Search results

1

Kilka uwag o sposobach rozstrzygania sporów dotyczących sprawczego współdziałania w popełnieniu przestępstwa indywidualnego

100%

Kardas P.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

|

2017

|

vol. 43

191-231

EN

The following research paper is devoted to the analysis of the issue of criminal liability of the extraneus for agential cooperation in committing an individual crime. It sets out to describe the historical concept of the extraneus’ responsibility for his cooperation in committing an individual crime and to further evaluate the fundamental theoretical, criminal, political and dogmatic problems associated with the above mentioned matter. When it comes both to the criminal and political aspects, our analysis focuses on how to justify grounds for criminal liability in cases where the perpetrator of an individual cooperative crime does not fulfi ll the statutory requirements which must be met so as to constitute such an offense. As for the theoretical aspect, it depicts the possible models of solving the extraneous’ liability issue by juxtaposing two mutually exclusive conceptions. First of these is based on the modification of the elements of an individual offense, thus transforming it into a crime that can be perpetrated by any offender (ordinary crime?) in case of agential cooperation. The second one, however, advocates including new elements into the criminal code, the actualization of which will constitute grounds for accepting the extraneus’ liability for cooperation in committing an individual crime without modifying the statutory characteristics of the agential subject. Finally, the dogmatic insights review the current regulations and provisions. To sum up, it is proposed to order the statutory regulations by using and implementing one of the aforementioned theories.

2

The analysis of collective entities responsibility for unfair competition acts in penal law aspect

100%

Habrat D.

|

2015

|

vol. XIII

|

issue 3

83-92

EN

The problem area of criminal responsibility for an act of unfair competition in relation to collective entities was examined in the article. Special attention was paid to violation of business secret, which is an act of unfair competition of high social harmfulness, which justifies fight against it, including criminal law measures. A detailed analysis of the provisions of Article 23, Sections 1 and 2 of the Act of 16 April 1993 on Combating Unfair Competition and the provisions of the Act of 28 October 2002 on the Responsibility of Collective Entities for Acts Prohibited by the Penal Law was made with regard to the issues concerning collective liability for a breach of business secret.

3

Social and Legal Issues of Corporal Punishment of Children

100%

Grinevičiūtė K., Vitkutė - Zvezdinienė I.

Studia Prawnicze KUL

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2018

|

issue 4

93-104

PL

W artykule przedstawiono obowiązujące akty prawa międzynarodowego oraz wewnętrznego wybranych krajów dotyczące stosowania kar fizycznych wobec dzieci. Ukazano, że dziecko jest obywatelem od urodzenia i ma wszystkie prawa, które muszą być chronione. Kiedy mówimy o okrucieństwie kryminalnym, szczególnie w poważnym przypadku naruszenia praw dziecka (morderstwo, napaść na tle seksualnym itd.), wszyscy jednomyślnie zgadzają się, że nikt z członków społeczeństwa nie może tolerować takiego wykorzystywania dzieci. Ale społeczeństwo zaczyna się dzielić na różne obozy – od pozytywnego podejścia do zdania po klasyfikację kar w kategorię przemocy – kiedy dyskusja toczy się wokół wychowania dziecka bez przemocy. Ta tendencja wynika z kilku powodów. Po pierwsze, to wiara ze celowe podniesienie ręki przeciwko dziecku lepiej „wykształci” dziecko. Po drugie, rodzicielstwo jest wartościami naturalnymi i to jest prawo rodziców do wychowywania dzieci w ich własnych metodach. Celem tego artykułu jest ocena prawna kary cielesnej wobec dzieci w celach wychowanie. Aby osiągnąć ten cel będzie analizowana stanowisko ustawodawcy oraz orzecznictwo prawa karnego.

