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Leczenie żywieniowe depresji

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Wypierana latami przez przemysł farmaceutyczny niefarmakologiczna forma kuracji żywnością obecnie ponownie znajduje swoje zastosowanie we współczesnej terapii chorób o podłożu psychicznym. Obserwuje się ograniczone możliwości i sposoby ich leczenia, dlatego obecnie można zauważyć wzrost zainteresowania alternatywnymi formami leczenia tych schorzeń. Sugeruje się istnienie związku między niedoborami żywieniowymi, rozpowszechnieniem typowej diety zachodniej oraz odmiennością przebiegu niektórych procesów metabolicznych (w tym wzmożony proces oksydacyjny) a wystąpieniem chorób o podłożu psychicznym. Nie są jednak znane dokładne przyczyny wzrostu zachorowania na te zaburzenia w ostatnich latach. Brak optymizmu w prognozach dotyczących liczby nowych diagnoz zmusza do podjęcia skutecznych działań zapobiegawczych oraz opracowania nowej strategii leczenia. Sugeruje się, że współczesna dieta deficytowa w składniki odżywcze – głównie witaminy i sole mineralne – a obfitująca w cukier, nasycone kwasy tłuszczowe oraz nienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe typu trans i omega-6, może mieć wpływ na wzrost zachorowania na depresję. Innymi faktorami wpływającymi dodatnio na rozpoznanie zaburzenia jest wystąpienie choroby w rodzinie oraz te pochodzenia socjalnego i środowiskowego. Możliwy pozytywny efekt terapeutyczny mogą wywierać takie składniki, jak: kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3, witaminy z grupy B, tryptofan i inne aminokwasy niezbędne do syntezy neuroprzekaźników oraz cynk. Indywidualnie dobrana dieta powinna mieć swoje uzasadnienie i być prowadzona pod opieką specjalisty we współpracy z lekarzem rodzinnym. Potrzebne są dalsze badania nad wpływem związków zawartych w żywności na choroby o podłożu psychicznym
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Over the years, displaced by the pharmaceutical industry drug-free, nutritional therapy again finds its application in contemporary treatment of psychiatric disorders. There is a limited capacity and possibility of treatment, so now we can see a growing interest in alternative forms of treatment for these diseases. It is suggested that there are associations between nutritional deficiencies, the spread of typical Western diet, the difference in some metabolic processes (including increased oxidative process) and the occurrence of psychiatric disorders. However precise reasons for the increased incidence of these disorders in recent years is not known. No optimistic forecasts for the number of new diagnoses necessitate to take effective preventive measures and to develop new treatment strategies. It is suggested that the modern diet, deficit in nutrients – mainly vitamins and minerals – and rich in sugar, saturated fat and trans and omega-6, may have an impact on developing depression. Other risk factors include depression incidence in the family and those of the social and environmental origin. Possible positive therapeutic effect may have components such as omega-3, B-vitamins, tryptophan and other amino acids required for the synthesis of neurotransmitters, and zinc. Individually selected diet should be justified and should be conducted under the supervision of a specialist in cooperation with Family Doctor. More research is needed on the effects of compounds found in foods on psychiatric illness.
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Celem artykułu jest analiza reklam telewizyjnych pod kątem występującego w nich przedstawienia kobiety wpadającej w stan marzenia sennego pod wpływem spożyciareklamowanego produktu i zaproponowanie nowego sposobu ich czytania w oparciu o współczesne teorie reklamy oraz prace Susan Bordo dotyczące ideologii głodu w kulturze popularnej. Dzięki zastosowanej metodologii autorka pokazuje, iż pomimo powierzchownego odczucia wyzwolenia, które mogą one wywoływać, te przedstawienia wskazują na istnienie głęboko zakorzenionych restrykcji dotyczących satysfakcji cielesnej u kobiet. Związek łączący kobiety i jedzenie ma dużą wartość emocjonalną, która zmusza do negocjowania delikatnej równowagi pomiędzy przerażającą żarłocznością a bezcielesną transcendencją. Wreszcie, przeprowadzona analiza ukazuje, że reklamy te mocno podkreślająz jednej strony kwestie samokontroli i samoograniczania się, a z drugiej kładą nacisk na występujące zakłócenia percepcji siebie i otoczenia, co stanowi cechy charakterystyczne dyskursu zaburzeń odżywiania.
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Introduction: Lipodystrophy is a skin composition disorder. One of the kinds of lipodystrophy is cellulite. Differences in fat tissue composition between woman and man are the cause that lipodystrophy affects women more often. It affects women of different ages - from maturation to menopause. Is estimated that this problem affects 85% of women above the age of 20. Purpose: To analyse the impact of cosmetic procedures and diets on skin affected by cellulite. Materials and methods: The study was conducted based on a survey using a proprietary questionnaire filled by 57 clients of beauty salon Health and Beauty Center “Anamed”, located in Lomza. The study was conducted between 12.2014 and 01.2015. Results: The diet and treatments performed by the respondents were analyzed and their subjective effectiveness assessed. After analyzing the data, it was observed that one-way actions do not bring the expected results. In order to reduce cellulite, it is necessary to undertake multidirectional activities. Conclusions: Cosmetic treatments minimize cellulite changes and improve the overall condition of the skin. Proper healthy eating habits should be promoted because they help to act in the treatment and more importantly preventive in the formation of cellulite.
