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EN
This paper gives an overview of the fundamental features that characterize Construction Grammar as a distinct approach to linguistic analysis. I discuss the theory’s conceptual underpinnings, introduce the basics of its representational apparatus, and briefly demonstrate the ways in which a constructional analysis is generally carried out, using both English and Czech data. The center of attention is on the notion ‘construction’ as a theoretical entity and the basic unit of analysis, which allows for both the Gestalt‑ like, holistic view of linguistic patterning and for keeping track of the internal properties of larger patterns. The constructional approach is shown to be well suited to accounting not just for fully schematic grammatical patterns but also for partial productivity.
PL
The present study offers a cognitive linguistic account of selected recent derivatives in -izm/-yzm, such as jakizm, cejrowskizm, erdoganizm and petruizm(y)pl. Over a hundred complex nouns of this type, employing a politician’s or a public figure’s name as the derivational base, have been culled from online written sources. The coinages under analysis are mostly occasionalisms that are currently used in informal and semi-formal political discourse in Poland. Both their morpho-syntactic and semanto-pragmatic properties are examined. The focus is placed on metonymies and metaphors that motivate the construction of their meaning and enhance their semantic analysability.
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