabindrmath Tagore w Indiach, Jon Svensson w Islandii), a także dla twórców, których dzieła należą do bogactwa kultury światowej i były cytowane poza ich krajem (np. Fiodor Dostojewski w Austrii, św. Augustyn we Francji i Brazylii). Papież, odwołując się do tych dwóch rodzajów literatury, nawiązuje kontakt z kulturą narodów, które odwiedzał, oraz przybliża im kulturę światową. Przekonuje o możliwym spotkaniu wartości humanistycznych i teologicznych.
EN
The theological virtues (faith, hope, charity) adapt man’s faculties for participation in the divine nature, to live in a relationship with the Holy Trinity. They are the driving force of the Christian life as it advances towards full communion with God. They have God for their origin, motiveand object – God known by faith, God hoped in and loved for his own sake. The theological virtues are the foundation of Christian moral activity – the theological life. They are infused by God into the souls of the faithful to make them capable of acting as his children and of meriting eternal life. They reveal the goal of human existence – God calls us to his own happiness. The theological virtues are the pledge of the presence and action of the Holy Spirit in the faculties of human beings. The moral life of Christians is sustained by the gifts of the Holy Spirit. These are permanent dispositions which make man docile in following the promptings of the Holy Spirit.
PL
Cnoty teologalne (wiara, nadzieja, miłość) uzdalniają władze człowieka do uczestnictwa w naturze Bożej, do życia w jedności z Trójcą Świętą. Ukierunkowują one życie chrześcijańskie do pełnej komunii z Bogiem. Ich początkiem, motywem i przedmiotem jest Bóg, poznawany przez wiarę, w którym pokładamy nadzieję i którego miłujemy dla Niego samego. Cnoty teologalne kształtują, pobudzają i charakteryzują działanie moralne chrześcijanina – życie teologalne. Są wszczepione przez Boga w dusze wiernych, by uzdolnić ich do działania jako dzieci Boże i do zasługiwania na życie wieczne. Odsłaniają cel życia ludzkiego – Bóg powołuje nas do swojego własnego szczęścia. Cnoty teologalne stanowią rękojmię obecności i działania Ducha Świętego we władzach człowieka. Życie moralne chrześcijan jest podtrzymywane przez dary Ducha Świętego. Są one trwałymi dyspozycjami, które czynią człowieka uległym, by iść za poruszeniami Ducha Świętego.
EN
The mystery of the Holy Trinity is not only the most profound truth in the Christian faith, but also the foundation of Christian spiritual life. This life in its essence appears as participation in the life of God Himself – of the Holy Trinity. The present article is an illustration of its kind of this truth; the illustration is based on Sister Roberta Babiak's spiritual experience. Sister Roberta Babiak is a Polish mystic who lived in the first half of the 20th century. She experienced the presence of the Holy Trinity, especially while receiving the Eucharist. Receiving the Eucharist Christ was for her entering a direct salutary relation with the Holy Trinity, as result of which she participated in a peculiar exchange of love between her and God. In Sister Roberta's life, in her unification with God perceived as the Trinity, also theological virtues played an important role. From the possibility of the Holy Trinity taking up residence in man his supernatural dignity results; and the very presence of Triune God in him contributes to his divinization.
IT
L'articolo è una sintesi del pensiero mariano di papa Giovanni Paolo II. La dimensione mariana della chiamata cristiana alla santità ha trovato riflesso nella vita spirituale del Papa che si è affidato personalmente a Maria (segno ne è sia il suo stemma come vescovo, che il motto „Totus Tuus”), come pure nel suo insegnamento. Nell'enciclica Redemptoris Mater papa esprime la sollecitudine sia per una corretta spiritualità mariana, sia per la devozione a lei corrispondente. Nei suoi testi mariologici il santo Padre indica piuttosto la dimensione mariana della spiritualità cristiana. Nel suo discorso durante la visita alla Pontificia Facoltà Teologica „Marianum” a Roma (il 10 dicembre 1988) il Papa si è pronunziato chiaramente a favore di una considerazione della mariologia come particolare chiave ermeneutica per la teoria e la pratica della vita spirituale. Nello spirito della dottrina del Vaticano II Giovanni Paolo II accentua spesso il stretto legame della Vergine di Nazareth con la Santissima Trinità e il suo ruolo nel mistero di Cristo e della Chiesa. Lei è il modello dei comportamenti teotropici, cioè le virtù teologali, grazie ai quali si può rispondere al dono delle Divine Persone che dimorano nei battezzati. Nella mariologia del Papa risalta in primo luogo la virtù teologale della fede di Maria, paragonata alla fede di Abramo. Alla luce della dottrina mariologica del Papa, Maria è modello di preghiera, di ascesi e di apostolato, ed anche in certo modo modello della vita sacramentale, soprattutto dell'Eucarestia, come il Santo Padre ricorda nell'enciclica Ecclesia de Eucharistia.
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