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EN
The starting point of the reflection is the work of Karen Horney who published a monograph entitled The Neurotic Personality of our times in the 1937. In my research I recall social phenomena well known nowadays in Poland, such as: a decline in fertility, the decreasing number of marriages, the increase in number of divorces, domestic violence, the corrosion of authority, escape from the aging process and many more. From my point of view, as from a clinical psychologist’s view, based on the single case studies collected together with past year’s graduates, I am trying to answer some selected questions. The general way to answer all these questions would be: these people do not undertake developmental tasks which are proper for their age group, gender or life situation. We can say about these people that they don’t undertake responsibility for themselves and others. They show a way of thinking and reacting specific for an infantile personality. However, the main question I am trying to answer in my lecture is: why the infantile personality is so characteristic for our times and what is its relation to social life conditions.
EN
Healthcare policies for people with developmental disabilities (PWDD) in both the United States of America and the Republic of Poland have evolved from socially conservative to liberal philosophies. One area that illustrates this process is the rise and fall of institutionalization. During the 18th and 19th Centuries, American families with PWDD were encouraged to relinquish the identified family member to state-run institutions, as early as diagnoses were made, in order to reduce burdens on the family and society. The charity model as understood in Judeo-Christian tradition in which sacrifice was emphasized and Greco-Roman tradition which advocated for more intelligent men to rule over others for the greater good of all will be explored. Industrialization, World War II (WWII) and the American Civil Rights Movement of the 20th Century all prompted new policies toward care for PWDD. Since the Civil Rights Movement, census numbers at state-run institutions for PWDD have been declining regularly. This movement finds validation in the liberalism of modern American philosophers. Poland has followed a similar path in a general, yet truncated way. As a Soviet satellite following WWII, Poland was compelled to adopt Soviet Union traditions toward PWDD. After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989, Poland established policies enshrined in American and European law, such as person-centered care for PWDD. Both countries have dedicated national funds for supporting PWDD, such as America’s Medicaid and Poland’s National Disability Fund. As Poland and the United States continue to integrate services into more inclusive societies, national healthcare initiatives remain viable based on comparative studies. Quality of life indicators are offered in support of this deinstitutionalized, person-centered model.
EN
The subject of the article — developed through the literary and cultural contexts of contemporary literature — concentrates mainly on different forms of the presence of tradition (targeting the Romantic one as key and the Old Polish as the subsequent one). A look at the styles and tones of the literature-“thriving” languages of these traditions allows us to see these traditions in a different critical light (national symbols/Polish signs/patters/transformations).
Raport
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2013
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vol. 8
223-244
EN
The article presents the results of archaeological excavations carried out in relation to the planned construction of the S-3 motorway at site 252 in Karnin. The investigations revealed six different phases of human activity in the area. Relics of ill-developed settlement include traces of the presence of groups from the Neolithic, from the period of the Lusatian culture and the Early Middle Ages. One of the most interesting findings is a deposit of bronze artefacts dated to the Early Bronze Age. The largest number of features was connected with the Roman influence period and the burial ground in use at the time. The youngest relics of human activity are artefacts which seem to have had a use in agriculture.
PL
Analiza materiału pokazała, że białoruscy poeci i tłumacze często wykorzystują obraz Tadeusza Kościuszki jako koncepcji twórczej począwszy od XIX wieku (z przerwą w czasach sowieckiej). Większość poetów posługuje się tą postacią historyczną jako symbolem w kontekście liryki publicystycznej. Uczucia patriotyczne mają charakter litewsko-białoruski bez rozgraniczania na litewskość i białoruskość. Jednocześnie podkreślono obecność różnych epok historycznych na ziemiach współczesnej Białorusi.
EN
According to the analyzed examples the artistic image of Kostyushko has been widely used as a concept by Belarusian poets and translators since the 19th century. They broke with this tradition in Soviet times. The image of the hero functions as a symbol in the cultural and historic discourse of Belarusian poets. The patriotic feelings are of Lithuanian-Belarusian nature without the division into Lithuanian or Belarusian type. The presence of various historical periods on the territory of modern Belarus has been emphasized.
