Search results

1

Tracing back the history of Italian Attributive-Appositive Noun+Noun compounds: First outcomes

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Radimský J.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2023

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vol. 33

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issue 2

136-155

EN

The paper presents the initial findings of a research project that investigates the origins of Italian ATAP NNs, such as parolaN chiaveN (keyword) or luogoN simboloN (place.symbol — symbolic place). This study is based on a meticulously chosen sample of 1,924 NN types that include 47 different modifiers as their rightmost constituent, sourced from Google n-grams frequency lists (2020), which represent the most extensive diachronic linguistic data currently available. While recent literature suggests that Italian ATAP NNs emerged in the latter half of the 20th century and gained significant productivity only after 2000, our data indicate that this process occurred approximately 50 years earlier, particularly for a notable subset of N2-based semi-schematic constructions. With respect to the theoretical frameworks of Construction Morphology, Relational Morphology, and Diachronic Construction Grammar, the analysis of the data provides an insight into the interaction between the fully schematic ATAP NN construction and various semi-schematic constructions (N2-based families). Moreover, the study attempts to identify key diachronic stages in the development of the pattern.

2

Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskim

100%

Ostrowski N. I.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2014

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vol. 38

172-181

EN

This paper discusses the development of several Lithuanian prefixal verbs (su-bradžióti ‘to do a wrong thing’, iš-skìlti ‘to strike spark’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘to open / to close’, iš-réikšti ‘to express’, ap-àkti ‘to go blind’) and their relation to simplex forms (bradžióti ‘wade; do a wrong thing’, skìlti ‘to strike spark’, vérti ‘to thread; to prick; to open; to close’, réikšti ‘to express, to mean’, àkti ‘to go blind’). What these forms have in common is deprefixation, a kind of retrograde derivation exemplified by subradžióti → bradžióti.

PL

Artykuł omawia rozwój kilku czasowników prefigowanych w języku litewskim (su-bradžióti ‘czynić źle’, iš-skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘otwierać / zamykać’, iš-réikšti ‘wyrażać coś, znaczyć’, ap-àkti ‘oślepnąć’) oraz ich stosunek do form nieprefigowanych (bradžióti ‘brodzić; postępować źle’, skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, vérti ‘nawlekać; przebijać; otwierać; zamykać’, réikšti ‘wyrażać; mieć znaczenie’, àkti ‘ślepnąć’). Cechą wspólną omawianej grupy jest deprefiksacja, rodzaj derywacji wstecznej ilustrowanej przez parę su-bradžióti → bradžióti. W jej wyniku czasownik nieprefigowany rozszerza swój zasób znaczeń o nowe pojęcie, pierwotnie ograniczone tylko do czasownika przedrostkowego.

3

Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskim

100%

Ostrowski N. I.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2014

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vol. 38

EN

Back-formation in the history of the Lithuanian prefixal verbsThis paper discusses the development of several Lithuanian prefixal verbs (su-bradžióti ‘to do a wrong thing’, iš-skìlti ‘to strike spark’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘to open / to close’, iš-réikšti ‘to express’, ap-àkti ‘to go blind’) and their relation to simplex forms (bradžióti ‘wade; do a wrong thing’, skìlti ‘to strike spark’, vérti ‘to thread; to prick; to open; to close’, réikšti ‘to express, to mean’, àkti ‘to go blind’). What these forms have in common is deprefixation, a kind of retrograde derivation exemplified by subradžióti → bradžióti. Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskimArtykuł omawia rozwój kilku czasowników prefigowanych w języku litewskim (su-bradžióti ‘czynić źle’, iš-skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘otwierać / zamykać’, iš-réikšti ‘wyrażać coś, znaczyć’, ap-àkti ‘oślepnąć’) oraz ich stosunek do form nieprefigowanych (bradžióti ‘brodzić; postępować źle’, skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, vérti ‘nawlekać; przebijać; otwierać; zamykać’, réikšti ‘wyrażać; mieć znaczenie’, àkti ‘ślepnąć’). Cechą wspólną omawianej grupy jest deprefiksacja, rodzaj derywacji wstecznej ilustrowanej przez parę su-bradžióti → bradžióti. W jej wyniku czasownik nieprefigowany rozszerza swój zasób znaczeń o nowe pojęcie, pierwotnie ograniczone tylko do czasownika przedrostkowego.

4

Shigeaki Sugeta. Manuale di Linguistica Romanza (Romance Gengogaku Gairon) Tokyo: Waseda University Press, 2019, viii + 243pp.

100%

Kanazawa Y.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2021

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vol. 16 (Semanticity, Alterity, Creativity: Building on Eugenio Coseriu’s Legacy (II))

201-210

5

Die Begriffe ‘schneiden’ und ‘Zauberei’ im Indogermanischen und Slawischen

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Levickij V.

