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EN
Farewell volume by Czeslaw Milosz was entitled ‘It’. Because of the importance of the text, some re-viewers compared the text with the epilogue to ‘The Tempest’ by William Shakespeare. Tadeusz Rożewicz published a parody of Miłosz’s text entitled ‘This and That’. By adding ‘… and that’, he produced an effect resembling the puncturing of the bubble of illusion. The goal of this and similar polemics by Różewicz was not to arouse uncontrollable laughter, but recall a smile. Smile is always associated with the form and serves to maintain the continuity of culture. In intertextual games, the poet uses dif-ferent styles. The fact that he often reached for ludic and farcical conventions does not diminish the sophistication of his media. In the process of ridicule, the poet always kept the authenticity and naturalness. What is the kind of humor by Różewicz? We should rather talk about the many shades of his humor.
EN
The modern linguistics is gaining a more and more anthropocentric markedness. This contributes, among others, to increased interest in language awareness. This paper is intended to provide both an overview and a systematisation. The threads it touches upon concern three issues. The author defines the very notion of language awareness, outlines the operating mechanisms of the mental base of speech, and identifies the subjects to whom language awareness may be attributed. Language awareness needs to be considered a separate mental structure being a fragment of the general human awareness. The structure has a dual nature. Some of its reserves are innate components, others are contents and dispositions obtained in the course of individual development. Both are responsible for language acquisition, coordinate language activities, and substantiate various judgments regarding speech as a portion of the collective life, i.e. a product of culture and a culture-building measure. The contents composing the broadly defined individual language awareness at the same time create the cognitive sphere, the pragmatic sphere, and the affective sphere. Obviously, specific language decisions are influenced by collective linguistic views. The speaker always gives in to supraindividual rules, which are an outcome of the states of collective consciousness.
EN
A psychological portrait of orphans and children left without parental care reveals in conditions of professionally technical studies. Individual psychological characteristics of children-orphans and children deprived of parental care determined in the emotional, cognitive, mastering field of personality. Various socio-psychological patterns of the personality of orphans and children left without parental care are actualized.
PL
Ukazuje się psychologiczny portret sierot i dzieci pozostawionych bez opieki rodzicielskiej w zakresie edukacji zawodowej. Wyznaczono indywidualne cechy psychologiczne sierot i dzieci pozostawionych bez opieki rodzicielskiej w emocjonalnej, poznawczej, radzącej sobie sferach osobowości. Ulepszono różne społeczne i psychologiczne wzorce osobowości sierot i dzieci pozostawionych bez opieki rodzicielskiej.
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