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Purpose: To evaluate diet, frequency and type of products consumed and offered at school shops. Materials and methods: Studies were conducted in 2014 among 159 pupils of three randomly selected schools in Bialystok (elementary school, middle school, and high school). The original anonymous questionnaire was used as a research tool. Analysis of results depending on age of the respondents was performed using contingency tables and Pearson's chi-squared test. For hypothesis testing evaluation, significance level of 0.05 was assumed. Results: Consumption of four or more meals during the day was declared by more than half of respondents. Three meals were consumed by 41.5% of middle school pupils, 29.8% of primary school children, and 27.1% of secondary school pupils. Percentage of pupils eating meals outside the home increased with age. Elementary school pupils (91.5%) took water to school significantly more often than middle school or high school pupils (64.2% and 54.2% respectively) (p<0.05). The highest percentage of pupils buying fast food at school was elementary school children, while sweet rolls were mostly bought by middle school pupils (75.5%). Elementary school pupils (78%) are provided information on healthy eating habits from family and school, while middle school (66%) and high school pupils (74.6%) receive this information from the media and magazines. Conclusions: Dietary mistakes reported in the group of pupils were more pronounced with age of respondents. Buying at school shops was associated with an increase in the amount of junk food at the cost of nutritious food
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Introduction: Aging is accompanied by several physiological and psychological changes in the organism of an individual (e.g., decreased sense of taste and smell, disruption of satiety, depression), which affect the nutritional intake. Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study is to highlight the nutritional habits of elderly people. Materials and methods: Extensive review of the recent literature in electronic databases (Pub med, Google scholar) and journals. Exclusion criterion for the articles was the language than the Greek and English. Results: The increase life expectancy is important to be accompanied by physical and mental health, quality of life and, where possible, from participation in social, economic, cultural and spiritual life. Adopting healthy dietary patterns, combined with daily physical activity, and factors such as avoiding smoking, could help considerably in reaching these goals. The physical and psychological changes occurring during aging may adversely affect nutritional status. Instead, a proper diet can positively influence the physical and emotional state of elderly people. Conclusions: Diet and generally nutrition habits of the elderly play an important role in their health.
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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has been recognized as the leading cause of death for both men and women in developed countries. During the past century epidemiological and observational studies established that inappropriate nutrition together with reduced physical activity and increased tobacco consumption are key factors for cardiovascular disease development. Recent epidemiological and clinical trial data provide evidence of the great effectiveness of dietary interventions in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Therefore, the efforts to improve diet play an important role in shifting population disease risk. In this paper, the scientific background and current recommendations for dietary prevention of cardiovascular disease are summarized.
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It is not only important what a person eats, but also as a split-day food intake. Biologically valuable food covers the physiological needs of man in proportion to his needs and to the conditions of its environment in relation to age, sex, type of work and the physiological state. Authors in this paper highlights the fact that only eating a varied diet will help us to achieve the necessary balance of nutrients, enzymes, vitamins and trace elements in the body and at the same time as with physical activity becomes successful protection against many diseases, particularly cardiovascular.
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Aim. An evaluation of lifestyle changes (physical activity, diet) in patients after breast cancer surgery. Materials and method. 200 women after breast cancer surgery were surveyed. The respondents were asked whether the surgery caused a change in their diet and physical activity. An analysis was performed concerning the education, place of residence and age of the respondents. Results. Prior to being diagnosed with breast cancer, about one third of the respondents were concerned about their diet and physical activity. After the surgery more than a half of the respondents were concerned about a healthy lifestyle. Women below 50 years old with higher education, who live in a city, were concerned about their diet and physical activity both before and after surgery. Conclusions. As a result of the breast cancer surgery, lifestyle changes were most often found in women aged 50-69 years old with higher education who lived in a city. Statistical relevance of the results was noted.
