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Co wiemy o kobietach diakonach?

100%
Zagano P., Pottier B.
Studia Bobolanum
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2021
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vol. 32
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issue 1
5-17
EN
Pope Francis’s decision to establish a Commission for the Study of the Diaconate of Women in August 2016 reemphasizes the question: what do we know about women deacons? We know they existed. There is ample literary, epigraphical, and historical evidence that women deacons ministered in the West at least to the 12th century, and longer in the East. That they existed presents three questions: What do we know about the liturgical ceremonies bishops used to create women deacons? What do we know about their tasks and duties? What do we know about the theology of the diaco[1]nate that would admit or restrict women from diaconal ordination
PL
Decyzja Papieża Franciszka o powołaniu Komisji ds. studiów nad diakonatem kobiet w sierpniu 2016 roku ponownie wzbudziła pytanie: co wiemy o kobietach-diakonach? Wiemy, że istniały. Jest wiele literackich, epigraficznych i historycznych dowodów na to, że kobiety-diakoni posługiwały przynajmniej do XII wieku na Zachodzie i dłużej na Wschodzie. To, że istniały, rodzi trzy pytania: co wiemy o obrzędach liturgicznych, podczas których biskupi ustanawiali kobiety diakonami? Co wiemy o zadaniach i obowiązkach kobiet-diakonów? Co wiemy o teologii diakonatu, która dopuszczałaby kobiety do święceń diakonatu lub je ograniczała?
2
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Ks. Ryszard Selejdak, Diakonat stały w świetle Biblii i historii Kościoła, Częstochowa 2002, Wydawnictwo Tygodnika Katolickiego „Niedziela", ss. 129

89%
Zagórski D.
Vox Patrum
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2003
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vol. 44
478-481
EN
review
PL
recenzja
3
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Teologia sakramentu święceń ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stopnia diakonatu na podstawie zmian w 2009 roku w kan. 1008 oraz 1009 KPK

89%
Trojanowski B.
Polonia Sacra
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2021
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vol. 25
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issue 3
101-120
EN
The problem of the diaconate is one of the theological issues that still require a lot of reflection. The discussion on this topic returns, although often in different, often opposite directions. The changes to the Code of Canon Law introduced by the motu proprio of Benedict XVI Omnium in mentem do not only concern the issue of diaconate. The papal intervention into canon law contributed to the rereading of the last council regarding the diaconate, but also all three degrees of the sacrament of Orders (the differences between them and the sacramental character). Another aspect is the universal priesthood and the ministerial priesthood, the relationship and the differences between them. The direction for deeper reflection by Pope Benedict XVI led us to the thesis that the diaconate, although constituting the first degree of the sacrament of Holy Orders, does not yet include it in the hierarchical priesthood, and thus the deacon still participates in the common priesthood.
PL
Problematyka diakonatu stanowi jedną z kwestii teologicznych, które nadal wymagają głębokiej refleksji. Dyskusja na ten temat powraca, chociaż zmierzając w różnych, często przeciwnych kierunkach. Zmiany w Kodeksie prawa kanonicznego wprowadzone przez dokument Benedykta XVI Omnium in mentem nie dotyczą tylko samej kwestii diakonatu. Interwencja papieska w prawo kanoniczne przyczyniła się nie tylko do ponownego odczytania ostatniego Soboru w kwestii diakonatu, ale także wszystkich trzech stopni sakramentu święceń (różnic między nimi i sakramentalnego charakteru). Innym aspektem jest kapłaństwo powszechne i kapłaństwo służebne, relacja i różnice pomiędzy nimi. Wyznaczenie przez papieża Benedykta XVI kierunku do pogłębionej refleksji doprowadziło nas do tezy, iż diakonat, mimo że stanowi pierwszy stopień sakramentu święceń, nie włącza jeszcze do kapłaństwa hierarchicznego, a przez to diakon nadal uczestniczy w kapłaństwie powszechnym.
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Sakramenty święceń i małżeństwa według motu proprio Omnium in mentem Benedykta XVI

