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Contingency Theory and Public Emotions in Crisis Communication –A Conceptual Study

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Rose R., Kumar V. V., Kesari Jena L.
Journal of Education Culture and Society
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2023
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vol. 14
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issue 2
30-48
EN
Aim. Problems are inevitable in the subtleties of organizational communication, but it does not mean confronting them is uncontrollable. This paper aims to offer a conceptual structure for investigating contingency theory in Public Relations (PR) during an organizational crisis. The research investigates PR practitioners’ use of advocacy and accommodation in contingency theory to intervene in crisis communication. It also offers insights into the public’s emotional response and coping mechanisms during a crisis, as well as how understanding these emotions (such as anger, anxiety, fear, and grief, among others) could aid PR professionals in developing more effective crisis communication methods. Method. Empirical research was conducted on the basis of literature reviews by observing and analyzing the existing literature on contingency theory, crisis communication in organizations, and public emotions. Results. This conceptual paper proposes and empirically tests a few propositions. The implications for future studies are included in the paper. Findings promote the adopting a dual-continuum strategy that might assist public relations professionals in preferring superior crisis management strategies for obtaining desired organizational outcomes. Conclusion. The authors assert that PR professionals must move from embracing Grunig’s four models of excellence to contingency theory for communicating strategically with the public. The authors propose to adopt a dual-continuum approach that varies from advocacy to accommodation and might provide practical guidance to choose a better stance adopted by the organization towards the public during a crisis. The negative emotions of the public influenced by a crisis along with their emotional coping approaches are also discussed.
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The role of temperament in the changes of coping in Type 2 diabetes: direct and indirect relationships

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Kroemeke A., Kwissa-Gajewska Z.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2014
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vol. 45
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issue 2
240-248
EN
The paper investigates whether the changes in cognitive appraisal and coping strategies related to initiation of insulin treatment onset mediate the effect of temperament on changes in positivity ratio among diabetic patients. Temperament, cognitive appraisal, coping strategies and positivity ratio (ratio of positive to negative affect) were assessed among 278 patients: just before conversion to insulin therapy and then one month later. Mediation analysis indicated that endurance and briskness were directly connected to changes in positivity ratio, whilst the effect of perseveration on positivity ratio was indirect via changes in negative appraisal, emotion- and problem-focused coping. The results confirm the stressful nature of the initiation of insulin treatment, and the assumptions of Lazarus’ model of stress and regulative role of temperament.
3
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Osobnost a percepce zátěže mezi muži a ženami

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Paulík K.
Psychologie a její kontexty
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2010
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vol. 1
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issue 1
71-84
EN
This research focuses on the study of the psychological aspects of coping with stress in the interaction between personality and environment with regard to possible differences between men and women. At the centre of the author’s attention will be personality variables (five factors model) affecting perception of stress. These variables will then be analysed to reveal their potential connection with male/female differences.
4
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Determinants of aggressive coping strategies in adolescent youth in situations of social conflict

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Danuta B.-B.
Psychologia Wychowawcza
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2018
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issue Special issue
115-128
EN
The purpose of the study was to find personality and family predictors of aggressive coping strategies in adolescent youth in situations of social conflict. The Questionnaire for Analysis of Coping Strategies in Adolescents in Situations of Social Conflict (Kwestionariusz do badania strategii radzenia sobie młodzieży w sytuacji konfliktu społecznego, KSMK; designed by D. Borecka-Biernat), the Questionnaire for Analysis of the Sense of Control (Kwestionariusz do Badania Poczucia Kontroli, KBPK; designed by G. Krasowicz and A. Kurzyp-Wojnarska, the Stress Assessment Questionnaire (Kwestionariusz Oceny Stresu, KOS; designed by D. Włodarczyk and K. Wrześniewski), as well as M.Plopa’s Parental Attitude Scale (Skala Postaw Rodzicielskich, SPR) were used in the study. The empirical research was conducted in secondary schools on a sample of 893 adolescents (including 468 girls and 425 boys) in the age range of 13 to 15. In the light of the conducted studies it was determined that a strong conviction of the influence of other people on positive or negative outcomes of events , as well as the assessment of a situation of conflict as threat coincides with aggressive coping strategies in youth in situations of social conflict. The analysis of the results has revealed that the tendency to react aggressively to emotional tension generated in social conflict is shaped by an inappropriate parental attitude, characterized by an emotional distance of a parent to their adolescent child.
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