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Rocznik Lubuski
|
2011
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vol. 37
|
issue 2
263-284
EN
Theoretical context of the presented research on the determinants of cultural capital of young people comprises Bourdieu’s Reproduction Theory, the concepts of information society (macrosocial level) and peripheral communities (mesosocial level). 1002 middle school students participated in the research, and the research tool also included the set of questions concerning young people’s parents. Stratified sampling and group sampling were applied. Cultural capital of parents consists of competencies and cultural activities, preferred educational styles and parents ambitions considering the future of their children. While cultural capital of young people includes competencies and cultural activities, personality features and educational ambitions. The smaller peripherality level of populated areas, the greater cultural capital of parents. The greater cultural capital of parents, the higher cultural capital of young people. Low or average level of cultural capital of parents is a burden for young people, although this factor is not strong enough to be the basis to claim that in modern, based on knowledge society the young people from this type of families fight a losing battle.
Prawo
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2018
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issue 326
199-207
EN
Volunteer fire brigades are fire protection units. They are intended primarily for the fight against fires, natural disasters and other local threats. An important area of their activity is also the organisation and conduct of cultural activities. The aim of the study is to analyze the forms and scope of this activity and to determine its role in the functioning of local government communities.
EN
The article is centred around the issue of the cultural activities undertaken by adult persons, and in this perspective it presents the objectives and major findings of the “Poczekalnia” (“Waiting room”) research project. The project was implemented in the “Bronowice” local community centre in Lublin, as part of the “Dom Kultury + Inicjatywy lokalne” (“Community Centre + Local Initiatives”) programme, and its central aim was to propose a range of activities for adults who are waiting for their children to finish their classes. Assuming that an adult person is well aware of his or her cultural needs and interests, the authors of the project decided to organise some focus meetings so as to become acquainted with adults’ cultural preferences and obtain information concerning their expectations about institutions. The research showed that the minds of young adults are wide open to cultural activities. They presented a total of 28 propositions in the focus meetings. Among the propositions there were various forms of education – in the fields of music and dance (a training course in ballroom dancing), the visual arts and the theatre (theatre workshops), photography and film (workshops in photography and motionpicture projection), literature (a reading room with periodicals, a club dedicated to interesting books, poetry-reading sessions), physical education (aerobics, zumba), counselling (lectures and discussions including issues in psychology and pedagogy), personal skills and competencies (a training course in speed reading, first aid training tips for cooking and herbal medicine), and also general knowledge (lectures dedicated to the history and culture of Lublin, and sightseeing).
4
75%
EN
The members of Prague’s Kalmyk community, which in the interwar period numbered more than one hundred individuals, came to Czechoslovakia in the 1920s as part of the large wave of émigrés from Russia for whom the Czechoslovak state organized the “Russian Aid Operation” in 1921. One of the central figures of the local Kalmyk community was Badma Ulanov, who was a principal organizer of Kalmyk cultural, scholarly, and publishing activities in Czechoslovakia. The Kalmyk community in Czechoslovakia was active in writing and publishing, and in putting out magazines and books whose range included fiction, nonfiction, and works that describe folk customs. Thanks to these diverse activities, Prague’s Kalmyk community was the main cultural and scholarly center for all Kalmyk émigré communities in Europe (the largest of which were located in Yugoslavia, France, and Bulgaria). One researcher in the field of Kalmyk studies who was in contact with the Prague Kalmyk community and who supported them in their academic endeavors was the Polish Mongolist Władysław Kotwicz.
PL
W artykule na podstawie koncepcji enklaw opisano inicjatywy kulturalne i edukacyjne Stowarzyszenia Miłośników Kultury Łemkowskiej. Autorka zwraca uwagę na dwoisty charakter inicjatyw stowarzyszenia. Z jednej strony bowiem działania polegają na integrowaniu społeczności wokół wspólnych wartości, uwydatnianiu różnicy kulturowej, podtrzymaniu odrębności, czyli zamykaniu się przed wpływami rozmywającymi odmienność etniczną Łemków. Jest to więc umacnianie granic enklawy etnicznej. Z drugiej zaś strony te same inicjatywy są wyrazem otwierania się Łemków na środowisko, „wychodzenia z cienia”, otwartego prezentowania swojej kultury i pełnoprawnego uczestniczenia w życiu kulturalnym środowiska i poza nim.
EN
The article describes cultural and educational initiatives of the Association of the Lemko Culture Enthusiasts based on the concept of enclaves. Attention is drawn to the dual nature of the initiatives of the association. On the one hand, the actions consist in integrating the community around common values, enhancement of cultural difference, sustaining distinctness, i.e., closing off against the effects which muddy the ethnic diversity of the Lemkos. Therefore it is a strengthening of boundaries of the Lemko ethnic enclave. On the other hand, the same initiatives are an expression of the opening up of the Lemkos onto the environment, “getting out from under the shadow”, the open presentation of their culture and full participation in cultural life of the environment and beyond it.