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia

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2011

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vol. 16

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issue 1

63-72

EN

The article examines the semantic relationship between three homonymous IE roots *uerg- (‘to work, to do’, ‘to include’, ‘power, anger’) and three PSlav. roots *ćara (‘shell’, ‘magic’, ‘stroke, line’). All the IE roots can be derived from the meaning of ‘to turn, to surround’, while the PSlav. roots go back to *(s)ker- ‘to cut’. It is possible that (s)ker- is one of the variants *sek-/sek-/sek- with the meaning ‘to cut’. All the three roots can be built from *se-/se-, synchronically ‘to cut / to connect / to bend’, with the help of the determinatives k.

6

Lubotsky’s and Beekes’ laws, PIE (H)r-, (H)i(V)-, *a and some other laryngeal matters

100%

Werner H.

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia

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2011

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vol. 16

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issue 1

151-187

EN

A recent bimoraic analysis of the properties of (late) PIE laryngeals supports Rix’s theory of PIE CRHC (with implications for CRHV) in Greek and Beekes’ law of laryngeal vocalization following initial resonant. Beekes’ difficulties involving PIE *r are eliminated by demonstrating that Latin and Vedic, unlike Hittite, Greek and Armenian, always distinguish between PIE *rHC- and PIE *HrHC-. Lubotsky’s partly related law of laryngeal loss in Indo-Iranian is found to be supported by twelve (partly amended) etymologies out of Lubotsky’s original fourteen plus one new one. Alternatives are essayed for etymologies containing PIE *a proposed in refutation of these laws. Accentually conditioned voicing by *h3 is further promoted.

7

KOMEN TARZ DO KIL KU TOPONI MÓW Z OKOLIC NOWOGRODU WIELKIEGO

100%

Janczulewicz P.

Onomastica

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2014

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vol. 58

373-382

XX

A COMMEN T ON SOME TOPONYMS OF VELI KY NOVGOROD AREA The aim of this article is to confront etymologies of some toponyms of Veliky Novgorod area which have been proposed by V. L. Vasil’ev in his book “Slavânskie toponimičeskie drevnosti Novgorodskoj zemli” with contemporary achievements in the field of Slavic linguistics. The author of this paper reanalyses proper nouns with Proto-Slavic stems *klěšč-, *vьŕav-, *kamen- and others. A polemic against geographical distribution of names of Baltic origin on Russian territory is an important part of this article.

8

Diachronic complexification and isolation

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Baechler R.

Yearbook of the Poznań Linguistic Meeting

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2014

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vol. 1

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issue 1

EN

One may hear that over time languages tend to simplify their grammar and notably their morphological system. This intuition, probably based on linguists’ knowledge of the rich inflectional systems of older Indo-European languages, has been challenged, particularly by sociolinguistic typologists (e.g. Trudgill 2011; Braunmuller 1984, 2003; Nichols 1992). They hypothesise that languages spoken by small and isolated communities with a dense network may complexify their grammar (Trudgill 2011: 146-147). The present article investigates the nominal inflection systems of 14 varieties of German in order to survey whether there is any such diachronic tendency towards simplification and whether instances of complexification can be observed, too. The varieties under analysis include present-day Standard German, Old High German and Middle High German (two older stages of German) and eleven present-day non-standard varieties which make part of the Alemannic dialect group. First, it will be shown that there is a diachronic tendency towards simplification if we consider the total complexity of nominal inflection. Second, however, we can identify instances of diachronic complexification too if we take a closer look at single categories. Interestingly, diachronic complexification appears only in the non-standard varieties, not so in the standard variety. This may support the hypothesis that isolated varieties are more complex than non-isolated ones.

9

Zwyczaj palenia tytoniu w słownictwie i frazeologii języka polskiego

100%

Piela A., Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica

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2014

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vol. 048

EN

The tobacco smoking custom in the Polish lexis and phraseology Polish phraseology contains a large number of lexical units reflecting old customs of Polish people. Among them, one can find those which originate either from the tobacco smoking custom or the habit of taking snuff. The article deals with the lexis and phraseology from the so-called “tobacco circle”. The semantic field of the names under examination is treated in a broader scope; thus it contains not only lexemes: cigar, pipe, cigarette, snuff, tobacco, but also the names of accessories and people connected with a tobacco industry such as: cigar-holder, pipe maker, cigarette manufacturer, cigarette-case, snuff-box, and the verbs describing smoking tobacco actions such as puff, drag, toke, fume, smoke.