EN
This article on pro-existence, which is a real challenge for contemporary man, presents the issue by discussing three points. It begins with (1) showing the situation of contemporary man that brings real threats (unfavorable changes in moral values and norms, permissiveness, relativism, moral nihilism, incorrect concept of freedom, modernism, postmodernism, postmodern anti-pedagogy, pedagogy of so-called ideological neutrality, cultural crisis, hunger and misery in many countries, illiteracy, military extermination of the world). Then, the second point (2) is the remedy for these threats, which is respect for another human being as a condition for the restoration of universal brotherhood based on the Bible (man as the “image of God”) and theological and philosophical reflection. The last point (3) gives an example of how humanity can once again enter the path of love. The example is embodied by Jesus Christ with His pro-existence – living His life not for Himself, but “for others”, for man − for his salvation and happiness.
PL
Artykuł na temat proegzystencji, która dla człowieka współczesnego jest prawdziwym wyzwaniem, podjęte zagadnienie prezentuje omawiając trzy kwestie. Rozpoczyna (1) od ukazania sytuacji człowieka czasów współczesnych. Sytuacji, która niesie ze sobą prawdziwe zagrożenia (niekorzystne zmiany w wartościach i normach moralnych, permisywizm, relatywizm, nihilizm moralny, nieprawidłowe pojęcie wolności, modernizm, postmodernizm, antypedagogika postmodernistyczna, pedagogika o tzw. neutralności światopoglądowej, kryzys kulturowy, głód i nędza w wielu krajach, analfabetyzm, militarna zagłada świata). Następnie, kwestia druga wskazuje na środek zaradczy na wspomniane zagrożenia, jakim jest szacunek do drugiego człowieka jako warunek przywrócenia powszechnego braterstwa w oparciu o Biblię (człowiek „obrazem Boga”) oraz refleksję teologiczną i filozoficzną. W ostatniej części (3) został podany przykład w jaki sposób ludzkość może ponownie wkroczyć na drogę miłości. Uosabia go Jezus Chrystus swoją proegzystencją – swoim życiem nie dla siebie, ale „dla drugich”, dla człowieka − dla jego zbawienia i szczęścia.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
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2020
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vol. 68
|
issue 12
103-112
EN
The comparative research undertaken concerns the repertoire of Advent songs and Christmas carols contained in two selected songbooks. Over the course of almost 200 years many textual changes have been made to the songs. These include changing the order, exchanging many words for others, replacing whole phrases and verses with new wording, and corrections in the number of stanzas. The tendency to modernise old texts and to reduce stanza is particularly noticeable. These processes are not the result of the natural evolution of language, but the result of the intervention of individuals. It is difficult to agree with many of the consequences of these interventions. The scale of transformation of the selected song group and the conclusions can only be more fully determined after a comparative study of the melody and rhythm of the songs.
PL
Podjęte badania komparatystyczne dotyczą repertuaru pieśni adwentowych i kolęd zawartego w dwóch wybranych śpiewnikach. W ciągu niemal 200 lat dokonano w pieśniach wielu zmian tekstowych. Obejmują one zmianę szyku, wymianę wielu słów na inne, zastępowanie nowym brzmieniem całych zwrotów i wersów oraz korekty w liczbie zwrotek. Zauważa się przede wszystkim tendencje do uwspółcześniania tekstów dawnych i redukcję strof. Zachodzące procesy nie są wynikiem naturalnej ewolucji języka, ale rezultatem ingerencji pojedynczych osób. Z wieloma skutkami zaistniałych interwencji trudno się zgodzić. Skalę przeobrażeń wybranej grupy pieśni i wiążące wnioski można będzie w sposób pełniejszy określić dopiero po przeprowadzeniu studiów porównawczych dotyczących melodyki i rytmiki pieśni.
EN
The purpose of this article is an attempt to show what role required reading can play as a carrier of values in the literacy and cultural education of teenagers. This problem will be discussed on the example of fantasy novel The Hobbit or There and Back Again by J.R.R. Tolkien. Research on the reception of this book in Poland by contemporary teenagers and my experience with the discussed issues have motivated me to describe a few – interesting in my opinion – strategies for dealing with this novel in Polish language education in axiological terms.
PL
Celem artykułu jest próba ukazania wybranych strategii dydaktycznych związanych z wprowadzaniem uczniów w świata wartości, których nośnikiem są omawiane na lekcjach języka polskiego lektury. Problem ten został omówiony na przykładzie powieści fantasy J.R.R. Tolkiena Hobbit, czyli tam i z powrotem. Badania nad recepcją tej książki w Polsce przez współczesnych nastolatków oraz moje doświadczenie związane z omawianą problematyką stały się motywacją do opisania kilku – jak sądzę ciekawych – strategii postępowania z tą lekturą w edukacji polonistycznej w ujęciu aksjologicznym.
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