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EN
In the first half of the twentieth century, Manchuria occupied a special place in the Chinese scenery. More importantly, the land distinguished itself with a conflict-free multiculturalism. Further, it was a territory lying immediately in the borderland between Slavic and Chinese spheres of influence with all ensuing consequences. Poles and Ukrainians constituted an important part of this cultural melting pot, involving a fusion of nationalities and ethnicities. Undoubtedly, Ukrainians as well as Poles in Northeastern China contributed greatly to the cultural enrichment of the inhabited area. Regrettably, the sociocultural activities of numerous Polish and Ukrainian communities scattered across the region came to a sudden halt with the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945. Therefore, this text is devoted primarily to the study of Polish and Ukrainian settlement in Manchuria.
EN
The article deals with the actual problem of preserving the native language under the conditions of foreign language environment. It is substantiated that the qualitatively written teaching books play an important role in this process. Among the range of various textbooks for Ukrainian schoolchildren in the diaspora, the methodical appara-tus of the textbooks of Yar Slavutych, Sofia Vasilišin, Genrika Mìz', which receive positive reviews in the USA and Canada and are actively used in the teaching of the native language of foreign Ukrainians, has been analysed. They contain interesting Ukrainian studies materials, exercises for listening, tasks, games, as well as texts of songs with notes and rhythmic exercises for them, which promote not only the learning of the language, but also the development of creative abilities of schoolchildren, their agility and savvy. It has been established that the textbooks with a clear visual methods, adherence to the principles of the individual approach, connection with life, originality in content diversity provide motivation of children to learn the language, develop their communicative competences.
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