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EN
This paper takes place inside the theoretical frame restored after that the false secu-lar Bortkiewicz-debate around the transformation problem (Marx’s Capital III) has been solved in the years 1990 and whose flaw had not been identified for ages by most of Marxist economists, accepting its double accountancy of prices’ in money prices and workhours “prices” (“values”). Beyond the re-identification of finite values and prices, this paper aims at showing that, going back to a concept of value as an infinite working process which unifies money, time and work, machinery not only devoids every particu-lar work of any peculiarity, but also its time, reduced to the mechanical clock move-ment. Once such spatialization of time occurs, succession dominates duration instead of the other way round. Time is not the time of any living movement any longer, but mere-ly corresponds to locomotion. Hence, money as a mathematical real, is not neither quan-tity of anything, but pure number (€ is not any use value). Money and clock time made identical as empty numbers identify into value with devoiced work, reduced to mere, or pure, unqualified effort. Abstract work becomes real abstraction by making the real still more adequate to itself, i.e., work still simpler abstract work induces simple work.
EN
Karl Marx is forgotten today as a philosopher, not because he had failed, but because of his critique of political economy, which is not understood based on its practical philosophical core. Critique of political economy is negative theory, which is committed to the task of unveiling the negativity of capitalist normative theory. It is not find justification in itself, but its justification lies exclusively in the preceding her early writings of Marx. At its foundation is not the way to build a solidaristic and ecological economy; the only its importance lies in the practical and philosophical awareness that the normative logic of capital, killing man and nature, we must overcome.
EN
While Marx’s critique of David Ricardo is frequently debated, Marx’s critique of Samuel Bailey has, for far too long, remained in the shade. I try to show that Ricardo and Bailey represent two fundamental “moments” of Marx’s Darstellung. The word “moment” is here used in a non-generic sense: Ricardo’s and Bailey’s theories of value represent two opposite and contradictory sides of value’s category as presented in Marx’s critique of political economy. Building on the work of Hans Georg Backhaus, who claims that the first chapter of Volume one of the Capital can be understood only as a metacritique of Bailey’s critique of Ricardo, this topic is developed in order to further clarify the connection of critique and presentation in Marx’s theory.
Praktyka Teoretyczna
|
2013
|
vol. 9
|
issue 3
63-110
EN
Text undertakes a much needed contextual and critical reading of Marxian„Fragment on Machines” from the Grundrisse. The crucial thesis states that despitethe seeming crisis of the post-operaist Marxism, theoretical intuitions formulatedby thinkers like Negri, Virno, Vercellone are still valid. Three various but interrelatedtypes of post-operaist reading are presented here in detail to support theargument: the political, the philosophical and the historico-economical. In thelast part of the paper they are confronted with three main lines of critique of thepost-operaist readings: the philological, the political-economic and the „political”.Through such a confrontation some of the arguments are refuted and reevaluated.
PL
Tekst podejmuje niezbędną na polskim gruncie kontekstową i krytyczną lekturę Marksowskiego Fragmentu o maszynach z Zarysu krytyki ekonomii politycznej. Kluczowym wątkiem jest teza o ciągłej aktualności, pomimo pozornego kryzysu, intuicji teoretycznych przedstawicieli marksizmu postoperaistycznego. Dla jej podparcia zreferowane zostały kluczowe założenia trzech typów lektury „Fragmentu”: politycznej, filozoficznej i historyczno-ekonomicznej. Odczytania te zostały skonfrontowane z trzema głównymi liniami krytyki, odpowiednio: filologiczną, ekonomiczno-polityczną oraz „polityczną”. W ramach tej konfrontacji część zarzutów została odparta i zrewaluowana.
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