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PRAWNE FORMY WŁĄCZENIA OBYWATELI W TWORZENIE AKTÓW PRAWA MIEJSCOWEGO

100%
Śwital P.
Civitas et Lex
|
2019
|
issue 4(24)
19-31
EN
Local democracy is considered one of the most important parts of the democratic system. It enables the articulation of civic needs and preferences. Creating grounds for active participation in creating local law for residents of local government units is one of the basic instruments for building a civil society. The aim of the article is to analyze legal provisions guaranteeing the inclusion of citizens in the creation of local law acts. The right to establish local law is expressed in social participation and is based on an appropriate system of values. The law-making activity of local self-government regulates the functioning of local self-government communities and creates the legal framework for its operation. The concept of local law and social participation institutions such as public consultation and legislative initiative are discussed in the paper.
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Финансовая независимость гмины в Польше – основы и результаты

86%
Залесны Я.
Studia Politologiczne
|
2016
|
vol. 39
194-212
EN
The present analysis is devoted to the financial autonomy of communes and the ways of understanding it. The author analyzes the legal, jurisdictional and actual determinants of the commune’s financial independence and points to the consequences following from them. The author poses a hypothesis that the constitutional value in the form of the financial autonomy of communes is not full realized by the parliament in contemporary Poland, with the Constitutional Tribunal underestimating it. The increase in the revenues of communes is not adequate to the duties assigned to them by the parliament. The consequences of the ongoing process include an increased debt of the communes and their problems with realization of the needs of local communities, the latter being the goal whose realization was the reason to have established the local self-government.
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