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EN
The subject of this article is to draw attention to the problems that arise when creating a migration policy in the European Union and Poland in the context of negative demographic projections for the next decade. Migrations of workers in globalizing world become something natural, but attention should be paid to the need for intercultural integration and the development of migration policy. The competitiveness of the European economy within the next decades will depend on the degree of openness to global markets for labor and the susceptibility of Europeans to the changes associated with the inflow of people from completely different cultures.
EN
Currently, multiethnic Ukraine is inhabited by over 110 nationalities, assimilated to various extents and mostly russianized, particularly in the south-eastern territories. In the area of the former Soviet Union, the self-identification Post Homo Sovieticus is strictly related to the issue of multiculturalism and the conscious choice of ethnic belonging. Despite the few legal acts of Ukraine which guarantee ”the rights of national-cultural autonomy to all national minorities”, the processes of rebirth and development of ethnic groups’ identities are hindered by the specificity of the collective consciousness Post Homo Sovieticus, which – to a large extent – indicates the socio-cultural system of this country situated at the crossroads.
PL
Aktualnie wieloetniczną Ukrainę zamieszkuje ponad 110 narodowości w różnym stopniu zasymilowanych i przeważnie zrusyfikowanych, szczególnie na terenach południowo-wschodnich. Na terenach byłego ZSRR problem samoidentyfikacji Homo Post Sovieticus ściśle wiąże się z kwestią wielokulturowości i świadomego wyboru etnicznej przynależności. Pomimo nielicznych aktów prawnych Ukrainy, gwarantujących „wszystkim mniejszościom narodowym prawa autonomii narodowo-kulturalnej”, procesy rozwoju i odradzania tożsamości grup etnicznych są hamowane specyfiką zbiorowej świadomości Homo Post Sovieticus, która w dużym stopniu wyznacza społeczno-kulturowy system tego kraju na rozdrożu.
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