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1

Czy Ireneusz Opacki był darwinistą?

100%
Nawarecki A.
Świat i Słowo
|
2010
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vol. 2010, nr 1(14)
189-198
EN
The hero of the essay is Professor Ireneusz Opacki (1933–2005), a distinguished Polish philologist from the Silesian University, an author of a famous treatise Krzyżowanie się postaci gatunkowych jako wyznacznik ewolucji poezji (1961). The text (entitled Royal Genres) included in the anthology Modern Genre Theory (Ed. D. Duff, Longman 2000) establishes (along with texts by Croce, Tynianov, Propp, Bakhtin, Frye, Jauss, Genette and Derrida) the canon of literary genre theory. Opacki combines the history of literature with the theory of evolution in a much more modern way than the positivist followers of Darwin. He analyses relation between “royal genres”, which combine with others to establish “blood relations”. Traces of that process in individual poems reveal the course of evolution of poetry.
2

Piętno darwinizmu

100%
Gielata I.
Świat i Słowo
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2010
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vol. 2010, nr 1(14)
49-62
EN
The author analyses the problem of circumstances in which Darwin discovered the mechanizm of natural selection and struggle to survive – a discovery that marked human being with “an indelible stigma”. The stigma is a special kind of “a hurt identity”, an identity, which hurts. Darwin’s discovery marked human beings with the “indelible stigma” of low descent, which endowed men with negative identity – of a being without origin. As a result in the 19th century people had to face the question of their own identity. Analysing the memoir The Voyage of The Beagle the author claims, that observations Darwin made during the journey (in particular the geological ones) changed his perception of time. Geological ruins revealed before young Darwin the nature of time, whose essence is dissemination – ie. irretrievable change. His views were confirmed by the earthquake in Chile in 1835 – where a sudden move of the earth’s crust became an image of time which perceived a catastrophe spread over thousands of years. Hence, as the author claims, Darwin’s memoire from the journey, and in particular its part which describes the earthquake in Chile foreshadows the Marxian statement that everything “vanishes”.
3

Czechow wobec Darwina i darwinizmu

100%
Mróz T.
Świat i Słowo
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2010
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vol. 2010, nr 1(14)
97-104
XX
Lev Shestov defined Anton Chekov’s philosophy of life as materialist positivism. The writings of Chekov were visibly influenced by natural science. Being a representative of a 1880s generation, which believed in the “philosophy of little things” and a physician by education, he paid attention to the recent currents in natural history. Hence Darwin’s theory also drew his attention, and he supported it as a scientific theory as well as fought against journalism which was mocking at it. However, he was definitely against applying the Darwin’s discoveries to the social sciences, and expressed that attitude in his short story Duel.
4

Małopolskie monografie modernistów Poststrukturalizm w świetle darwinizmu

88%
Paszek J.
Świat i Słowo
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2010
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vol. 2010, nr 1(14)
207-224
EN
The author combines polemics and analysis in order to defend the tradition of thorough philological commentary and a philological monograph. As a representation of a phenomenon the author presents four volumes written by Jagiellonian University professors and published by the Universitas Publishing House between 2007 and 2009. The author claims that scholars are meant to be able to adapt to every environmental circumstances in which they happened to struggle for their role and status. They have mastered the rituals of mimicry and metamorphosis. The struggle to survive in the field of humanities boils down to the well known watchword: Publish or perish! The guarantor of the quality of publications are publishing houses, which, on the one hand, force the in-house reviewers to write paeans (in order to get grants and subsidies), and on the other hand – treat every book as a perishable good and discount it ruthlessly the next year.
5
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Charles Darwin i dansk litteratur med særlig henblik på Johannes V. Jensens forfatterskab

75%
Rossel S. H.
Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia
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2016
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vol. 19
183-199
EN
Charles Darwin’s theories were already introduced in Scandinavia in the early 1860s, whereas his two major works, On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871), were translated by Danish writer J.P. Jacobsen in the 1870s. Jacobsen acts as an important intermediary both as a scientist and, probably, the first Danish writer whose work is influenced by Darwin’s thoughts. But also in the writings of other authors of the time, e.g. Herman Bang, at least the name ”Darwin” infrequently occurs as is also the case with the symbolist writers of the 1890s, e.g. Viggo Stuckenberg and Sophus Claussen. However, not until after 1900 does Darwin serve as an artistic inspiration and a positive role model. This happens in an overpowering manner in the fictional and essayist works of the Danish Nobel Prize-winner Johannes V. Jensen. Jensen’s Darwinism was not countered until the so-called ”livsanskuelsesdebat” – a philosophical debate – during the 1920s with the eloquent poet and dramatist Helge Rode as his acute opponent. Hereafter, Darwin’s role in Danish literature decreases significantly unless one wishes to see Peter Høeg’s novel from 1996, Kvinden og aben (The Man and the Ape) as the last example of a Darwin-influence on a literary text.
6
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Darwinowskie paradygmaty : kultura popularna w poszukiwaniu teorii wszystkiego

63%
Oramus D.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2011
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vol. 55
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issue 2-3
229-243
EN
The article attempts to prove that Darwinism in popular culture plays a role of a theory of everything. Bestselling authors of popular science such as Edward O. Wilson, Richard Dawkins and Bill Bryson have acquainted general public with the theory of evolution, and its newest facet — the Modern Synthesis. Darwinian paradigms, as defined by Thomas Kuhn, are also used in popular books on cosmology, sociobiology, psychology, and religious studies. Moreover, the Darwinian grand narrative of evolutional history shapes the way in which contemporary mass culture presents the history of our planet in numerous educational TV series. Last but not least, Charles Darwin himself has recently become a popular icon and the story of his life is remade in a growing number of fiction and non-fiction books and movies.
7
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Natura w soczewce pozytywisty. Pleśń świata Bolesława Prusa wobec tradycji przyrodopisarstwa

63%
Piechota D.
Świat Tekstów. Rocznik Słupski
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2015
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issue 13
43-54
EN
Summary This text analyses short story – Pleśń świata – written by Bolesław Prus in the context of nature writing. According to the nature writing the most important questions raised by writers are: what is nature? How can we define it? What is the connection between nature and human? Prus in Pleśń świata presents a small ecosystem; the protagonist of the story is a scientist who observes a big stone near Sybilla’s Temple in Puławy. He describes the nature’s world through biocentrism. He rejects antropocentrism. This piece of nature observed by the protagonist symbolises a microcosmos. Prus promotes ecological awareness among readers. People are connected with animals, plants, minerals so they should respect the law of nature. What is more, people need nature which is a source of inspiration.
8
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Wybrane aspekty sporu kreacjonizmu z ewolucjonizmem

38%
Kucharczyk J.
Rocznik Teologiczny
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2014
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vol. 56
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issue 1
121-154
PL
Artykuł dotyczy źródeł sporu między kreacjonistami i ewolucjonistami, jego historii oraz różnych jego aspektów: naukowego, filozoficznego, teologicznego, prawnego oraz społeczno-etycznego. Jest pewną formą syntezy tematu, ale z pewnymi elementami analizy niektórych idei i argumentów obecnych w nim.
EN
The article is about the sources of the dispute between creationists and evolutionists, its history and several aspects: scientific, philosophical, theological, legal, social and ethical one. It is a kind of the synthesis of the subject, but with some elements of analysis of selected ideas and arguments present in this dispute.
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