EN

Research problem. A democratic state is guided by the rule of law and the principles of the human rights and freedoms. Ratifying the European Convention on Human Rights and The European Social Charter or Revised European Social Charter, Member States undertake to respect all people of their jurisdiction rights, including all children. The child is not the family or the state property. Child is a citizen from birth, so it is necessary to look seriously into each such member public offense. When we talk about the criminal cruelty, especially in serious case of child rights violation (murder, sexual assault, and so on), everyone unanimity agree, that no one member of the society cannot tolerate such child abuse. But society begins to split into different camps – from the positive approach into the sentence, to the punishment classification into violence-category - when the discussion is tilting about the child's upbringing without violence. This tendency is due to several reasons. First is that a deliberate arm lift against a child is the belief that slapping "educated" child will become better. Second, parenting is the natural values, or in other words, the right of parents to educate their children in their own training methods. The aim of this article is to provide legal assessment of corporal punishment of children for educational purposes. In order to achieve this aim will be analyse the position of legislator of corporal punishment of children for educational purposes; by analyse proposals and ideas regarding delimitation of corporal punishment, to single out the theories of corporal punishment of children for educational purposes in criminal law jurisprudence.

4

Opinia prawna w sprawie prawnomiędzynarodowych aspektów dochodzenia roszczeń przeciwko Federacji Rosyjskiej i jej przedstawicielom w związku z zestrzeleniem w dniu 17 lipca 2014 r. samolotu pasażerskiego malezyjskich linii lotniczych marki Boeing 777-200ER, lot 370

100%

Mik C.

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

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2014

|

issue 4(44)

77-87

EN

In the light of existing international law it is not possible to hold the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation criminally or civilly responsible before the courts of other countries (except for an action before the Russian courts) or the International Criminal Court. Claiming compensation from the Russian Federation for shooting the Malaysia Airlines aircraft is available before the Russian in compliance with Russian law, or before international courts only through interstate litigation, provided that the parties agree to accept the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice or international arbitration and that the preconditions of responsibility are fulfilled. Claiming is also possible in the context of diplomatic protection, and – in case of actions by individuals against Russia – only before the European Court of Human Rights, after exhaustion of domestic legal remedies and demonstrating that Russia has committed a violation of the rights protected by the European Convention of Human Rights of 1950.

5

Czy kar jest za dużo? Wokół Douglasa Husaka koncepcji kryminalizacji

89%

Peno M.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2018

|

vol. 16

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issue 2

177-201

PL

The author endeavours to make a critical reflection on the concept of criminalization as formulated by Douglas Husak. D. Husak’s views on criminal policy are presented in a wider philosophical context and juxtaposed with assumptions of basic critical trends in criminal law science. Also, some suggestions are formulated to supplement Husak’s concept, who points out, above all, when punishment should not be applied. A supplement to Husak’s idea is a somewhat perverse attempt to collect model situations, in which recognition of an act as a crime can be justified (which the author himself tried to avoid). In addition, the article attempts to combine the philosophy of law with criminal policy and indicates the need to take into consideration philosophical foundations of criminal law policy.

6

Odpowiedzialność karna osób pełniących funkcje publiczne – uwzględnienie statusu pracownika Najwyzszej Izby Kontroli

88%

Dziwisz S.

Kontrola Państwowa

|

2016

|

vol. 61

|

issue 3 (368)

119-135

EN

The state administration and self-government administration are the areas which are regarded the most threatened with corruption. This especially refers to processes in which a decision is made by one person or a small group of people. Persons who perform public functions are then most exposed to various kinds of attempts to impact on their impartiality in the decision-making process. That is why the state needs to take measures to reduce such situations. In his article, the author analyses the following constructs: abuse of power, bribery, false declaration and third degree. The crimes discussed in the article infringe the principle of impartiality and equal treatment of citizens, as well as negatively affect the proper functioning of state institutions.

7

Zabezpieczenie majątkowe na poczet kary grzywny

88%

Antkowiak A.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

|

2015

|

vol. 35

123 - 139

EN

The present study discusses the issue of security on property institution with reference to a fine. The article presents the essence of the matter and the main goal of security on property. It points out the objective scope of the institution, ways of enforcement as well as legal regulations concerning the cancellation of security on property. The study also presents the types of and ways of implementing security on property. The attention is also paid to the importance of the discussed institution in the process of fine proceedings.

8

Reforma systemu kar po nowelizacji kodeksu karnego z dnia 20 lutego 2015 r.

88%

Królikowski M.

