Search results

1

Protection of Cultural Heritage During Crisis Situations

100%

Pietrek G.

Internal Security

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2018

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vol. 10(2)

143-154

EN

Crisis situations such as catastrophes, natural disasters, armed conflicts and others pose a threat to different values. The author presents various definitions of a crisis situation found in the literature and concentrates on crisis management which might be treated as an interdisciplinary field of science. In order to achieve efficiency in crisis management one needs to apply a remarkable skill of working under pressure. In crisis situations mainly human life and health, natural environment, economy, spiritual and material values of the state or the region and its inhabitants are threatened and the functioning of state administration institutions may be also impaired. Among the protected values cultural assets seem to be neglected and legal documents in this sphere aren’t being updated. Therefore the author has presented his attempts at providing an analysis of available expert literature and legal acts, and using different research methods (such as comparison, synthesis or reasoning) he has presented the current condition of the discussed problem, indicating some potential shortcomings of the system. The plans for the protection of historical monuments are an integral part of the civil defence plans and they undergo annual updating. The author also discusses the theoretical problems in crisis management in Poland, which can be analysed in the context of strategic, tactical and operational management.

2

The correlation between the distribution of tourism assets and the location of tourist accommodation in Łódź Province

75%

Żakowska S., Podhorodecka K.

Turyzm

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2018

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vol. 28

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issue 2

73-84

EN

This article presents the correlation between natural and non-natural tourism assets and the distribution of tourist accommodation in the 24 powiats (districts) of Łódź Province. The authors, having divided these assets into natural and non-natural, discusses their occurrence in individual powiats. Next, tourist accommodation in Łódź Province is described, along with a presentation of statistical data. An important part of the paper is the presentation of the research results obtained by means of the point bonitation method. At the final stage, Spearman rank correlation coefficients is calculated, showing the strength of the relationship between selected tourism assets and the distribution of tourist accommodation.

3

Oferta kulturalna przestrzeni rewitalizowanych

63%

Maga-Jagielnicka R.

Problemy Rozwoju Miast

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2013

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issue 1

51-62

PL

Zaniedbane i zagrożone degradacją przestrzenie miejskie w wyniku realizacji projektów rewitalizacji zmieniają się w wymiarze kulturowym. W artykule przedstawiono problemy tworzenia oferty kulturowej przestrzeni rewitalizowanych opierając się na interpretacji pojęcia kultury jako uprawy – według najstarszego łacińskiego znaczenia tego pojęcia. Charakteryzując ofertę określono warunki wstępne, zidentyfikowano problemy skali zamierzeń i dylematów wyboru wartości. Odnawianie przestrzeni to specyficzna misja kulturowa, w której wymagana jest odpowiedzialna postawa wobec historii, a także nowych form aktywności społecznej i indywidualnej promowanych dzięki projektom rewitalizacji. Atrakcyjność oferty z punktu widzenia nowych wartości kulturowych udokumentowano opisami wybranych miejskich przestrzeni rewitalizowanych.

EN

Processes and phenomena occurring in urban development are an effect of attempts to adapt spatial forms to social (local communities) and individual (investors, owners and politicians) expectations. Revitalisation programmes involve a wide variety of space transformations. The range of values offered emerges as a result of proposed changes to the standards of use and to the appearance of technically, aesthetically and socially neglected locations. Cultural assets are especially threatened, which is why the new offer in this area is particularly noteworthy. The assessment of the assets of degraded spaces reveals problems of a functional, as well as a physiognomic and social nature, which poses a multi-task challenge for revitalisation programmes. A particular feature of the space revitalisation process is its cultural dimension. The cultural offer in urban revitalisation programmes is concerned not only with a new way of utilising space, but also with a change of its standards in many aspects, which manifests itself in, among other ways, attractive juxtapositions of old and contemporary forms, the aesthetics of material solutions and the rediscovery of historical assets. “Revived” structures and areas are locations that exert a particular influence on their surroundings, being noticeable due to their programme innovations and generating, as a result of modernised arrangement, an interest in the histories of their owners, patrons and users. Selected examples of designs and projects implemented are evidence of a special cultural mission being fulfilled. The balance of values that ma be obtained in revitalised spaces advocates cultural assets. The mutual relationship between the old and the new and proper placement of emphasis in using the potential of the existing in rastructure and environmental assets inculcate respect, humility and responsibility. They also teach culture in a particular way. Becoming familiar with urban revitalisation programmes provides ample material for reflection on the intended recipients, scope and extent of the influence of the cultural offer of spaces transformed.

4

Nano-trace: A Marking Tool for Movable Objects of Cultural or Industrial Value

63%

Schvoerer M., Ney C., de Kock N., Speeckaert P., Enza C., Massue J.-P., Dubernet S., Selva P., Ollagnier C., Aubert E.

