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EN
The principal objective of this research was to compare research productivity of top five universities in Indonesia and Malaysia. To reveal the purpose of this research, comparative research was conducted. Data collection was based on Scopus database. Findings showed that over the period 2000 – 2017, top five universities in Indonesia produced only 3000 – 9000, whereas top five universities in Malaysia produced 29,000 – 39,000 articles. The findings suggest that top five universities in Indonesia, or generally all universities in Indonesia, should encourage academics, lecturers, students, and researchers to produce more research articles.
EN
The paper includes the results of the sociological survey accomplished in Zgorzelec (2010), Gubin (201 3) and Słubice (2015). In each case the same methodology was applied – structured interview with probability representative samples. The paper focuses on issues: 1. The emotional approach of the inhabitants of Zgorzelec, Gubin and Słubice, i.e. declared level of liking, indifference or antipathy towards German neighbours, and the opinions on mutual relations. 2. The readiness for contact with a German neighbour appearing in different roles (“the close ones”, “professional”, and the roles “connected with the market”). 3. The type of contacts with Germans – the reasons of mobility to the neighbouring German town by the inhabitants of Zgorzelec, Gubin and Słubice and frequency of border crossing in order to achieve particular goals. Interethnic relations in the situation of geographical vicinity and the open border are shaped on different grounds than the ones in the interior. We try to compare the results of the research accomplished in the borderland with the data obtained from the research done on the all-Polish sample (by the Institute of Public Affairs). The paper includes also methodological reflections (about comparison of researches within borderlandstudies and research on borderland effect).
EN
The paper describes the niche of questionnaire translation in cross-national surveys and its characteristics (theoretical framework and scholarly reflection, methodology, practice of questionnaire translation), indicating some gaps to be filled by future Translation Studies research in this subfield.
EN
Aging society challenges with questions of not only how but mostly who will take care of an increasing number of elderly people. Research shows that the care situation causes stress, sense of isolation and depression amongst caregivers who most frequently are family members. The aim of this study was to examine differences between informal caregivers and control group of non-caregivers consisted of 78 participants aged 35 60. The study compared variables including social support from family, friends and professionals and self-esteem. The investigation showed no statistically significant differences between groups. It is assumed that cultural factors played a significant role in given results as further research is required.
Werkwinkel
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2015
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vol. 10
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issue 1
115-130
EN
In this ongoing research we are going to have a look at the starting point for the burgeoning national feelings with two smaller nations: the Slovak and the Flemish national movement. Building on the methodological framework of nationalism researcher Miroslav Hroch, one can discern a threefold stage - model in the national movements of the smaller nations in Europe, which is a thesis still needing more empirical evidence. This article attempts to compare at least one aspect of early nineteenth-century nation - building: How were the literary societies functioning in both national movements? We are working in a time scope of the first half of the 19th century and ask ourselves the questions: until which extend reached literary societies? What was their impact? Which people were their readers, their public? Was their language, and their language-spreading aim representative for the whole nation? What similarities and differences can be found in Flanders and Slovakia in this field? Important support can be obtained from the NISE - network, which attempts to create a database on a European scale in order to stimulate and optimize comparative and transnational research on nation building.
EN
Issues concerning access to higher education are seen diefrently in various European education systems. In some of them, the paths leading to the desired college or universi can be wide, in others dicfiult to reach or very bumpy. Learners of schools for adults represent a particular group vulnerable to dicfiulties in accessing higher education. F these learners, the accomplishment of the entrance examination requirements is not alw equally achievable as for youth schools students. iThs paper presents the comparison of various approaches to the issue of access to higher education for adult learners in Europ countries. In particular, it indicates two systems of learners' skills evaluation, similar i of organization but opposite in obtained results. eTh rfist one is Finnish and the second one Polish Matriculation Examination system, regarded as the Entrance Exams to universi level education. Both systems are presented from the perspective of learners of schools adults, mostly young people who have dropeed out of the youth system. eTh analyses take into account secondary data from examination sessions 2015-2018, provided by the Polish Central Examination Board and the Finnish Matriculation Examination Board. eTh main goal of this paper is to indicate the dicfiulties faced by learners of upper secondary schoo for adults, especially in Poland. eTh dicfiulties causing that door to higher education are closed in front of these learners.
EN
The author presents the current state of performance budgeting in Poland in the light of the comparative research conducted by the Ministry of Finance during the study visits abroad and the results of analyses carried out by the OECD experts. The first section of the paper provides an overview of the performance-based budgeting in several countries (historical background, rationale behind implementation, methods and tasks). Next, selected aspects of performance-based budgeting in Poland are covered. The final section highlights the conclusions and recommendations provided by the OECD.
