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EN
The central problem in the present globalization and democratic processes is the constant increase of socio-economic inequalities. This involves modern migrations with overall risks. As a social phenomenon, migration has been presented since ancient times. It occurs in all societies and due to historical, social and cultural differences, the reaction of individuals and communities to migration can be very different. In the contemporary society that emphasizes mobility and information flow, migrations have become an integral part of life and society. Moreover, their scope and patterns become more and more complex. Given the recent increase in irregular migration to Europe, there is growing interest in developing new ways to collect and analyse data on irregular migration. Migration is today more than ever at the centre of global attention. The main goal of internationational organizations in this field is to harness the development potential of migration for individual migrants and societies. The Balkans region has witnessed a sharp increase in the numbers of mixed migration flows arriving in or transiting through its territory, along the so-called Balkan route. My country, i.e. Serbia, is facing a series of political, economic, social and cultural challenges, which this paper examines, explaining why the state still has a high emigration and low immigration potential, as well as to what extent the return to Serbia today is a complex option. In addition to the high numbers, the mixed composition of these flows adds complexity to the task of addressing them effectively and in line with international commitments and standards. This study focuses on the relations between international organizations, migrations and national interests of countries. The author determines that migrations are, to some extent, a challenge for the Balkan region, not only in terms of an increased danger of extremism, but also because of the possible outbreak of regional conflicts.
PL
Zasada wolnych wyborów pozwala na szeroką ochronę imponderabiliów związanych z procesem wyborczym. Swoim zakresem obejmuje czynności o szerokim horyzoncie: począwszy od możliwości zapoznania się informacjami wyborczymi przez wyborcę, aż do samego procesu głosowania. Tak wielopłaszczyznowe ujęcie tej zasady prawa wyborczego, która de facto nie jest obecnie wyrażona expressis verbis w Konstytucji RP pozwala na protekcję całego procesu głosowania. To zaś wydaje się kluczowe w zakresie odniesienia do nowoczesnych technologii. Te bowiem niewątpliwie ułatwiają nam życie, jednakże nieodpowiednio wykorzystane mogą zakłócać m.in. procesy demokratyczne. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na doniosłe pytanie praktyczne: w jaki sposób używane w wyszukiwarkach internetowych oraz portalach społecznościowych algorytmy priorytetyzacji treści mogą wpływać za wolność wyborów oraz czy nieodpowiednie użycie niniejszych algorytmów może łamać prawo oraz w jakim zakresie może wpływać na procesy demokratyczne? W moim przekonaniu podjęcie niniejszej tematyki badawczej pozwoli na zabezpieczenie interesów państw demokratycznych, a także spojrzenie za zasadę „wolnych wyborów” w nieco innym kontekście aniżeli dotychczas.
EN
The principle of free elections allows for broad protection of imponderables related to the electoral process. Its scope covers activities ranging from the possibility of reading electoral information, up to the voting process itself. Such a broad approach to this principle of electoral law, which in fact is currently not expressed expressis verbis in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, allows protection of the entire voting process. This, in turn, seems crucial in the field of reference to modern technologies. These are undoubtedly easier for us to live, however, improperly used, they can interfere with democratic processes. This article is an attempt to answer a momentous practical question: how can the content optimization algorithms used in search engines and social networks influence freedom of choice, and whether inappropriate use of these algorithms may violate the law and to what extent can it influence democratic processes? In my opinion, taking up this research topic will help to secure the interests of democratic states, as well as looking at the principle of “free elections” in a slightly different context than before.
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