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Health enhancing coping as a mediator in relationships of positive emotionality and cognitive curiosity with quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients

100%
Kalka D., Pawłowska M.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2015
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vol. 46
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issue 3
362-375
EN
The number of people suffering from type 2 diabetes has been growing recently. This chronic disease is connected with lower perceived quality of life and experiencing a lot of stressful situations. Some of these situations can be anticipated. Thus, it is possible to prepare oneself for future difficult situations by using proactive coping strategies. The aim of this research was to verify the level of satisfaction with various areas of life, the frequency of use of proactive coping strategies in the case of type 2 diabetes patients and healthy individuals, as well as mediation role of these strategies in the relationship between positive emotionality, cognitive curiosity and perceived quality of life. One hundred and seventy four persons took part in the research: 85 persons with diabetes and 89 healthy individuals. We used instruments with recognized psychometric properties: The Proactive Coping Inventory, The World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-BREF, PANAS Questionnaire and State-Trait Personality Inventory. The analysis of the results showed, among other things, that people suffering from type 2 diabetes are the least satisfied with their health, and the most with their treatment and knowledge about the disease. Healthy individuals are the most satisfied with the physical domain and one’s present life, whereas the least satisfied with the environmental domain. Both groups differ in terms of using proactive coping strategies. People with diabetes most often adopt a preventive strategy, whereas healthy individuals a reflective one. Two strategies turned out to be able to mediate in the relationship of positive emotionality and life satisfaction in the diabetes group. It was a strictly proactive and preventive coping strategy. No mediation effect was found in the group of healthy people. The results show that in the face of anticipated difficulties, people with type 2 diabetes try to protect their current resources by resorting to their existing knowledge, the level of which they are most satisfied with. The higher the positive emotionality/cognitive curiosity among people with type 2 diabetes, the higher their satisfaction with life, which is due to the fact, that they more frequently use proactive or preventive strategies to cope with stress.
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Edukacja STEM a aktywność poznawcza dziecka w wieku przedszkolnym

63%
Samborska I.
Edukacja Elementarna w Teorii i Praktyce
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2019
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vol. 14
|
issue 4(54)
49-59
PL
Problematyka badawcza artykułu koncentruje się na ukazaniu specyfiki edukacji STEM jako przestrzeni sprzyjającej rozwojowi aktywności poznawczej dziecka w wieku przedszkolnym. Celem prowadzonych badań jest rozpoznanie wymiarów rzeczywistości dziecka, które stanowią dla niego ważne doświadczenia naukowe. Przedmiotem analiz uczyniono wypowiedzi 54 dzieci w starszym wieku przedszkolnym ze środowiska wielkomiejskiego. Wypowiedzi dzieci przybrały formę pytań. Metodą badania była analiza treści. Tło dla badań stanowi przedstawienie istoty dokonujących się przemian w przestrzeni edukacji. Kierunek zmian określa koncepcja STEM, która powstała dla podniesienia efektywności edukacji oraz poprawy jej jakości. W jej zakres wchodzą nauki ścisłe, technologia, inżynieria, matematyka. W edukacji STEM podkreśla się możliwość elastycznego reagowania na zmiany oraz radzenia sobie z ich nieprzewidywalnością. Pożądane jest rozwijanie zainteresowania edukacją STEM od najmłodszych lat. Edukacja oparta na tematach STEM staje się przestrzenią wyzwalającą kreatywność i zaangażowanie uczących się. Staje się generatorem pomysłów i impulsem dla innowacji. W ostatniej części artykułu przedstawiono doniesienia z badań na temat ciekawości poznawczej dzieci w starszym wieku przedszkolnym wyrażającej się w pytaniach badanych. W celu zobrazowania treści doświadczeń dzieci związanych z nauką przywoływano wypowiedzi badanych. Przeprowadzone analizy ukazują potencjał naukowy dziecka oraz stanowią rozpoznanie w kierunku personalizacji treści w edukacji.
EN
The research issue of the article focuses on presenting the specificity of STEM education as a space conducive to the development of cognitive activity of a child at the pre-school age. The aim of the research is to recognize the dimensions of the child’s reality, which are important scientific experiences for him/her. The subject of the analysis included the utterances of 54 older preschool children from a big city. The children’s utterances took the form of questions. The research method was content analysis. The background for the research is the presentation of the essence of the transformations taking place in the space of education. The direction of change is determined by the STEM concept, which was created to increase the effectiveness of education and improve its quality. Its scope includes science, technology, engineering and mathematics. STEM education emphasises the ability to respond flexibly to change, and to cope with its unpredictability. It is desirable to develop an interest in STEM education from an early age. Education based on STEM themes becomes a space that triggers creativity and involvement of learners. It becomes a generator of ideas and an impulse for innovation. The last part of the article presents reports from the research on the cognitive curiosity of older preschool children expressed in the questions of the respondents. In order to illustrate the content of children’s experiences related to science, the respondents’ statements were referred to. The conducted analyses show the scientific potential of the child and constitute a recognition in the direction of personalization of the content in education.
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