71%
Wojnarowicz P.
Kościół i Prawo
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2014
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issue 3 (16) nr 1
109-121
EN
This article presents a document issued in the form of the Apostolic Letter motu proprio by Pope Benedict XVI on October 26, 2009 and entitled Omnium in mentem. This document is vital to the canon law, because it is changing the contents of up to five articles of the Code of Canon Law. It is the second after the John Paul II’s 1998 motu proprio Ad Tuendam Fidem amendment to the Code. It relates to two areas – the sacrament of Holy Orders and the sacrament of Marriage. Changes made in the canons on the sacrament of Holy Orders (canons 1008, 1009) are amended dogmatic. They illuminate the difference between the common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial priesthood, as well as organize the three-level hierarchy of the ministerial priesthood, stressing that the diaconate is not (as opposed to the episcopacy and the presbyterate) representation of Christ, the Head of the Church, but has its own ministerial appointment. The change in the law of marriage, in the canons of 1086, 1117 and 1124, involves the removal of these wordings, talking about “a person who is not by a formal act seceded from the Church”. This change is of practical significance, since putting it avoids the problems of interpretation and abuse laws.
5
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La figura e la missione del diacono permanente secondo ‘Direttorio per il ministero e la vita dei diaconi permanenti

62%
Selejdak R.
Warszawskie Studia Teologiczne
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2020
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vol. 33
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issue 2
46-69
EN
On 22 February 1998, the Congregation for the Clergy published the Directory for the Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons. The document, which is divided into four parts, presents the juridical status of the Deacon, together with his ministry, spirituality and ongoing formation. According to the Directory, the diaconate has its source in the consecration and mission of Christ, wherein the Deacon is called to participate. Through the imposition of hands and the prayer of consecration, he is constituted a sacred minister and a member of the hierarchy. This condition determines his theological and juridical status in the Church. At the moment of Admission to Candidacy, all prospective Deacons are obliged to clearly express, in writing, their intention to serve the Church for the rest of their lives in a given territorial or personal circumscription, or in an Institute of Consecrated Life, or a Society of Apostolic Life, who have the faculty to incardinate. Acceptance of this written request is reserved for the competent Ordinary of the candidate. Incardination is a juridical bond that has ecclesiological and spiritual value in that it expresses the ministerial commitment of the Deacon to the Church. By virtue of the Order received, Deacons are united together in sacramental fraternity. The status of Deacons also comprises specific obligations and rights, envisioned in cann. 273- 283 of the Code of Canon Law, where it speaks about the obligations and rights of clerics. The Directory recalls the tri-partite description of diaconal ministry given at the Second Vatican Council: service of the Liturgy, the Word and of Charity. Deacons can preside at the Liturgy of the Word, administer Baptisms, conserve and distribute the Eucharist, assist at and bless marriages in the name of the Church, bring Viaticum to the dying, read the Scared Scriptures to the faithful, instruct and exhort the People of God, preside at worship and prayer services, administer sacramentals, preside over funeral and burial rites, together with performing works of charity and support. The document by the Congregation for the Clergy underlines that diaconal spirituality has its foundation in the sacramental grace that is engraved in the Deacon’s soul, calling him to a complete gift of his person in the service of God in the Church. This spirituality is eminently Christological as it is intimately characterised by a spirit of service. With the diaconate, one seeks to imitate Christ who came to serve and not to be served. The Directory for the Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons highlights the importance of ongoing formation for Deacons. Commitment is required here in continuity with the supernatural calling to a ministry of service in the Church, which together with initial formation, form part of a singular and organic Christian and diaconal journey. The document delineates four stages of formation: human, spiritual, intellectual and pastoral. The ecclesiastical norms recall that ongoing formation has the following characteristics: obligatory, universal, interdisciplinary, profound, scientific and propaedeutic of apostolic life. Deacons themselves are the primary agents of their ongoing formation, along their perennial journey of conversion. By their side stand the bishop and his Presbyterate, who have the task of helping them overcome any dualism or rupture between their secular lives and their diaconal spirituality, whilst also aiding them to respond generously to the demands and the responsibilities that the Lord has entrusted to them through the Sacrament of Holy Orders.
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