Studia Iuridica

|

2016

|

vol. 65

71-92

PL

The article describes a reform of material criminal law based on perspective of legal doctrine, practice of jurisdiction and prosecution, as well as management of the system of criminal law. It is based on the experiences from legislation procedure that has led to a new law enacted. The author indicates the differences between concepts of Criminal Law Codification Committee and possibilities of the legislation project.

9

Odpowiedzialność karna a determinizm antropologiczny

87%

Peno M.

Archiwum Kryminologii

|

2014

|

issue XXXVI

109-132

EN

Much has been written recently about the problem of justifying punishment in the context of anthropological determinism and incompatibilism. However, the problem of the relationship between determinism, on the one hand, and the theory of punishment, on the other, is multi-dimensional. This article focuses on criminal responsibility in a world of determinism. It is mostly an attempt to review the basic concepts and issues in the philosophy of responsibility and compare them with the concepts and issues of the criminal law as broadly defined. The starting point is the observation that if the thesis of determinism is true and it is not possible to reconcile determinism with human freedom, then it will be particularly difficult to justify punishment. Prima facie, this applies to retributionism, although a more thorough analysis leads to the conclusion that various utilitarian approaches will also have to be significantly modified to allow for determinism. Punishment can obviously implement certain goals and be useful in some way without necessarily being just (it can even be cruel and/or immoral). Punishment may be formally fair (like revenge) and constitute “an eye for an eye.” However, if people do not have free will, then they are not responsible for their misdeeds. This is problematic as they do not deserve revenge and their behaviour does not merit condemnation. However, it is possible to apply different measures which are closer to the sui generis of preventive measures. This paper attempts to demonstrate that there is a link between criminal punishment and moral responsibility. This follows from the fact that punishment is marked by moral condemnation and only a morally responsible person can be condemned. Excluding moral responsibility therefore makes it impossible to condemn a perpetrator. The distinguishing feature of, and (indirectly) the moral justification for, criminal punishment are thereby eliminated. In particular, from a retributionist viewpoint, punishment can only be justified if the wrongdoer is morally responsible for his/her actions (in the sense that he/she can be accused of having upset the moral order). If the perpetrator is not morally responsible, it is difficult to morally justify the legitimacy and practice of punishment. Furthermore, the premise about moral responsibility is a prerequisite for justifying punishment in any case involving the notion of guilt. A lack of moral responsibility in a world ruled by determinism does not necessarily mean that people should not be punished for wrongdoing. Nor does it mean that there are no arguments in favour of maintaining the practice of punishment. The basic question is what views – empirical or emotional – should be given priority in the science of criminal law. The answer lies in the demand for minimalism in the criminal law and for a reflective analysis of the foundations of criminal responsibility.

10

O prawnej ocenie blokowania mównicy sejmowej, fotela Marszałka Sejmu oraz plenarnej sali posiedzeń Sejmu oraz o możliwościach postępowania Marszałka Sejmu w celu przywrócenia na niej porządku (uwagi na tle 33. posiedzenia Sejmu RP)

75%

Łukasz P.

Acta Iuris Stetinensis

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2017

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issue 17

PL

Artykuł traktuje o prawnej ocenie blokowania mównicy sejmowej, fotela Marszałka Sejmu oraz plenarnej sali posiedzeń Sejmu, a także o możliwościach postępowania Marszałka Sejmu w celu przywrócenia na niej porządku. Kwestie te omówiono w nim na przykładzie sytuacji powstałej na 33. posiedzeniu Sejmu RP.

EN

The article contains legal analysis of acts committed by Members of Parliament during the thirty-third session of Sejm of the Republic of Poland in 2016. During that session Members blocked: a podium of Sejm, the Speaker of the Sejm’s armchair and the plenary hall of Sejm.

11

Zbrodnia Wołyńska – historia, pamięć, prawo

75%

Gabrel D.

Biuletyn Stowarzyszenia Absolwentów i Przyjaciół Wydziału Prawa Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego

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2016

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vol. 11

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issue 13 (2)

17-28

EN

The Volhynia Massacre was one of the most inhumane crimes committed in the twentieth century, during the Second World War, and directed against civilians – against Poles. The time frame of Volhynia Massacre was 1943-1945. The perpetrators of the massacre were the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and its military wing, called the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). Article 118 § 1 of the Polish Penal Code of 1997 introduced the notion of genocide into Polish domestic law. The Volhynian massacres have all the traits of genocide listed in the 1948 UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.

