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1

The relationship between metronidazole concentration and clinicopathological parameters in patients with colon cancer: A pilot study

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Sadowska A., Car H., Rodziewicz L., Cepowicz D., Kędra B.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2013
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vol. 3
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issue 2
74-81
EN
Purpose: To evaluate the concentration of metronidazole (MTZ) and its hydroxy metabolite (MTZOH) in cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue in colorectal cancer patients in correlation with clinicopathologic parameters. Material and methods: MTZ and MTZOH concentration were measured in tumor tissue and surrounding healthy tissue by LC-ESI-MS-MS method. Results: We found different concentration of MTZ and MTZOH in colorectal cancer and healthy tissue, however the results were not statistically significant. MTZ concentration was elevated in tumors located in rectum, in patients over 60 years old, in patients without metastases to regional lymph nodes (N0) while decreasing with increasing tumor size. Women accumulated greater amounts of MTZ in comparison to men. Conclusion: Comparison of the concentration of the drug and its metabolite in tumor and normal colon tissue shows its different reaction to MTZ. MTZ concentration in the tumor and normal colon tissue is sex-dependent.
2

Detection of PRL-3 protein in the preoperative serum of patients with colorectal cancer

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Pryczynicz A., Dymicka-Piekarska V., Niewiarowska K., Gryko M., Niksa M., Hawryluk M., Kemona A., Famulski W.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2013
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vol. 3
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issue 1
49-53
EN
Purpose: The aim of study was to detect PRL-3 protein in sera of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: The study group consisted of 22 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 10 healthy controls. The serum concentration of PRL-3 protein was evaluated by the ELISA method. Results: In the study group with colorectal cancer, the level of PRL-3 protein in preoperative sera was negative (<0.115ng/ml) in 7 cases while the mean value of PRL-3 concentration was 0.616ng/ml (range 0.206-2.072ng/ml) in 15 patients. No statistically significant differences between the study group and healthy controls were observed. Our data showed that increase in level of PRL-3 protein in sera of patients with colorectal cancer is associated with greater tumor size (p<0.05). Conclusions: PRL-3 protein was found to be present in sera of patients with colorectal cancer. However, our study indicates lack of clinical usefulness of determining the levels of PRL-3 in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer.
3
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K-RAS mutations in colorectal cancer in patients from Podlaskie region

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Chomczyk M., Czajka P.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2016
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vol. 6(1)
70-77
EN
Introduction: In Poland, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death. The incidence of colorectal cancer increases with age and early onset indicates and increased likelihood for genetic predisposition for this disease. The somatic genetics of tumor development in relation to patients age, gender, sex and morphological factors are unknown in Podlaskie region, Poland. Materials and methods: We investigated seventy five patients (43 men and 32 women) who underwent surgery for cancer of the colorectal in the II Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Medical University of Białystok in 2002- 2007. The average age of patients was 64.8 years (the average age of women 66.7, men 63.1). All patients for the study of molecular research (absence or presence of K-RAS mutations) had histopathology confirmed adenocarcinoma. Results: There was no correlation presence or absence of mutations in K-RAS of the following clinical and morphological factors: gender, age, location, degree of tumor differentiation, tumor size and metastases to lymph nodes and other organs The gene encoding the K-Ras protein is mutated in 20- 50% of cases of colorectal cancer. Such a difference of results is influenced by several factors: differences of the techniques used for detecting mutations, differences in codon of the gene that is considered codon 12 and /or 13 and / or 61 and differences in the selection and study population. Conclusions: These data suggest the clinical and morphological factors in patients with colorectal cancer have no effect on the presence of K-RAS. mutation.
4
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Symptoms of colorectal cancer contributes to its localization and advancement

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Nizioł M., Kostrzewska B., Kamińska D., Domurat M., Zińczuk J., Misiura M., Guzińska-Ustymowicz K., Pryczynicz A.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2019
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vol. 1
76-82
EN
Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers occurring in Poland. Unfortunately, this cancer is most often diagnosed at the time of great advancement. This is caused by the appearance of specific symptoms only in the late stages of cancer. Also, such low detection of early stages of adenocarcinoma may be caused by disregarding of slight symptoms. Purpose: To analyse symptoms in patients with colorectal cancer and correlate with chosen clinical-pathological parameters. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 46 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Information on symptoms associated with cancer (subjective and objective) have been selected from patients' medical history. The presence of these symptoms was correlated with the age and sex of patients, tumor location, histological type of cancer, grade of histological malignancy (G), stage of tumor (T stage), presence of lymph node metastases and distant metastases. Results: It has been shown that the presence of pain complaints described by the patient are associated with the occurrence of cancer in the colon. The painfulness and pathological resistance diagnosed by the physician are more often associated with cancer located in the colon. In the case of tumors located in the rectum, faecal admixtures appear more frequently. It has also been shown that the presence of admixtures of blood and mucus in the stool is associated with more advanced local tumors, infiltrating pericolorectal tissues (T3 + T4). Conclusions: Familiarity with clinical symptoms of colorectal cancer could make patients more sensitive to more often screening for cancer. Analysis of these symptoms could indicate to the physician the location or stage of the cancer.
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Effects of hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy on GM-CSF, MIF, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 secretion in colorectal cancer cells in vitro

