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EN
The aim of the article was to examine the dependence of level of investment risk on selected organizational fund characteristics. The analysis was conducted for 69 domestic mixed funds, divided into stable growth funds, balanced funds and active allocation funds, operated in the 2000–2015 period. The study employed 4 popular measures of risk and organizational factors such as size, age and inflow rate. By means of two regression methods for time-series cross-section data there was revealed that an increase of assets under management positively influences the level of variability, volatility, sensitivity and accuracy of the benchmark. A fund age factor was able to significantly influence the risk level measured mainly by beta and determination coefficients. The mentioned variable negatively impacted on variability of returns only for balanced funds.
PL
Celem artykułu było zbadanie zależności poziomu ryzyka inwestycyjnego od wybranych cech organizacyjnych. Analizę przeprowadzono dla 69 krajowych funduszy mieszanych, z podziałem na fundusze stabilnego wzrostu, zrównoważone oraz aktywnej alokacji, działających w okresie 2000–2015. W badaniu uwzględniono cztery popularne miary ryzyka oraz czynniki organizacyjne, takie jak: wielkość i wiek funduszu oraz współczynnik napływu aktywów do funduszu. W wyniku użycia dwóch metod regresji dla danych przestrzenno-czasowych ustalono, że wraz ze zwiększaniem się wartości aktywów zarządzanych przez fundusze, poziom zmienności, zagrożenia, wrażliwości oraz dopasowania do wzorca ulegał zwiększeniu. Czynnik określający wiek funduszu był w stanie istotnie oddziaływać na poziom ryzyka, ale głównie mierzonego współczynnikiem beta oraz wskaźnikiem determinacji. Jedynie w funduszach zrównoważonych wiek podmiotu ujemnie wpływał na zmienność wyników.
EN
Introduction. Adequate hospital staff employment and assorted organisational circumstances influence outcomes of hospitalised patients. Aim. To analyse influence of hospital staff employment structure and selected organisational circumstances on the death rate of patients hospitalised in acute hospitals. Material and method. Anonymous data of hospitalised patients (fragment of the NHF* report) and of hospital organisational questionnaire were used. The hospital death rate (proportion of hospital deaths to patient admissions) was defined as the dependent variable. The study included 25 hospitals, which provided all the required data. Statistical analysis was conducted in IBM SPSS Statistics 20, using rho Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for quantitative variables and eta correlation ratio for qualitative variables. Results. The death rate value was adversely correlated with the number of employed physicians, nurses and other not-nursing staff who provided direct patient care. The global number of hospital intensive care units and allocation of separate medical and surgical intensive care units positively influenced the hospital death rate. Conclusions. The number of employed personnel (physician, nurses, and other staff) involved in direct patient care and organization of intensive care in a hospital structure influence the death rate of patients treated in Polish acute hospitals.
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