PL

Zbrodnia Wołyńska stanowiła jedną z najbardziej nieludzkich zbrodni popełnionych w XX w. w okresie II Wojny Światowej, skierowaną wobec ludności cywilnej – wobec Polaków. Czas trwania Zbrodni Wołyńskiej to lata 1943-1945. Sprawcami tej zbrodni byli: Organizacja Nacjonalistów Ukraińskich (OUN) oraz jej zbrojne ramię Ukraińska Armia Powstańcza (UPA). Pojęcie ludobójstwa zostało wprowadzone do polskiego prawa wewnętrznego w art. 118 § 1 kodeksu karnego z 1997 r. Zbrodnia Wołyńska posiada wszystkie cechy ludobójstwa wskazane w Konwencji Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych w sprawie zapobiegania i karania zbrodni ludobójstwa z 1948 r.

12

Odpowiedzialność członka rady nadzorczej na podstawie art. 296 k.k.

75%

Piotrowski M.

Studia i Materiały

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2017

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issue 2/2017 (25), cz.2

47-55

PL

Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza znamion art. 296 Kodeksu karnego w kontekście odpowiedzialności członków rady nadzorczej. W tym celu autor podejmuje próbę syntetycznego przybliżenia dotychczasowego dorobku doktryny i judykatury, aby zdefiniować znamię „zajmowania się sprawami majątkowymi lub działalnością gospodarczą”. Analiza zgromadzonych materiałów ujawnia pewne rozbieżności w zakresie teorii i praktyki. Ostatecznie autor wysuwa wnioski de lege ferenda, mające na celu opracowanie jednolitej koncepcji wykładni znamienia „zajmuje się sprawami majątkowymi lub działalnością gospodarczą”, obejmującej także sprawowanie nadzoru.

EN

The present study is to analyze the constituent elements of art. 296 of the Criminal Code in the context of liability of the members of the supervisory board. For this purpose, the author attempts to synthetic approximation of the current achievements of the doctrine and jurisprudence, to define the mark, “dealing with financial affairs or business”. Analysis of the collected material reveals some discrepancies in the theory and practice. Finally, the author draws conclusions de lege ferenda aimed at developing a uniform interpretation of the concept of the mark “deals with financial affairs or business” including also supervision.

13

Odpowiedzialność karna członków zarządu w spółkach kapitałowych

75%

Polińska A.

Studia i Materiały

|

2017

|

issue 2/2017 (25), cz.2

56-65

PL

Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest przybliżenie zasad odpowiedzialności członków zarządu spółek kapitałowych. Autorka prezentuje podstawowe cele i zasady organu wykonawczego, tj. zarządu, i związane z tym obowiązki spoczywające na jego członkach. Naruszenie nałożonych na nich obowiązków może prowadzić nie tylko do odpowiedzialności cywilnoprawnej, lecz także do odpowiedzialności karnej. Następnie przybliżone zostają przestępstwa indywidualne, których podmiotem są członkowie zarządu wskazane w Kodeksie spółek handlowych, na podstawie których opisano zasady odpowiedzialności członków zarządu.

EN

The subject of this paper is to discuss the principles of responsibility of directors of companies. The author presents the basic objectives and principles of management and related obligations on its members. Violation of obligations imposed on them can lead not only to civil liability but also criminal liability. Then indicated crimes individual entity whose board members are specified in the Commercial Companies Code, based on the described principles of responsibility of board members.

14

Poczytalność i wina psychopaty w świetle ewolucyjnych koncepcji genezy psychopatii

71%

Małecki M., Zyzik R.

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

|

2014

|

vol. 76

|

issue 3

161-174

EN

In the paper a thesis that psychopathy can be understood as a stable evolutionary strategy has been presented. We believe that this view may generate implications for criminal law, especially in the sphere of criminal responsibility. We propose a thesis that traditional understanding of legal insanity is not an adequate tool to assess the criminal actions of psychopaths. Moreover, the application of security measures may be de lege lata impossible. However, natural-born psychopaths can be isolated according to the provisions of the statue on proceedings against persons with mental disorders.

