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EN
The paper explores controlling developments in the particular environment of an economy involved in a transition process for almost two decades. The results presented in the paper were founded on the empirical analysis of the most successful Croatian companies, which were used as the sampling population. The presentation of controlling department existence in Croatian companies and the analysis of management perception of controlling importance were performed together with research on controlling information sources and users. All the information presented allowed us to make some conclusions about controlling development and to assess its future. Also, recent controlling developments were analyzed in the sample of Croatian SMEs to evaluate its implementation in this group of entities and to assess the factors of potential influence on its development level in a given enterprise, such as: size of the enterprise, management performance (ownermanagers or managers), intensity of accounting information use and relation to the business abroad.The results were evaluated considering the controlling evolution in developed economies. Thus, the controlling evolution was monitored in the Croatian corporate sector, from its "registering" stage, still dominant on the scene, to its "innovation" stage. In addition to the current findings, future perspectives on controlling development flows in Croatia were also assessed.
EN
The article updates and broadens the existing body of knowledge on the creation and loss of jobs in Polish enterprises in 1996-2004. The author uses measures proposed by Davis (et al.) and a collection of data on the financial reporting of enterprises in the non-financial sector. He also calculates job creation and loss ratios. The study shows that average ratios for job creation and loss in the analyzed period ran at a relatively high level of 10.4 and 12.6 percent respectively. This indirectly shows that that the Polish labor market is relatively flexible and potential barriers only marginally apply to the creation and loss of jobs in enterprises. Moreover, the analysis shows that job flows are strictly related to economic growth. The research indicates that processes involving the creation and loss of jobs are characterized by considerable permanence. More than 80 percent of the jobs lost this year will not be recreated next year. On the other hand, in the case of job creation, only half the newly created jobs will be maintained next year.
EN
The paper analyzes the inflationary expectations of Polish enterprises and attempts to interpret them in the context of the transparency of monetary policy. The study presents the evolution of monetary policy transparency in Poland since the introduction of the direct inflation targeting strategy and examines the rationality of inflation expectations among businesses in light of the changing communication strategies of the Polish central bank. A new method is proposed to investigate the development of enterprises’ inflation expectations. This method uses information about the distribution of these expectations, which makes it possible to estimate their rationality for each quarter covered by the analysis. This approach makes it possible to examine changes in inflation expectations and the influence of monetary policy. The results of the analysis indicate that inflation expectations in the corporate sector were relatively rational throughout the analyzed period, with no significant changes over time. Therefore the impact of monetary policy transparency on inflation expectations in Poland’s corporate sector appears to be limited, the authors conclude. However, they add that this influence may actually be greater than it seems because the full effect of monetary policy may only be felt after a considerable time lag.
EN
The aim of the article is to present selected aspects of the performance of business sector in Lublin Voivodeship, which influence labor demand. The results of the analysis indicate that the situation inbusiness sector has a negative impact on the level and quality of labor demand. In particular, this is the result of a small number of firms in comparison to the rest of the country, especially the relatively small number of medium and large companies, as well as lagging behind in the share of highly productive, innovative startups. Firms’ poor investment and export performance also contribute negatively. On the other hand, business sector seems to be resistant to the impact of global financial crisis.
PL
Brak abstraktu w języku polskim
EN
The literature on financial sustainability is scattered in such a way that a synthesis is indispensable. The present study on an annotated bibliography of financial sustainability seeks to fill this particular gap by presenting a collation of published literature in the sphere. The sectorial analysis depicted that ability to cover the costs from its own resources and ability to pay debt were the key dimensions to measure financial sustainability. The majority of the studies were found in the public sector covering local governments and central governments particularly in such European countries as Spain, Italy and England. Earning enough resources, asset sustainability and the ability to repay obligations are the three dimensions to assess financial sustainability. The study also pointed out the key research areas, variables and analytical tools among other trends in the literature. The present study assists the future researchers in reviewing the literature on financial sustainability and developing research methodology.
EN
The article analyses the process of adapting of Ukrainian enterprises to unfavourable economic conditions, being the consequence of financial crisis. The author describes methods of risk elimination, among which the most efficient ones are, in his opinion: sharing risk between the parties of the business activity, risk insurance, reserving funds to cover unexpected expenses, neutralization of partial risks, reduction of risks in terms of funding. Application of the above methods makes possible the elimination of crisis phenomena on the glabal scale.
PL
W artykule poddano analizie proces dostosowywania się ukraińskich przedsiębiorstw do niekorzystnych warunków ekonomicznych będących następstwem kryzysu finansowego. Autor opisuje metodyeliminacji ryzyka, wśród których za najskuteczniejsze uznaje podział ryzyka między stronami w  działalności gospodarczej, ubezpieczenie od ryzyka, tworzenie rezerw na pokrycie niespodziewanych wydatków, neutralizację częściowego ryzyka, redukcję ryzyka w  zakresie finansowania. W  stosowaniu powyższych metod autor widzi możliwość eliminacji zjawisk kryzysowych w  skali globalnej.
EN
Variable trends were shown in the financial standing of Polish non-financial corporate sector in 2008–2012. They resulted from significant fluctuations of the dynamics of economic processes. Thenegative impact of both global financial and economic crisis also affected the activity of the Polish corporate sector. The slowdo wn in the rate of growth, export and import dynamics, the absolute decline in investment (in 2009), the volatility of the zloty against the U.S. dollar and euro adversely affected the financial performance of companies. Despite these negative phenomena in the financial standings of enterprises it should be noted the required liquidity level positive financial results of capital structureimprovement have been maintained in the majority of enterprises.The year 2012 brought the deepening of the crisis in a number of countries. Polish enterprise sector recorded again a worsening financial situation. Outlooks for the future do not indicate that the 2013 is going to be exceptional. Further situation worsening must be taken into consideration. The corporate sector will continue to make profits, maintain financial liquidity in the majority of enterprises, and capital structure will have positive effect on the general situation of the financial sector.
PL
Brak abstraktu w języku polskim
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