EN
The paper aims to show the relationships between the sphere of culture and its setting. They can be outlined by reconstructing the sense attributed to cultural activities by the research respondents. The material constituting the basis for identifying how the rationality of cultural activities is grasped was provided by in-depth interviews with people involved in cultural policymaking and analysis of documents they referred to. Jürgen Habermas’ theory of communicative action, which draws on Max Weber’s take on the rationality of social action, provides inspiration for organising conceptualisations of the functionality of culture. This paper seeks to address the dual nature of the rationality of cultural activities, as instrumental and communicative. The potential sense of such a grasp of cultural activities is also indicated from a cultural policy perspective. An instrumentalist approach to culture, referring to expert discourse, can serve to resolve the crisis of legitimacy characteristic of cultural policy.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie głębszego sensu polityki kulturalnej postrzeganej często jako zestaw działań zarządczych. W takim ujęciu polityka kulturalna staję się bowiem w istocie obszarem depolityzacji. Założeniem tekstu jest odtworzenie sensu polityki kulturalnej na podstawie narracji dotyczących postrzegania znaczenia społecznego – realizowanej przez zróżnicowane podmioty – działalności społecznej objętej tą polityką. Materiał stanowiący podstawę do wyodrębnienia ujęć działalności kulturalnej stanowiły swobodne wywiady indywidualne z współtwórcami polityki kulturalnej. Inspiracji do uporządkowania ujęć funkcjonalności kultury dostarcza teoria działań komunikacyjnych Jürgena Habermasa, szczególnie te fragmenty teorii, które nawiązują do myśli Maxa Webera dotyczącej racjonalności działań społecznych. W artykule ukazany zostaje dualny charakter racjonalności działań kulturalnych – rozpowszechnione dotychczas ujęcie zawężone (instrumentalne) oraz wyłaniające się z materiału ujęcie rozszerzone (komunikacyjne).
EN
The aim of the article is to identify the current state of knowledge on cultural and educational activities of older men, based on a review of research on this sphere of social practice over the last 15 years. The author shows that studies carried out in Poland on elderly people’s activity do not expose the importance of seniors’ gender experiences. Women’s issues are more frequently being addressed, however, researchers’ interest in men’s old age and their activity is scarce, so this problem remains unrecognised in Poland. A review of national and foreign studies has made it possible to reconstruct some features of the cultural and educational activities of older men, their characteristic phenomena and partly their determinants. Research has shown that older men make up the minority of participants in institutionalised activities aimed at old people. This is conditioned, among other things, by the feminisation of ageing, the mismatch between what is on offer and men’s needs and interests, the later retirement of men and the way they experience it, men’s instrumental approach to education, their negative attitude to school-based forms of learning and the influence of cultural patterns, mainly that of dominant masculinity. The research review, however, argues that older men should not be seen as ‘passive’ or less active than women. They are active differently and in other areas. Men’s cultural and educational activities are situated in everyday life, informal arrangements, and social organisations. Since there is little research focused on this issue, the outlined picture is not complete and reveals areas which should be subject to empirical studies, e.g., there is a lack of knowledge on the cultural activity of older men. Above all, the results of the review could be an important inspiration for research in Poland.
PL
Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat aktywności kulturalnej i edukacyjnej starszych mężczyzn na podstawie przeglądu badań tej sfery praktyki społecznej z ostatnich 15 lat. Autorka pokazuje, że realizowane w Polsce studia nad aktywnością ludzi starszych nie eksponują znaczenia doświadczeń rodzajowych seniorów. Tematyka kobieca bywa podejmowana coraz częściej, ale zainteresowanie badaczy starością mężczyzn i ich aktywnością jest nikłe, problem ten w Polsce pozostaje nierozpoznany. Przegląd krajowych i zagranicznych badań pozwolił zrekonstruować pewne cechy aktywności kulturalnej i edukacyjnej starszych mężczyzn, charakterystyczne dla niej zjawiska oraz częściowo ich uwarunkowania. Badania pokazują, że starsi mężczyźni stanowią mniejszość wśród uczestników instytucjonalnej oferty aktywności kierowanej do seniorów. Uwarunkowane jest to między innymi feminizacją starości, niedopasowaniem oferty do potrzeb i zainteresowań mężczyzn, późniejszym przechodzeniem mężczyzn na emeryturę i sposobem jej doświadczania, ich instrumentalnym podejściem do edukacji, niechęcią do szkolnych form uczenia się oraz wpływem wzorów kulturowych, głównie wzoru męskości dominującej. Przegląd badań dowodzi jednak, że starsi mężczyźni nie powinni być postrzegani jako bierni, mniej aktywni od kobiet. Są aktywni inaczej i w innych obszarach. Ich aktywność kulturalna i edukacyjna lokuje się w codzienności, nieformalnych układach i organizacjach społecznych. Ze względu na to, iż niewiele jest badań skupionych na tej problematyce, zarysowany obraz nie jest kompletny i ujawnia także obszary, które należałoby poddać studiom empirycznym, między innymi brakuje wiedzy na temat aktywności kulturalnej mężczyzn. Przede wszystkim zaś wyniki analizy mogą być istotną inspiracją do poszukiwań badawczych w Polsce.
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