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1

Non-Liberal Democracy and the Possibilities of Its Consolidation

100%

Plecka D.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2022

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issue 4(51)

25-34

EN

The notion of non-liberal democracy has become an inseparable element of the debate on the crisis of liberal democracy. For some scholars and journalists, non-liberal democracy is a consequence of the crisis of liberal democracy. It should be pointed out that when indicating the causes of this crisis in the economic, political, and cultural spheres, researchers rarely address the issue of the legitimacy of identifying democracy as non-liberal and its characteristics. Moreover, no one has initiated a broad debate on the possibility of a retreat from non-liberal democracy and the conditions that must be met to return to liberal democracy. That is why this paper attempts to describe the phenomenon called nonliberal democracy and analyse the conditions which should be fulfilled, both in political and social terms. It is to enable the return to the idea of liberal democracy.

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Kandydaci Partii Demokratycznej i Republikańskiej wobec przemian społeczno- gospodarczych. Analiza na przykładzie wyborów prezydenckich z lat 2008 i 2012

84%

Weber K.

Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne

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2016

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vol. 20

92-108

EN

American society has been the subject of many changes in recent years. In this context, important was an increasing liberalization of communities of large cities. But also, as a response to this process, there could be seen a growing influence of the conservative Tea Party supporters. Changes in the national structure consisting of reducing the share of white community for African Americans and immigrants are also noticeable. Important implications also caused the recent economic crisis resulting in differentiation of the standard of living of different social groups. It is therefore interesting to analyze how two major American parties responded to these changes. The ground for such an analysis are especially presidential elections because of the importance that the head of state has in the policy of the United States.

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Konsolidacja systemu politycznego jako źródło rosyjskich zachowań politycznych w środowisku międzynarodowym

84%

Potulski J.

Nowa Polityka Wschodnia

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2023

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issue 1(36)

9-38

RU

Современная Российская Федерация переживает процесс демократического регресса и возврата к традиционные для этой страны авторитарные общественно-политические решения. Отстраненность процессов принятия решений воля граждан приводит к тому, что элиты руководствуются собственной логикой действий, оставаясь вне демократической контроль. Таким образом, все решения принимаются в интересах элит, в основном из спецподразделения и армия. Укрепление политического режима, регресс демократии в российских условиях он способствует возвращению к великодержавному мышлению и, таким образом, способствует агрессивному поведению. В В статье автор указывает, что предпринятой в январе 2022 года агрессии против Украины предшествовал длительный процесс консолидация политической системы и устранение из ее структуры всех механизмов сдержек и противовесов обеспечение демократического контроля над процессами принятия политических решений.

EN

The contemporary Russian Federation is undergoing a process of democratic regression and a return to the socio-political authoritarianism, traditional to the Russian political system. The detachment of decision-making processes from the will of the citizens means that elites follow their own logic of action while remaining outside democratic control. Thus, all decisions are taken in the interests of the elites, most of whom come from the secret services and the military. The consolidation of the political regime, the regression of democracy in Russian conditions, promotes a return to great power thinking and thus encourages aggressive behaviour. In the article, the author points out that the aggression against Ukraine, undertaken in January 2022, was preceded by a long-term process of consolidation of the political system and elimination from its structure of any check and balance mechanisms allowing democratic control over political decision-making processes.

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1 Weber K.

Non-Liberal Democracy and the Possibilities of Its Consolidation

Kandydaci Partii Demokratycznej i Republikańskiej wobec przemian społeczno- gospodarczych. Analiza na przykładzie wyborów prezydenckich z lat 2008 i 2012

Konsolidacja systemu politycznego jako źródło rosyjskich zachowań politycznych w środowisku międzynarodowym