10

On the Origin of the Neo Indo-Aryan Pahādī Language of Utarakhand and Western Nepal Himalaya

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Joshi M.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2010

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vol. 52

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issue 2

51-65

EN

Drawing on epigraphical sources the present paper purports to trace the origin and development of the neo Indo-Aryan Pahādī language of western Nepal, Kumaon and Garhwal. The methodology involves diachronic study of inscriptions found in the above-mentioned three regions, and their inter-area relationship with one another especially in terms of palaeography, orthography, contents, diction, syntax and vocabulary. Certain linguistic uses peculiar to the entire zone under reference were noticed in the very earliest inscriptions, some of which have survived to date. These records show the existence of proto Pahādī and proto Hindi (precursor of Avadhī, and Braja/Saurasenī) languages in the eleventh-thirteenth century AD and fully developed Pahādī from the fourteenth century AD onwards. In conclusion, epigraphy, can add considerably to our knowledge of history of language, and help us deconstruct myths related to philology.

11

Відображення суспільного статусу руської (української) мови у правових документах ХVI ст

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Farion I.

Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia

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2017

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vol. 5

43-62

PL

Social status of the Rus (Ukrainian) language in the diachrony, namely in the 16th century, is the representation of the language-ethnical (national) consciousness of that time and the ability of the then Rus’ elite to legally maintain the main spiritual backbone of the nation, i.e. language, despite the loss of the own state. The subject of research is the evolution of the Rus language through the prism of signifi cant legal documents of the 16th century and identifying main language problems in the context of: 1. The creation of socio-demographic basis of the language functioning through the prism of opposition domestic-foreign; 2. The legal directions of the social status of the Rus language; 3. Defi ning motivational components of the struggle for the status of the Rus language. The main sources of research are the Statutes of Lithuania of 1529, 1566 and 1588, and the petitions of the Rus nobility to the king of Rich Pospolyta (the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth).

12

Językowy obraz głosu w polszczyźnie — ujęcie diachroniczne

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Majdak M.

Język a Kultura

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2017

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vol. 27

83 - 92

EN

The aim of the article is to present a linguistic image of the voice in diachronic terms. In the analysis, the material in the Polish language that is considered comes from the dictionaries of the contemporary and historical Polish as well as the corpus of texts of various epochs. The article focuses only on the voice emission activity. The text also includes the methodological reflections resulting from the practice of the language historian.

13

Jakutische Elemente in tungusischen Sprachen X-XII: Jakutisches im Urulga-Ėwenki (X), Barguzin-Ėwenki (XI) und Nānaj (XII) (nach S. M. Širokogorovs “Tungus Dictionary”)

88%

Knüppel M.

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia

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2012

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vol. 17

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issue 2

89-100

EN

The following article deals with Yakut elements in Nānaj and two Ėwenki dialects (Urulga-Ėwenki and Barguzin-Ėwenki) as well as some Yakut-Tungus “parallels”, and it is based on the material included in S. M. Širokogorov’s “Tungus Dictionary”.

14

Los diccionarios de P. S. Pallas y Ph. A. Nemnich Hallazgos y enigmas

88%

Stala E.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2017

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vol. 16

169-181

EN

The main aim of the study is to present two lexicographic sources which contain Spanish lexical material and remain relatively unknown in the Spanish context which contain Spanish lexical material, namely Linguarum totius Orbis vocabularia comparativa, also called Dictionary of Catherine the Great (1787-1789), by Peter Simon Pallas, and Waaren-Lexicon in zwölf Sprachen (1797), by Philipp Andreas Nemnich. Both works were published in late 18th century, outside Spain, and their authors are two German scholars (a biologist and a lawyer). The present analysis uses the methodology corpus linguistics and it contributes new findings in the area of Spanish vocabulary: antedatings, new variants, new forms as well as the affiliation of the two dictionaries.

15

Countability in the history of English: Evidence from grammars and dictionaries

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Tichý O.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2022

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vol. 32

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issue 1

39-58

EN

Since at least the mid twentieth century, countability has been a lively topic in many fields of linguistics as well as an important subject in the field of teaching English as a second/foreign language. Yet the development of this category in the history of English has been little researched and never comprehensively described. This paper looks at the current state of the descriptions of the emergence of this category in the history of English. It notes a possible connection between its prominent status in the descriptions of Present-Day English and of English as a global language (studied by many non-native learners as well as linguists). It maps the history of the description of the category in grammars and dictionaries from the fourteenth until the early twentieth century, and prepares the ground for a follow-up corpus-based research of the development of countability in English.

16

Non-Root-Initial Ictus on Native Words in Old and Middle English Poetry

88%

Kołos M.

Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

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2014

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issue 23/2

33-41

EN

Primary word-stress in Germanic languages is generally defined as root-initial. This placement is considered decisive in the metrical shape of native poetic creations, with a tendency for placing prominence where linguistically plausible. However, notable exceptions can be traced in Middle English poetry, with ictus in certain native words falling on a derivative suffix or the second element of an obscure compound rather than the root. The present paper discusses possible reasons for the divergences on the basis of a sample of major poetic works. Focus is placed on the diachronic development from Old to Middle English. Firstly, a discussion from the point of view of linguistic prosody is included, with attention devoted to the possibility of non-weak stress in Old English falling on all heavy, bimoraic syllables. Secondly, semantic aspects are analysed, with focus on the possible impact of incomplete grammaticalization of certain morphemes. Finally, French influences are noted.

