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EN
Music dedication is an additional source not only of biographical curiosities or testimonies of friendship ties but also of real knowledge of composers. The French composers of the last centu-ry who were placing dedications in their organ works were guided by various reasons. The dedica-tions create a peculiar kind of map of the music in the 20th-century France. The author is analyzing the pieces in which either the concrete person is being called in the title e.g. Suite pour…, Hom-mage à…, à la memoire de…, or their names are placed in the subtitle. The aim of this paper is not a detective research of the relations that connect the composer with the addressee of dedication, though sometimes by tracking the mentioned persons one may complete or explain many biograph-ical details (just like in the organ series of e.g. Joseph Bonnet, Gaston Litaize, or Louis Vierne). Because of the great number of dedications (presented in the table provided), the author has tried to divide them into some groups and to make a classification: (1) dedications referring to the past that are the expression of the homage paid to the composers especially important for the French religious or organ music (e.g. Jean Titelouze, Girolamo Frescobaldi, Jean-Phillippe Rameau, César Franck, or Gabriel Fauré); (2) works addressed by the grateful disciples to their master, not only to the teachers of playing the organ — owing to them we can find out about the educational experience of the organists, who at that time were very often composers, too; (3) dedications reflecting the disciple-master relation, but also the one of predecessor-successor in case of the titular organists in Paris churches — it turns out to be the confirmation of the “organist to organist” relation and the relation of friendship, as well; (4) wish to commemorate the organist having died prematurely (e.g. Jehan Alain or Jean-Claude Touche); (5) works offered as a gift to the personages from the circle of the art and culture creators (organ masters, music critics, poets), as well as to the very closest persons among the friends and family.
EN
One can research the religious life and choices of the local aristocrats through the analysis of their private dedications only. The results prove that these people were personally less involved in the imperial cult or in the trendy exotic religions, preferring the Roman deities, mainly Jupiter and the ones defending the home, the welfare and the health.
Studia Hercynia
|
2019
|
vol. 23
|
issue 1
11-25
EN
The paper examines the Near Eastern and Greek dedications at the Sanctuary of Hera in Samos during the 8th to 6th centuries BC. Contextualising the types of dedications and their origins indicate the identity of the dedicators, and whether they were Samians, other Greeks or from the Near East. Much scholarship has been devoted to the Samian Heraion and this paper contributes to these discussions by tracing the socio -economic and political objectives of the dedicators and bringing different theories into a single narrative. The paper presents a selection of votive dedications that embody broader exchanges: firstly as a political act between states; as a display of social power; the growing trade routes and role of sanctuary markets; and finally, the other modes of contact that emerged, such as mercenaries and pirates. Overall, the Samian Heraion played an essential role as a timely crossroads between the East and West, where the dedication practices shed light on the various groups of dedicators.
EN
Egon Bondy’s poetry, fiction, and even philosophical essays contain a lot of factual remarks, both explicit and anonymous (albeit quite transparent), on the woman he met by the end of 1948 and with whom he was in a love-affair for many years. However, Honza Krejcarová seems to have inspired Bondy in a number of other cases. Some fictitious female characters in his literary work are likely to be shaped by the image the poet had created about his ‚femme fatale‘. On the other hand, Krejcarová’s own literary heritage is comparatively modest in its scope. The voluminous ‚letter to Egon Bondy‘ (1962), together with the memoir biography on her mother Milena Jesenská are very important among her works. In the letter, she expressed the gist of her aesthetics and ideas; only in her private correspondence — contrary to her works of fiction published in the sixties — could she write openly, without the interference of any censorship and self-censorship.
EN
The study sums up previous research of Great Moravian dedications. The research of this issue is rather challenging – mainly because a lot of then churches existed only for a short period of time. Many of Great Moravian churches were built during the 9th century and perished around 900 AD which means that they were in existence only for several decades and only few of them “managed“ to leave some traces in historical sources during such short time. Nevertheless, the presented data proves that to a certain extent, reconstruction of Great Moravian dedications is possible. Obviously, this is a difficult task. Without a doubt, dedications of some sacral objects will never be found out. The text focuses mainly on 22 sacral objects, which have – surely or very likely – Great Moravian origin. Dedications of 12 objects are unknown (it concerns mainly the churches of destroyed hillforts in Mikulčice and Pohansko). Dedications of remaining 10 sacral objects are either known or we can reconstruct them with some degree of probability. Thus, in Great Moravia existed cults of most common Christian saints there – Mary, John (probably the Baptist), perhaps also Peter, George and Michael, but also cults connected with some specific missions – that from Diocese of Passau (Hippolytus, probably connected with missionaries from Austrian Benedictine abbey in Sankt Pölten ) and that of Cyril and Methodius (Clement). Dedications to Hippolytus and Clement are particularly interesting, also because in Moravia there are some later medieval churches dedicated to those saints. The possible connection between Great Moravian and post-Great-Moravian cults of those saints is one of the most interesting tasks for future research in this respect.