EN
Standardization of measurement is a prerequisite for cross-national and/or overtime comparative analyses. However, there are instances in the literature where the validation of constructs resulted in producing scales or subscales defined differently from the proposed theoretical structure and across countries. In this paper, we propose an empirical methodology that provides standardized overall measurements of unidimensional constructs to be used in cross-national and overtime comparative research. Initially, the inclusion of items for further analyses is investigated at country level and overtime. The common items are to define the overall measurements and their structure is validated. Based on the Confirmatory factor analyses results, their psychometric properties are assessed. To demonstrate the implementation of the suggested methodology and facilitate practical applications, we use the human values measurements included in the European Social Survey questionnaire for Southern Europe, 2002-2018. Moreover, in order to show how these measurements may be used in further analyses, their association to subjective life satisfaction, happiness and general health are also presented.
EN
Lack of data has been a serious deficiency for comparative research on adult learning until recently. The present paper explores new opportunities based on the European Adult Education Survey (AES). It argues that general indicators of participation in adult education and training must be complemented by more specific indicators revealing sectoral structures and behavioural patterns within the adult learning system. AES as a subject-specific survey can help to understand better “what is behind” a general level of participation in adult learning, as provided in other statistics. Country variations are explored across a set of 16 European countries.
EN
A personal review of the book version of Ewangelina Skalińska’s doctoral thesis devoted to Norwid and Dostoevsky. It discusses the threefold composition of the dissertation and underlines the dashing comparative analysis of Norwid’s Assunta and Dostoevsky’s A Gentle Creature. The open character of the research project is stressed. The reviewer discusses in detail another parallel, between two London texts: Norwid’s The Larva and Dostoevsky’s Winter Notes on Summer Impressions. In conclusion there is a passage on the inspiring role of Skalińska’s book, which fills an important gap and draws a horizon for the future comparative research.
EN
Recent years have witnessed major demographic changes in the Polish society. It is clearly visible that the birth rate has been continuously falling down, which, obviously, affects the functioning of schools in this country. However, a smaller number of children is not used to create less numerous classes, thus offering students a chance to learn in a more comfortable environment. The number of pupils in classes remains constant, but the number of only children in them increases significantly. The author of this article studies this particular group of students in an attempt to determine if there are any differences in the functioning of children with and without siblings in the areas of their ego states, transactions and time structures.
EN
Why are things different on the other side of national borders; and how can this be explained sociologically? This inaugural lecture tries to answer these questions, starting from the example of the bicycle in the Netherlands. It distinguishes four processes that have contributed to increasing similarity within nations: growing interdependence within nations; increasing density of networks and institutions; vertical diffusion of styles and standards; and the development of national we-feelings. Together, these processes have contributed to the development of national habitus: increasing similarities within nations, and increasing differences between people living in different countries. These processes have reached their apex in the second half of the twentieth century. Since then, they have diminished, leading to increasing variations within countries, and growing similarities between comparable groups in different countries. This analysis poses new questions and challenges for sociologists. First, it leads us to rethink comparative research: what are we comparing when we compare nations, and is this still a viable unit of analysis? Second, it leads us to consider how the transfer of styles and standards occurs in our informalized, globalized, and mediatized age. Third, sociologists should analyse the new forms of inequality resulting from these processes, such as the growing rift between ‘locals’ and (bike-loving) cosmopolitans.
EN
The aim of this comparative research was to map the emergence of folk dance groups, ant to assess the role of folk dance in preserving Estonianism among Estonians in exile. For Estonians, their national format became the politically correct form of self-expression. For long decades this form, comprising folk costumes, songs and dance festivals in a national romantic spirit, ond originating from the period on national awakening, has suited Estonians.
PL
This article presents the most important aims and conduction of the “Patriotic Studies” project, carried by us. Research was carried out in Poland, Russia, Turkey, Georgia and Romania. We present the foundations of our decisions, and methodological solutions in fields of: aims, identification of the most important ideas, state of knowledge, research inspirations. We present the chosen research method, sample, and tested environments. In addition, the article contains the reconstruction of selected aspects of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, on which we based our strategy. The described research has the comparative and international nature. Three main aims were established: measuring the level and scope of identification with the state and society among the university students, measuring the level of social, economic and cultural capital of the examined youth and examining the correlation between them and the level of identification with the state and society manifested by the respondents, as well as determining and examining the possible correlations between the patriotic attitude (the degree of identification with the state and society) and the field of study, the country of residence and the level of symbolic capital.
