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DER ZWEIFEL AN DER METAPHER. BETRACHTUNGEN ZU FRANZ KAFKAS STIL

100%
Mihăileasa L.-E.
Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies
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2010
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vol. 2
51-62
EN
In the article “The Rejection of the Metaphor. Thoughts on the Kafkian Style” we argue that the simplicity of the Praguean writer’s style and the purposeful avoidance of metaphor are based on the conviction that reality is one, indivisible and uninterpretable, and that literature should express this reality. For Kafka, metaphor is not a way to reveal the essence of reality, but a trap that alienates the writer from the essence of things. By trying to find the limits of the correspondence between literature and reality and attempting to reach the utopia of the total correspondence between word and world, Kafka builds his own style, one characterized by great simplicity, clearness and concreteness, where metaphor is used parsimoniously.
2
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Psychologická vzdálenost v kontextu vzdělávání

75%
Kundrát J., Cakirpaloglu P.
E-psychologie (E-psychology)
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2016
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vol. 10
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issue 3
40-50
EN
The construal level theory is a broadly accepted theory in social psychology, investigated by many researchers in recent years. Today the theory provides a research frame for variety of topics from the marketing and customer behaviour to cognitive functions, coping strategies or morality (Moss, 2016). In the heart of the theory there is the understanding of the mechanisms of construing mental representations and how those representations influence our thinking together with a context. In the following article we present an introduction to the construal level theory and many studies applying the findings into various fields of the psychological research. The key terms are abstractness / concreteness and the relationship of this dimension to the construct of psychological distance. Abstract and concrete mental representations are an important topic for understanding difficulties in learning and processing a school curriculum. Therefore we understand the construal level theory as an important approach that is applicable in a pedagogical psychology research. We offer our own point of view of the application of this theory in education, namely in the attitude research and abstract knowledge processing.
CS
Teorie úrovně interpretace (construal level theory) je všeobecně přijímanou a v posledních letech intenzivně zkoumanou teorií, původně v oblasti sociální psychologie. Dnes teorie úrovně interpretace poskytuje výzkumný rámec řadě zkoumaných témat v oblastech od marketingu a jednání spotřebitelů po výzkum kognitivních funkcí, copingových strategií nebo morálky (Moss, 2016). Podstatou teorie úrovně interpretace je porozumění mechanismu utváření mentálních reprezentací a způsobu, jakým mentální reprezentace a jejich kontext ovlivňuje naše myšlení. V předkládaném textu nabízíme úvod do teorie úrovně interpretace a seznamujeme čtenáře s řadou studií, které teorii úrovně interpretace aplikují na různé oblasti psychologického výzkumu. Klíčovými pojmy jsou rozměr abstraktnost / konkrétnost a vztah této dimenze na konstrukt tzv. psychologické vzdálenosti. Abstraktní a konkrétní mentální reprezentace jsou v oblasti vzdělávání důležitým tématem pro porozumění obtíží při zpracovávání látky. Chápeme proto teorii úrovně interpretace jako nosný přístup, aplikovatelný při výzkumu v pedagogické psychologii. Nabízíme vlastní pohled na využití této teorie pro potřeby vzdělávání, především v oblasti zkoumání postojů žáků a porozumění obtíží při práci s abstraktními poznatky.
3
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Topicality of John Paul II’s Pedagogical Message

51%
Rynio A.
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
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2012
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vol. 2
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issue 1
PL
The purpose of this study is to outline the sources and aspects of the time- surpassing topicality of the Pope’s vision of integral education apparent in his anthropological, permeated with faith, reflection on man. In his vision, the internal perception conditions the integral education of man. The research confirms the thesis that the Pope’s pedagogy assumes an “adequate anthropology” and opens the human heart to the objective order of truth, including truth about Christ as “the centre of the universe and of history” (Redemptor hominis, 1) and to the fundamental truth about man. The Pope’s pedagogy with its anthropological grounding is topical due to the fact that it offers, contemporary times permitting, a complete vision of human education. This vision goes against the culture of lost faith, dehumanisation, nihilism, and existential cynicism, and also against axiological relativism. In this vision, science, technology, art, peace, justice, God, true religion, nature, grace, faith, hope and love are not in complementary distribution, but complement each other. The timeless source of the topical quality of the Pope’s pedagogical message appears to reside in the compatibility and completeness of the human image it provides. It investigates the complex matter of education and the individual story of shaping personalities of outstanding individuals. With due respect and unanticipated amazement, it also provides an outline of the Catholic interpretation of education and the human condition.
4

Artykuł publicystyczny w tygodnikach społeczno-politycznych. O kilku dualizmach

45%
Kula A.
Oblicza Komunikacji
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2013
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vol. 6
47 - 59
EN
Texts dealing with power or the government can be found in modern journals and newspapers almost everyday; they differ in terms of genre, function, style and pragmatics. Socio-political journals are among important sources of such articles; they are frequently categorised as a rather homogeneous group (e.g. in research on readership or in media studies), which nevertheless construct, as I demonstrate in my analyses, messages which are the result of completely different interpretations of the art of feature journalism. In this paper I analyse the feature article as a classic genre, considered by both theorists and practitioners to be the most typical form of feature journalism. Properties of feature articles can be arranged by means of several distinctive dualisms indicating certain compositional, textual and stylistic links (temporality-arguability, private perspective-public perspective, the specific-the abstract).
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