17

Constraints on the causative derivation in Early Vedic: Evidence for a diachronic typology of transitivity

88%

Kulikov L.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2013

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vol. 49

79-101

EN

The present paper demonstrates the relevance of the semantic approach to transitivity (going back to Hopper and Thompson 1980) for the analysis of Vedic causative verbs. I will argue that in terms of this approach it is possible to explain a number of constraints on causative derivation (which cannot be explained in terms of the traditional, syntactic, definition) and to offer a unified account of the semantics of these verbs. I will also briefly discuss some theoretical implications of this analysis of causative verbs in Vedic for a diachronic typology of transitivity.

18

On the origins of the Turkic directive suffixes -jar(y) and -sar(y)

88%

Stachowski M.

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia

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2012

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vol. 17

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issue 3

127-135

EN

This study is devoted to the problem of the interrelationship between Turkic syŋar ‘direction’ and jak ~ jan ‘side’ on the one hand, and the Khakas, Shor and Oyrot directive suffixes -jar(y) ~ -sar(y) ~ -sāra, and so on, on the other. The paper seeks to answer four questions: (1) Are jak ‘side’ and jan id. two derivatives ultimately of the same root *√ja?; (2) How do jak ‘side’ and sak id. compare?; (3) If it is true that jar, sar < *jagar, *sagar, how, then, should the final vowel in jary, sara, etc. be explained?; (4) How do Old Tkc. syŋar ‘direction’ (also used as a directive postposition) and sar ~ jar compare?

19

Zwyczaj picia kawy i herbaty odzwierciedlony w polskim słownictwie i frazeologii

88%

Piela A.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2015

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issue 19

141-152

XX

The paper shows that it is not just the habit of drinking coffee and tea that has changed over the centuries, but also the lexicon of the related semantic circle. Polish preserves the basic vocabulary pertaining to the culture of coffee and tea drinking; some units have undergone a semantic metamorphosis and remained in the language, others did not withstand the test of time and faded into oblivion. It should be emphasized that the analysed lexical layer is constantly evolving, as is proven by new names for our stimulants, such as lura ‘weak tea’, słomka ‘weak tea’, pistoletówka ‘black coffee’, szatan ‘strong black coffee’ etc.

20

Тенденция к оптимальной организации системы видовых пара- дигм в русском языке

88%

Klimonov V.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2018

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issue 43

123-142

PL

The reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy.

Refine search results

Tracing back the history of Italian Attributive-Appositive Noun+Noun compounds: First outcomes

Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskim

Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskim

Shigeaki Sugeta. Manuale di Linguistica Romanza (Romance Gengogaku Gairon) Tokyo: Waseda University Press, 2019, viii + 243pp.

Die Begriffe ‘schneiden’ und ‘Zauberei’ im Indogermanischen und Slawischen

Lubotsky’s and Beekes’ laws, PIE *(H)r-, *(H)i(V)-, *a and some other laryngeal matters

KOMEN TARZ DO KIL KU TOPONI MÓW Z OKOLIC NOWOGRODU WIELKIEGO

Diachronic complexification and isolation

Zwyczaj palenia tytoniu w słownictwie i frazeologii języka polskiego

On the Origin of the Neo Indo-Aryan Pahādī Language of Utarakhand and Western Nepal Himalaya

Відображення суспільного статусу руської (української) мови у правових документах ХVI ст

Językowy obraz głosu w polszczyźnie — ujęcie diachroniczne

Jakutische Elemente in tungusischen Sprachen X-XII: Jakutisches im Urulga-Ėwenki (X), Barguzin-Ėwenki (XI) und Nānaj (XII) (nach S. M. Širokogorovs “Tungus Dictionary”)

Los diccionarios de P. S. Pallas y Ph. A. Nemnich Hallazgos y enigmas

Countability in the history of English: Evidence from grammars and dictionaries

Non-Root-Initial Ictus on Native Words in Old and Middle English Poetry

Constraints on the causative derivation in Early Vedic: Evidence for a diachronic typology of transitivity

On the origins of the Turkic directive suffixes -jar(y) and -sar(y)

Zwyczaj picia kawy i herbaty odzwierciedlony w polskim słownictwie i frazeologii

Тенденция к оптимальной организации системы видовых пара- дигм в русском языке

Lubotsky’s and Beekes’ laws, PIE (H)r-, (H)i(V)-, *a and some other laryngeal matters