PL

W artykule zostały zaprezentowane wyniki badań nauk ewolucyjnych; na ich gruncie psychopatia może być ujmowana jako stabilna strategia ewolucyjna. Takie rozumienie psychopatii prowadzi do kilku implikacji w sferze odpowiedzialności karnej psychopatów. W artykule wskazano na nieadekwatność kategorii niepoczytalności do oceny prawnej czynów psychopatów, de lege lata niemożliwość stosowania wobec psychopatów środków zabezpieczających, określonych w Kodeksie karnym, oraz generalną dopuszczalność izolacji psychopatów na podstawie ustawy o postępowaniu wobec osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi.

15

Przestępstwo udaremnienia egzekucji (art. 300 § 2 k.k.) a odpowiedzialność karna lekarza – studium przypadku

71%

Fiutak A.

Themis Polska Nova

|

2018

|

issue 1(13)

69-81

EN

The crime of concealing property incases related to claims for medical errors is particularly important. It concerns a patient who has suffered damage to his health by means of a doctor’s action and despite the fact that the compensation was awarded by the court he may not undertake remedial treatment or rehabilitation because the doctor prevents such treatment with his unlawful and reprehensible behaviour. Unfortunately, the current rules in Poland do not sufficiently protect the enforceability of the court judgment. For the patient, the amounts awarded are important and often decisive for the further process of treatment. Consideration should be given to prospective introduction of legal provisions, e.g. in the Act on Patients’ Rights and the Patient Ombudsman, to protect the patient as a special creditor in the event that the court awards a claim for medical error.

16

O pilnej potrzebie podniesienia granicy wieku pełnej odpowiedzialności karnej

66%

Lubelski M. J.

Archiwum Kryminologii

|

2008

|

issue XXIX-XXX

375-381

17

O młodocianym w ujęciu kodeksu karnego

66%

Daniluk P.

Studia Prawnicze

|

2014

|

issue 2 (198)

121-142

EN

The article is devoted to a specific category of offenders i.e. juveniles. Firstly, the legal definition of the juvenile, provided under Art. 115 § 10 of the Criminal Code, is analyzed, making a distinction between the notion of the juvenile and the notion of the minor. Then the grounds for the special treatment of juvenile offenders are examined. A special attention is paid to the presumption of lesser degree of juvenile’s guilt and their susceptibility to be affected, which constitutes a good prospect for their education (reformation, reclamation). Finally, the criteria on the basis of which it is established whether an offender is a juvenile offender or not, are analyzed. A special attention is given to the criterion which states that a juvenile is an offender who has not reached the age of 24 years at the time of the trial in the first instance.

18

Czy nieletni może odpowiadać karnie za niewykonawcze postaci współdziałania przestępnego oraz formy stadialne poprzedzające dokonanie?

66%

Kulik M.

Studia Prawnicze

|

2016

|

issue 4 (208)

129-146

EN

The article concerns the problem of special criminal responsibility of minors committing offenses in various forms of criminal complicity and in the form of criminal attempt and criminal preparation. In modern Polish doctrine increasingly presented is the position according to which the juvenile is responsible only for acts committed as an agency, not incitement and abetting. This is justified by the description of the offenses provided for in Article 10 § 2 of Penal Code. The author presents a different view, believing that minors can be held criminally responsible for the offenses indicated in the Article 10 § 2 P.C., regardless of whether they were committed in the form of perpetration, incitement or aiding. Also he justifies the position, according to which there is otherwise in the case of attempt and preparation to commit an offense.

19

Dekryminalizacja przestępstwa (nieświadomie) nieumyślnego?

66%

Byczyk M.