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Międzybrodzka A., Kawczyk-Krupka A., Aebisher D., Cieślar G., Czuba Z. P.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2023
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issue 2
202-216
EN
Introduction and aim. Photodynamic therapy with hypericin (HYP-PDT) is gaining importance as a potential treatment method for malignant neoplasms. The following study investigated whether HYP-PDT influences the secretion of certain factors of colon cancer cells in vitro. Material and methods. Two colon cancer cell lines were used in this experiment: SW480 and SW620. The cells were properly prepared and then treated with photodynamic therapy with hypericin at concentrations of 0.25 µM and 0.5 µM and irradiation at the doses of 1 J/cm2 , 5 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2 . After using HYP-PDT, changes in the concentrations of four factors: GM-CSF, MIF, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were analyzed in the test tubes. Results. In the case of SW480 cells: a notable decrease in GM-CSF, MIF, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 secretion was noted after HYP-PDT. In the case of SW620 cells, after HYP-PDT: no effect on GM-CSF secretion was noted; it inhibited the secretion of VCAM-1 and MIF and increased the secretion of ICAM-1. Conclusion. Photodynamic therapy with hypericin shows immunomodulatory potential in an in vitro cell line experiments. This may indicate its possible ability to modify the course of malignant tumors and therefore requires further research.
6
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Effect of photodynamic therapy with hypericin on the secretion of selected cytokines of colorectal cancer cells tested in vitro

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Międzybrodzka A., Kawczyk-Krupka A., Aebisher D., Cieślar G., Czuba Z. P.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2023
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issue 2
194-201
EN
Introduction and aim. Photodynamic therapy is a complex process involving the introduction of photosensitizers into the patient’s body and irradiation of them in order to destroy the lesion, and activate the immune system. An important role in photodynamic therapy is played by photobiochemical and physical mechanisms that affect the tumor vessels and lead to the death of the damaged cell. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of photodynamic therapy with the use of Hypericin (Hyp) on the secretion of selected cytokines by colorectal cancer cells. Material and methods. Two colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 were used in the study. Cells treated Hypericin were exposed to visible light. Then cell viability was determined by the MTT assay with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. Assays were performed for control samples without hypericin and light exposure, with Hyp without light exposure, without Hyp and irradiated with light, and test samples with Hyp and light exposure. Results. In the experiment we reveal, that Hyp- photodynamic activity does not influence the secretion of cytokines. Conclusion. The obtaining results confirming the destructive effect of Hyp- PDT on the colon cancer cells, show a possibility of extending the indication for photodynamic therapy using Hyp, qualification of precancerous changes.
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Role of diet in primary prevention of colorectal cancer

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Kamińska D., Klusek J., Klusek J.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Biologiae Pertinentia
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2016
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issue Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia ad Didacticam Biologiae Pertinentia VI (2016)
20-30
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Profilaktyka w systemie ochrony zdrowia – walka z nowotworami i chorobami układu krążenia

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Paszkiewicz D., Piotrkowski J.
Kontrola Państwowa
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2017
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vol. 62
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issue 4 (375)
77-96
EN
Observing its importance to human health, NIK, on its own initiative, conducted an audit whose main objective was to evaluate health prevention in the areas of gastroenterology, gynaecology and cardiology, related to prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the effects of these diseases. The audit covered secondary prevention that consists in early detection of pathological processes/changes. In their article, the authors present the detailed findings of the audit.
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Wpływ kurkuminy na uszkodzenia DNA indukowane mutagennym składnikiem żywności (heterocykliczną aminą aromatyczną) wlimfocytach pacjentów z nowotworem jelita grubego