PL
Analiza kontekstualna, w tym osadzenie zjawisk w ich logice historycznych wydarzeń, jest podstawowym zadaniem pedagogiki porównawczej. W polskiej pedagogice porównawczej zwykło się przywiązywać mniejszą wagę do roli historii i znaczenia pamięci dla całościowego uchwycenia znaczeń analizowanych zjawisk i poszukiwania odpowiedzi na istotne problemy poznawcze. Tradycyjne podejście skoncentrowane jest na perspektywie teraźniejszej i przyszłej, i tak też postrzega się problemy edukacyjne w prowadzonym dyskursie pedagogiki porównawczej. Uwzględnianie znaczenia myślenia historycznego w metodologii pedagogiki porównawczej jest o tyle istotne, że ukazuje szeroki kontekst i pozwala na rozumienie, a nie wyłącznie przedstawianie zjawisk.
EN
The contextual analysis including the embedding of phenomena in their logic of historical events is the basic task of comparative education. The article presents a new approach to comparative education in the Polish comparative discourse, based primarily on the ideas of pedagogical constructivism, opening a discussion on a new methodological paradigm, which is the place of historical context and memory in comparative research. Taking into account the importance of historical thinking in the methodology of comparative education is important insofar as it shows a wide context and allows for understanding and not only presenting phenomena.
EN
This article explores patterns of mediatized participation of European citizens and the way they differ across different media systems, in a multilevel, cross-national comparative research design. Mediatized participation is operationalized as audience practices on the Internet. The media system is conceptualized through the theoretical model of digital mediascapes, which applied to 22 European Union countries produced three clusters/media systems. The audience data are from representative online surveys in 8 eastern and western European countries N = 9532 collected by the authors and their research partners. Factor and cluster analyses were performed showing types and patterns of mediatized participation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and ANOVA were performed to relate the individual level variables to the macro-level clusters of digital media systems. The article shows audiences in the more mediatized, Western cluster are more engaged in participatory practices in comparison to audiences in the Eastern/Southern cluster of European countries which show more extensive information consumption practices.
EN
The article discusses the key theories, concepts, and notions used in comparative research into intergenerational social class mobility. More specifically, it discusses the Featherman, Jones, and Hauser hypothesis about cross-national similarity in social class mobility, describes a distinction between absolute and relative social mobility, and presents the Erikson-Goldthorpe-Portocarero class scheme. After discussing the results of both classical and recent studies on intergenerational social class mobility, this paper deals with the evidence-based policy recommendations relevant for decision-makers who can influence within certain limits the extent to which the rate of intergenerational social mobility can be equalised.
PL
W artykule zostały przedstawione wyniki badań porównawczych dotyczących wybranych motywów podjęcia studiów przez absolwentów szkół średnich w Polsce i Słowacji na przykładzie Uniwersytetu Mateja Bela w Bańskiej Bystrzycy oraz Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. W badaniach zostały wzięte pod uwagę różne aspekty, takie jak: zainteresowanie kierunkiem studiów, zaintere-sowania własne, jakości życia po ukończeniu studiów, otrzymanie dobrej pracy po studiach, przymus otoczenia oraz chęć zachowania młodości.
EN
The aim of this research paper is to present results of selected motives given by secondary schools graduates who wished to pursuit further education at the University level on the example of the Matej Bela University in Banska Bystrica in Slovakia and the University of Rzeszów in Poland. Various aspects have been taken into considerations such as personal interests, interests in the field of study, the quality of life after graduation, being offered a good job after graduation, peer and environment pressure, and the will to ‘stay young’.
EN
Determination of the Russian language character was the central question of the long scientific discussion. The work of F. P. Filin (1977), which finishes this discussion, establishes the Eastern- Slavic character of the Russian literary language, and the important role of the Russian folk speech in the formation of its national characteristics. This problem has a connection with the relationship between language and culture. The determination of the Eastern characteristics of the Russian folk culture is the central problem of the works of N. S. Troubetzkoy. He determined the area of the «Russian cultural zone», formed by the intensive contacts between the Russian people and the Finno-Ugric and Turkish population. Our study examins the vocabulary and derivation of the Russian folk speech, which in the opinion of the researchers reflected the important features of the characteristics of the national language.
EN
This essay examines Jurgis Baltušaitis’ writings and shows its connections with the works of Henri Focillon, Aby Warburg and Athanasius Kircher. Baltušaitis oriented his interdisciplinary analyses in art history and cultural studies. The essay aims to demonstrate the complexity and importance of Baltrušaitis’ ideas that are developed in the comparative research of medieval art history, depraved perspectives, aberrations and illusions. Those works are linked by the philosophy of image and imagination that stand at the crossroads between abstractness and concreteness, myth and history, reality and illusion, rational and irrational forces, the East and West. This article tries to shape Baltrušaitis’ legacy by offering an insight into his thinking which unites various research topics, typically excluded from positivistic studies. It reveals the underlying structures of cultural imaginary in which cross-cultural interactions take place. It argues for the revaluation of his oeuvre by attending to the theoretical concerns behind his historical research program.
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