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EN
Poland interests and her policy are strongly determined by her geopolitical conditions. More than 40 years of people democracy under USSR domination brings in whole region civilization and economic backwardness. After 1989 Poland attempts to “catch up” the Old Europe. Initiative of Three Seas is one of such attempt. Increasing relations with central and southern Europe especially in case of diversification of raw materials – like gas – can bring to region an independence from Russian supplies. Three Seas goes back to conception of Intermarium, and redefine her on amended conditions of modern world. In this article the Authors will present short history of conception Intermarium, main assumptions of polish foreign policy and will try to answer the question is this conception is still present in polish foreign policy, even if in changed form of Three Seas.
PL
Celem pracy jest zdefiniowanie bezpieczeństwa transgranicznego, próba wytyczenia nowego kierunku jego rozwoju, oraz ukazanie istotnych problemów dotyczących funkcjonowania systemu ochrony granicy państwowej i sformułowanie wskazówek służących ich rozwiązaniu. Materiał badawczy stanowi literatura fachowa związana z szeroko pojętym bezpieczeństwem. Metoda badawcza to analiza tekstu i danych statystycznych. Wyniki badań koncentrują się na przedstawieniu nieprawidłowości i różnic pomiędzy założeniami teoretycznymi, a stanem rzeczywistym bezpieczeństwa transgranicznego RP. Wnioski płynące z analizowanych badań pozwalają stwierdzić, iż poprawa ,,Założeń wieloletniej koncepcji funkcjonowania Straży Granicznej na lata 2009-2015» znacząco wpłynie na proces umacniania bezpieczeństwa transgranicznego Polski.
EN
The aim of this paper is to define the cross-border security and to attempt the delineation of a new direction for its development, as well as to show the important issues relating to the functioning of the state border protection and make suggestions for their solution. The research material is literature related to the wider security, as well as the Border Guard statistics. The test method is the analysis of text and statistics. The results of the research focused on the presentation of the discrepancies and differences between the theoretical assumptions and the actual state of the Polish cross-border security. The conclusions of the included studies allow us to conclude that the long-term improvement ,,Assumptions Border Guard operation concept for 2009-2015” significantly affect the process of strengthening Polish cross-border security.
EN
The security of contemporary Europe is under a serious threat. The migration crisis has created a serious challenge for the cohesion of the European Union, causing divisions and tensions between the member states and within their societies. The EU’s passive policy deprived of a long-term strategy has proven to be ineffective. The crisis has shown the weakness of its institutions and member states in crisis situations. EU values have turned out to be inconsistent with the values of many member states, and they are the basis of a common migration and asylum policy. The author analyses the migration crisis and presents solutions for the EU to stop it.
EN
The security of contemporary Europe is under a serious threat. The migration crisis has created a serious challenge for the cohesion of the European Union, causing divisions and tensions between the member states and within their societies. The EU’s passive policy deprived of a long-term strategy has proven to be ineffective. The crisis has shown the weakness of its institutions and member states in crisis situations. EU values have turned out to be inconsistent with the values of many member states, and they are the basis of a common migration and asylum policy. The author analyses the migration crisis and presents solutions for the EU to stop it.
EN
The author describes selected areas of asymmetric threat of cross-border organized crime in recent years in Poland. It shows the forms and aspects of tragic crime and is characterized by examples of this crime
PL
Autor opisuje wybrane obszary asymetrycznego zagrożenia transgraniczną przestępczością zorganizowaną w ostatnich latach w Polsce. Pokazuje formy i aspekty trasgranicznej przestępczości oraz charakteryzuje przykłady tej przestepczości.
EN
Cross-border security is part of both external and internal security of a state; hence the responsibility for it is usually divided. Similarly, the responsibility for Polish border administration is split in both subjective and objective sense. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland in art. 146 indicates that the Council of Ministers, and in particular the Minister of National Defence, the Minister competent for Internal Affairs and the Minister competent for Public Finance shall ensure external and internal security as well as public order in the state. To a lesser extent, the responsibility for state security is also shared by other ministers supervising central administration bodies that have state border protection within their scope.In addition, very important functions directly or indirectly related to border security are carried out also by voivodes.In the current paper, the author presents individual institutions and state bodies involved in cross-border security of the Republic of Poland, demonstrating their impact on the overall level of this security.
EN
This text includes discussions and analysis related to family health security in theoretical terms based on the literature on the subject. It provides as well analysis of projects funded in the 2014-2020 financing perspective under the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-border Cooperation Program. It grants support for the neighbouring regions of the countries separated by the EU border. In addition, the text refers also to the 17-year involvement of the European funds in development of the Polish-Belarusian-Ukrainian borderland.
PL
W niniejszym tekście zostały omówione i poddane analizie zagadnienia związane z bezpieczeństwem zdrowotnym rodziny w ujęciu teoretycznym na podstawie literatury przedmiotu. Tekst zawiera także analizy projektów finansowanych w perspektywie 2014 – 2020 w ramach Programu Współpracy Transgranicznej Polska – Białoruś – Ukraina, który udostępnia wsparcie sąsiadującym ze sobą regionom z krajów rozdzielonych granicą UE. Podany tekst nawiązuje ponadto do 17-letniego zaangażowania funduszy europejskich w rozwój polsko-białorusko-ukraińskiego pogranicza.
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EN
In the article the author analyses the issues of security in general, public security and security of society and other types of security. Aspects of understanding the idea of ensuring security both within the state and around it, along with the establishment of cross-border security are introduced. Attention has been paid to the challenges of modern times, taking into account historical experience. The author has analysed the presence of a large number of factors affecting the development of the state, its internal structure, the development of society, the economy, crime levels, which significantly affect cross-border security and, accordingly, the living standards of various groups and individuals.
PL
W artykule autor analizuje problematykę bezpieczeństwa w ogóle, bezpieczeństwa publicznego i bezpieczeństwa społeczeństwa oraz innych rodzajów bezpieczeństwa. Wprowadzane są aspekty rozumienia idei zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa zarówno wewnątrz państwa, jak i wokół niego wraz z tworzeniem bezpieczeństwa transgranicznego. Zwrócono uwagę na wyzwania współczesności, biorąc pod uwagę doświadczenia historyczne. Autor przeanalizował obecność dużej liczby czynników wpływających na rozwój państwa, jego wewnętrzną strukturę, rozwój społeczeństwa, gospodarkę, poziom przestępczości, które w istotny sposób wpływają na bezpieczeństwo transgraniczne, a tym samym na poziom życia różnych osób – grupy i jednostki.
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