Internal Security

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2011

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vol. 3(1)

29-48

EN

The Patient is a modern society. Material objects of cultural or industrial value are the threatened Organs. The Threat is theft, robbery, piracy, counterfeit and their unavoidable consequences – import, export and other illegal transfer of property. Is this really serious, Doctor? Unfortunately, the answer is “Yes”! In relation to the illegal trade in cultural assets, ICOM (International Council of Museums), an international institution engaged in various preventive activities, ascertains that: „Illicit traffic in cultural goods ranks third in the listing of criminal activities worldwide, following drug and arms trafficking”. This paper is deliberately insufficient: although it is focused on the protection of cultural assets, but it also relates directly to the assets of industrial value. In essence, it proposes a preventive measure based on the physical properties of materials and nanotechnology. The method is called nano-trace and is used to support activities of various international institutions – UN, UNESCO, Council of Europe, EU, European Commission, Interpol, and we would add PACT Association – that, like ICOM, are constantly seeking the best response to the above presented key problem. Like all new scientific methods and technologies it can be improved. Our deliberations in this paper, however, are aimed primarily at broadening the agenda.

5

Przeciwdziałanie zagrożeniom w funkcjonowania muzeów w Polsce podczas pandemii Covid 19 w 2020 roku w kontekście roli muzeów w tworzeniu tożsamości kulturowej oraz zabezpieczenia dziedzictwa kulturowego.

51%

Lipski Ł.

Rozprawy Społeczne

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2021

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vol. 15

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issue 1

97-112

EN

Abstract The article presents threats to the functioning of museums in Poland during the Covid 19 pandemic in 2020 in terms of protecting cultural heritage and creating cultural identity. Material and methods The study involved 11 museums. The data in the research was obtained through an expert interview with a subject matter expert of the museum and information published on official museum websites. Results A threat to the functioning of museums during the cultural identity pandemic turned out to be limited access to collections for visitors. The conservation of the collections was carried out properly and consequently did not pose a threat to the protection of cultural heritage. Conclusions The obtained results of the study gave a general picture of the threats that may affect the formation of national identity during the restriction or lack of access to cultural goods of importance for heritage and cultural development.

PL

Streszczenie W artykule przedstawiono zagrożenia dla funkcjonowania muzeów w Polsce podczas pandemii Covid 19 w 2020 roku w aspekcie ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego oraz w tworzeniu tożsamości kulturowej. Materiał i metody W badaniu uczestniczyło 11 muzeów z dwóch województw: mazowieckiego oraz lubelskiego. Dane w badaniach pozyskano za pomocą wywiadu eksperckiego z merytorycznym przedstawicielem muzeum oraz informacji publikowanych na oficjalnych stronach internetowych muzeów. Wyniki Wyniki badań wykazały, że największym zagrożeniem dla funkcjonowania muzeów podczas pandemii w zakresie tworzenia tożsamości kulturowej jest ograniczony bezpośredni dostęp do zbiorów dla zwiedzających. Wykazano również, że przeprowadzanie restauracji zabytków oraz proces konserwacji zbiorów przebiegał prawidłowo i w rezultacie nie stanowiło to zagrożenia dla ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego. Wnioski Uzyskane wyniki badania dały ogólny obraz zagrożeń, jakie mogą dotyczyć kształtowania tożsamości narodowej podczas ograniczenia lub braku dostępu do dóbr kulturowych, mających znaczenie dla dziedzictwa i rozwoju kulturalnego.

6

The Cross-Border Transfer of Cultural Assets in the European Union

51%

Zawrotniak P.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2015

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issue 3(41)

25-32

EN

Monuments and mementoes of cultural assets are taken very special care of by descendant heirs, as a form of national heritage. The Hague Convention of 1954 introduced regulations concerning the definition of a cultural asset. The Convention drawn up in Paris, in 1970, extended the scope of international legal protection in case of conflicts and armaments. It also extended notions which regulate the status of — e.g., rare collections. In 1976, the Convention signed in Paris clarified identification and definition of any kind of assets belonging to the countries which are the parties of the agreement, and determined their borders. The member states of the EU act pursuant to the regulations of the EU law and domestic law. After the accession to the Community, Poland adopted the EU law, which has to be direct and superior to domestic regulations. The EU and domestic legal regulations concerning the issue of the transfer of cultural assets — monuments within the Community and with third countries, are applicable to their export to other member states of the EU and within not regulated areas on the Community level, as well as to third countries.

PL

Zabytki i pamiątki dóbr kultury otaczane są specjalną troską potomnych spadkobierców, jako wyraz dziedzictwa narodowego. Konwencja Haska z 1954 r. podnosiła regulacje w dziedzinie definicji dóbr kultury. Konwencja sporządzona w Paryżu, w 1970 r. rozszerzyła zakres ochrony prawno-międzynarodowej na wypadek konfliktów i zbrojeń oraz rozszerzyła pojęcia regulujące status m.in. rzadkich zbiorów. W 1976 r. Konwencja podpisana w Paryżu, doprecyzowała określenie zarówno identyfikacji, definicji, jak i wyznaczyła granice wszelkiego rodzaju dóbr państw będących stroną umowy. Kraje członkowskie UE, w swoim porządku prawnym kierują się przepisami prawa UE i krajowego. Polska po wstąpieniu do Wspólnoty przejęła unijny dorobek prawny z obowiązkiem jego bezpośredniości i nadrzędności w stosunku do regulacji krajowych. Unijne i krajowe regulacje prawne odnoszące się do problematyki przemieszczania dóbr kultury — zabytków w obrocie wewnątrzwspólnotowym i obrocie z państwami trzecimi mają zastosowanie zarówno do ich wywozu do innych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej oraz w obszarze nieuregulowanym na poziomie wspólnotowym, również do państw trzecich.

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