Studia Prawnicze

|

2014

|

issue 3 (199)

119-136

EN

The author considers the reasonableness of the recently proposed – especially in the German and Ango–American science of Criminal Law – postulates of decriminalization of the unintentional crimes. The analysis of those propositions reveals that they are based on questioning the possibility of proving guilt of the perpetrator of inadvertently negligent crime. Such doubts have generally not been shared by the Polish doctrine of criminal law, although authors considering this question seem have been aware of the special character of the criminalization of those crimes, where there is no culpability of the will. At the same time, the analysis of the formulated on the grounds of theory of criminalization premises of the creating penal prohibitions reveals that the unintentional crimes, especially of inadvertent negligence, fulfill those premises. It does not change the fact that this type of responsibility should be applied exceptionally, more rarely than it is currently the case in the Polish Criminal Law. The achievement of this purpose could be possible by replacing in case of some crimes the unintentionality clause with recklessness clause. The chance to reflect upon this question could be the current discussion upon the changes in the Polish Criminal Code.

20

Aggravated murder and proposed changes to the Penal Code

63%

Kokot R.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

|

2014

|

vol. 34

11 - 27

EN

The elaboration looks into the problems of aggravated murder in the context of the latest project of changes within the Penal Code. In view of the content of the expected amendment, which aims at eliminating such akind of crime from the domestic legal order and at returning to a“traditional” model of criminal law protection of life, this is not, however, the analysis or judgment of the proposed, “new” legal solutions, but rather an attempt to settle accounts with those currently in force and remonstrated the legal state, its advantages and disadvantages which have revealed themselves for several years of its functioning within the legal area. The article focuses on searching for the answer to the question about the justification and the purposefulness of the proposed direction of modification. It is interesting and because of this — apart from the significance of the matter which the change concerns — that the attempt to “return to the past” is not being taken for the first time. The distance towards this crime of the major part of the Polish criminal law scientific environment is commonly known. It is worthwhile to refer to the causes of such astate of affairs, recapitulating the argumentation of the opponents of this form of crime. In order to objectify the judgments, the arguments of the opponent side were also presented, the side which notices rational reasons for maintaining the status quo.

Refine search results

Kilka uwag o sposobach rozstrzygania sporów dotyczących sprawczego współdziałania w popełnieniu przestępstwa indywidualnego

The analysis of collective entities responsibility for unfair competition acts in penal law aspect

Social and Legal Issues of Corporal Punishment of Children

Opinia prawna w sprawie prawnomiędzynarodowych aspektów dochodzenia roszczeń przeciwko Federacji Rosyjskiej i jej przedstawicielom w związku z zestrzeleniem w dniu 17 lipca 2014 r. samolotu pasażerskiego malezyjskich linii lotniczych marki Boeing 777-200ER, lot 370

Czy kar jest za dużo? Wokół Douglasa Husaka koncepcji kryminalizacji

Odpowiedzialność karna osób pełniących funkcje publiczne – uwzględnienie statusu pracownika Najwyzszej Izby Kontroli

Zabezpieczenie majątkowe na poczet kary grzywny

Reforma systemu kar po nowelizacji kodeksu karnego z dnia 20 lutego 2015 r.

Odpowiedzialność karna a determinizm antropologiczny

O prawnej ocenie blokowania mównicy sejmowej, fotela Marszałka Sejmu oraz plenarnej sali posiedzeń Sejmu oraz o możliwościach postępowania Marszałka Sejmu w celu przywrócenia na niej porządku (uwagi na tle 33. posiedzenia Sejmu RP)

Zbrodnia Wołyńska – historia, pamięć, prawo

Odpowiedzialność członka rady nadzorczej na podstawie art. 296 k.k.

Odpowiedzialność karna członków zarządu w spółkach kapitałowych

Poczytalność i wina psychopaty w świetle ewolucyjnych koncepcji genezy psychopatii

Przestępstwo udaremnienia egzekucji (art. 300 § 2 k.k.) a odpowiedzialność karna lekarza – studium przypadku

O pilnej potrzebie podniesienia granicy wieku pełnej odpowiedzialności karnej

O młodocianym w ujęciu kodeksu karnego

Czy nieletni może odpowiadać karnie za niewykonawcze postaci współdziałania przestępnego oraz formy stadialne poprzedzające dokonanie?

Dekryminalizacja przestępstwa (nieświadomie) nieumyślnego?

Aggravated murder and proposed changes to the Penal Code