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Cierniak A., Łabno A., Winiarski M., Dembiński, Budzyński P., Kalemba-Drożdż M.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2017
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issue 4
24-40
PL
Wprowadzenie: Żywność zawiera potencjalnie mutagenne substancje, takie jak PhIP, heterocykliczna amina aromatyczna powstająca podczas obróbki cieplnej mięsa, jak również substancje mogące działać w sposób ochronny poprzez m.in. modulowanie odpowiedzi antyoksydacyjnej i przeciwzapalnej, jak np. kurkumina, która jest obecna w kurkumie i mieszance curry. Materiał i metody: W przedstawionych badaniach analizowano rolę PhIP i kurkuminy na uszkodzenia DNA w limfocytach izolowanych z krwi pacjentów z rakiem jelita grubego. Limfocyty osób z rakiem jelita grubego (10 pacjentów) oraz zdrowych (kontrola, 6 osób) traktowano PhIP i/lub kurkuminą, następnie poziom uszkodzeń DNA porównano metodą kometową. Wyniki: Wstępne wyniki sugerują, że limfocyty chorych na nowotwór jelita grubego mają większe podstawowe uszkodzenia DNA niż te od osób zdrowych. Uszkodzenia wywoływane PhIP są liniowo zależne od zastosowanej dawki i mogą być zredukowane w obecności kurkuminy (zwłaszcza w stężeniu do 5 μM). Wnioski: Dane wskazują, że kurkumina może wywierać działanie ochronne przed uszkodzeniami DNA indukowanymi mutagenem obecnym w żywności.
EN
Introduction: Food contains substances that are potentially mutagens such as PhIP, heterocyclic aromatic amine, produced during heat treatment of meat, as well as substances that may act in protective manner, inter alia by modulating the antioxidant and anti-infl ammatory response, such as curcumin, which is present in turmeric and curry. Material and methods: This study investigated the effect of PhIP and curcumin on DNA damage in lymphocytes isolated from the blood of colorectal cancer patients. Lymphocytes from individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer (N=10) and healthy individuals (control, N=6) were treated with PhIP or/and curcumin, followed by analysis of DNA damage using single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Results: Preliminary results suggest that lymphocytes of patients with colorectal cancer have a greater baseline DNA damage than those from healthy individuals. PhIP-induced DNA damage is dose-dependent and can be reduced in the presence of curcumin, especially at low concentration (up to 5 μM). Conclusions: The data show that curcumin may exert a protective effect against DNA damage induced by mutagens present in food.
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Educational models for training in minimally invasive colorectal surgery

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Sánchez-Margallo F. M., Durán-Rey D., González-Portillo M. R., López-Agudelo I., Sánchez-Margallo J. A.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2021
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issue 1
115-140
PL
Rak jelita grubego (RJG) jest trzecim co do częstotliwości rozpoznawania nowotworem złośliwym na świecie, a także czwartą przyczyną zgonów na nowotwory złośliwe. Głównym elementem leczenia RJG jest operacja, którą można wykonać przez rozległe nacięcie powłok lub za pomocą technik minimalnie inwazyjnych. Do tych drugich należą: endoskopowa chirurgia transanalna (TEM ), przezodbytowa chirurgia minimalnie inwazyjna (TAMIS), przezodbytowe całkowite wycięcie mezorektum (TaTME ) oraz chirurgia wspomagana robotowo. Analizy danych potwierdzają, że techniki minimalnie inwazyjne są bezpieczne, równie skuteczne onkologicznie co techniki tradycyjne, a także wiążą się z szybszym powrotem chorych do pełnej sprawności. Ich wspólną cechą są niestety wysokie wymagania techniczne oraz długa krzywa uczenia. W artykule omówione zostały różne techniki minimalnie inwazyjne stosowane w leczeniu RJG oraz metody nauczania tych technik. Jak dotąd opracowano wiele sposobów szkolenia dla różnych technik operacyjnych. Większość opiera się na symulatorach chirurgicznych zarówno rzeczywistych, jak i wirtualnych oraz na wykorzystaniu modeli eksperymentalnych i preparatów z ludzkich zwłok. Niestety usystematyzowane modele szkolenia w minimalnie inwazyjnej chirurgii RJG są nadal rzadkością. Widać wyraźnie potrzebę opracowania konsensusu dotyczącego szkolenia w poszczególnych metodach operacyjnych. Tego rodzaju programy powinny zapewnić uczestniczącym w nich chirurgom zdobycie wiedzy pozwalającej na skuteczne wykonywanie zabiegów w celu zapewnienia pacjentom jak najlepszych efektów leczenia.
EN
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fourth most deadly cancer in the world for which surgery is the main treatment. Colorectal surgery can be performed through a wide incision in the abdomen or using minimally invasive surgical (MIS) techniques. Some of these techniques include transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM ), transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS), transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME ), and robot-assisted surgery. Studies increasingly confirm that resections using MIS techniques are safe, oncologically equivalent to open surgery and have better short-term results. These surgical approaches are, however, technically demanding and result in a steep learning curve. The main objective of this study is to review the different MIS techniques for colorectal surgery, as well as the training tools and programs designed to achieve the necessary surgical skills. Different training programs in colorectal surgery have been reported for the different surgical techniques analyzed. Most of these programs are based on training tools in the form of surgical simulators, physical and virtual, as well as the use of experimental and cadaveric models. However, structured training programs in minimally invasive colorectal surgery remain scarce, and there should be a consensus on the fundamental training aspects for the various surgical techniques presented. These training programs should ensure that surgeons acquire sufficient surgical skills to be competent in the development of these surgical techniques, improving the quality of the patient’s surgical outcomes.
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