PL
Autor podsumowuje dotychczasowe badania nad wezwaniami kościołow wielkomorawskich. Badanie wezwań z tego okresu jest trudnym wyzwaniem, ponieważ wiele wielkomorawskich obiektow sakralnych istniało tylko przez krotki okres – obiekty te powstawały w ciągu IX wieku, a już na początku X wieku w wyniku najazdu węgierskiego wiele z nich przestało istnieć, nie pozostawiając śladow w źrodłach pisanych. Mimo to w części przypadkow można poznać patrocinia, z reguły wykorzystując ich ślady w źrodłach poźniejszych. Przedmiotem zainteresowania autora są 22 obiekty sakralne, ktore z pewnością lub dużą dozą prawdopodobieństwa powstały w czasach wielkomorawskich. Patrocinium 12 obiektow nie udało się określić (chodzi głownie o kościoły z grodow w Mikulčicach i Pohansku), natomiast w przypadku pozostałych 10 albo wezwanie jest znane, albo można go określić z pewnym prawdopodobieństwem. Z badań wynika, że w państwie wielkomorawskim nadawano patrocinia Najświętszej Marii Panny oraz św. Jana (najprawdopodobniej Chrzciciela), stosunkowo prawdopodobne są rownież wezwania św. Jerzego, św. Michała Archanioła oraz św. Piotra. Na Wielkich Morawach istniało rownież patrocinium św. Hipolita, związane najpewniej z działalnością misjonarską austriackich benedyktynów z klasztoru Sankt Polten, oraz dość prawdopodobnie św. Klemensa, związane z misją świętych Cyryla i Metodego, ktorzy relikwie tego świętego przynieśli na Morawy.
EN
Historian, cartographer, bibliographer, book scientist Joachim Lelewel (1786-1861) devised and bequeathed his private library to the Vilnius University. This collection, preserved in the Rare Book Department of the VU Library, consists of 3684 titles (5400 volumes). Though Lelewel was not a bibliophile, his book collection is interesting and valuable thematically and for the extant provenances in the books. The article reveals the history of its formation and eventual arrival at the Vilnius University, shortly discusses book topics and brings into focus all the different inscriptions, stamps and exlibrises. The majority of books deal with geography, cosmography, Antique, history of modern times, descriptions of travels in different countries. Works of Lelewel himself form a significant part of this collection as well. Lelewel’s own notes in the books themselves reveal that he was not only a researcher interested in a lot of areas of science, but also a great bibliographer. Moreover, the dedications to J. Lelewel paint him as a famous or appreciated scientist who intensively cooperated with the other researchers. The varied persons’ and institutions’ provenances from different times not only provide significant information about the former readers, their reading habits and interests, but also confirm that for Lelewel the content of the books – not the goal to aquire special or exclusive publications – was the most important thing.
PL
Historyk, kartograf, teoretyk księgoznawstwa Joachim Lelewel (1786-1861) swoją bibliotekę prywatną zapisał w testamencie Uniwersytetowi Wileńskiemu. Dział Druków Rzadkich Biblioteki UW przechowuje kolekcję książek i broszur uczonego, liczącą 3684 pozycje (5400 tomów). Jest ona ciekawa ze względu na tematykę oraz zachowane proweniencje. W artykule zostały przedstawione dzieje powstania zbioru i okoliczności włączenia go do Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego, a także krótka charakterystyka tematyczna. Najwięcej uwagi poświęcono jednak różnym wpisom, pieczęciom i ekslibrisom. Sporą część kolekcji stanowią książki z dziedziny geografii, kosmografii, dziejów antycznych i czasów najnowszych oraz relacje z podróży do różnych krajów. Ważne miejsce zajmują też prace samego historyka. Zachowane na książkach notatki J. Lelewela ukazują go jako badacza o rozległych zainteresowaniach oraz świetnego bibliografa. Natomiast dedykacje potwierdzają, że był on naprawdę znanym i cenionym naukowcem. Proweniencje wielu osób i instytucji z różnych okresów wskazują na to, że J. Lelewelowi nie zależało na nabywaniu wyjątkowych, cennych książek, a zwracał on uwagę przede wszystkim na treść publikacji.
EN
2_Unity of the Brethren and Lutheranism. We suggest the rather contentious term national humanism, a survival from a previous era, should be replaced by a new term, the proto-revival of burgher society.
CS
a2_Ze starších dob přežívající, avšak poněkud konfliktní termín „národní humanismus“ navrhujeme nahradit nově zavedeným výrazem „proto-obrození“ měšťanské části společnosti.
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