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Introduction. According to the World Health Organization, non-infectious chronic diseases will become the leading cause of disability by 2020 and can be the most expensive health problem. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, smoking, poor eating habits, insufficient physical activity and the resulting overweight and obesity are among the main modifiable factors of non-infectious chronic diseases. The results of epidemiological studies indicate that the prevalence of these factors in the Polish population is constantly growing, which is associated with the dissemination of unfavorable eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Their combating and preventive and educational activities of patients in the scope of modifiable lifestyle behaviors related to lifestyle should be implemented primarily through primary care physicians. Aim. To validate the Polish language version of Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care. Material and methods. A Polish version of the questionnaire “Physician Survey of Practices on Diet, Physical Activity and Weight Control: Questionnaire on Adult Care” was created. Validation was carried out on a group of 30 primary care physicians. Results. Very good results in terms of internal coherence of the questionnaire were obtained - the Alpha-Crombach coefficient was 0.82. The level of reproducibility was established with an ICC factor, which was 0.81. Conclusions. The tested Polish version of the questionnaire can be used to conduct research among primary care physicians in Poland
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Introduction. Healthy nutrition is very important during pregnancy for both a baby and a mother. Modification of metabolic and hormonal processes i.e. metabolic programming occurs already at the prenatal stage. This process significantly affects the baby’s health and eating habits at a later age. The diet of a pregnant woman should supplement the demand for energy, nutrients, vitamins and minerals. An expecting woman needs to also avoid products that are contraindicated during this period, such as raw milk, eggs or meat. Aim. Assessment of nutritional behavior of pregnant women from the Podkarpacie province. Materials and method. 228 women living in the Podkarpackie province were enrolled in the study. Surveys were collected via the Internet. An anonymous questionnaire developed by the authors was used. Results. Women’s eating habits are primarily influenced by education. Most women had knowledge about proper nutrition and awareness of its impact on the health of the baby. A worrying fact was a very low intake of dairy products. 44% of women consumed dairy products only once a day. Fruit and vegetables consumption was also low (40% of the respondents ate only from 100 to 200 g during the day). Conclusions. Although part of the eating habits of pregnant women is correct, nutritional education should be introduced in this group, especially related to the adequate supply of dairy products, fruit and vegetables to supplement the necessary vitamins, minerals and protein.
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Health inequalities are being increasingly considered in describing population health and creating health policies. Particular emphasis is put on the so-called social inequalities, however, it is emphasized that they may also be conditioned by biological or environmental factors. The latter type of inequalities is the subject of interest in the present study. The presented research results are a part of wider diagnostic activities that were undertaken within the Onkogranty II project. They include a comparison of data on the epidemiology of cancer caused by low physical activity and poor diet in the province of Silesia and throughout the country.
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The article presented herein forms a part of the broad and rich trend of anthropological research on corporeality. The detailed problem undertaken by the author is the issue of eating disorders evinced by people with autism. Food is understood here as a broad and diverse set of practices, reactions and forms of behaviour. The topic is discussed from the perspective of an anthropologist, with reference to concrete examples derived from several sources, i.e. selected biographical/autobiographical reports concerning the question of living with autism, materials collected during field research conducted since 2013 in the “Jaś i Małgosia” Foundation in Łódź and the author’s personal contacts with people with autism spectrum disorders. The reflections focus on the influence of the senses on the autists’ consumption practices, considering that autists certainly overstep the limits of the culture of food consumption accepted in their community, undermine the normative order of this culture and develop their own eating-related forms of behaviour and rituals, which are often undesirable from the point of view of the community in general.
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The market of dietary supplements in Poland has been developing dynamically. In 2015, we spent 3.5 billion zloty on supplements. It is not totally clear what we consume, however, since approval for marketing of supplements and their sale are not controlled effectively. The laboratory research ordered by NIK proved that many of these products do not have the features that are indicated on their packages, and that some of them are harmful. NIK also observed some reprehensible practices of their producers and distributors who frequently advertise supplements as equal to medicinal products. NIK indicates that it is due to the passive attitude of state bodies, and warns that it may lead to threats to the consumers’ health or even life.
EN
Chemical analyses of historical and prehistoric bone material provide us with a complex body of knowledge in bioarcheological studies. These can be used for reconstructing diet, migration, climate changes and the weaning process. The analysis of enamel, dentin and bones allows researchers to gather data on life strategies of an individual by retrospectively tracing his ontogenetic phases. This is made possible through knowledge of the mineralization periods of permanent and deciduous teeth while simultaneously taking account of differences between enamel, dentin and bone remodelling rates, dependent on the age of the individual. Yet, the large interpretative potential of isotope analyses of bone material is severely limited by diagenesis. The accurate recording of diagenetic changes in historical human bone material is a current main trend in bioarcheological research. Today, a highly specialised set of research tools is used for verifying whether bones unearthed at archeological sites are suitable for isotope tests. Isotope determinations are pivotal in this research as reconstructions of paleodiets or migrations of our ancestors can be based only on material that has been maintained intact in sufficient proportions post mortem.
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Analizy chemiczne historycznego i przedhistorycznego materiału kostnego dostarczają kompleksowej wiedzy w badaniach bioarcheologicznych i mogą być wykorzystane do rekonstrukcji diety, migracji, zmian klimatycznych czy też procesu odstawienia od piersi. Ważnym aspektem tych badań jest możliwość uzyskania wiedzy o strategiach życiowych osobnika dzięki śledzeniu retrospektywnemu różnych jego faz ontogenetycznych. Jest to możliwe dzięki znanym okresom mineralizacji poszczególnych typów zębów stałych i mlecznych (z uwzględnieniem różnic pomiędzy szkliwem a zębiną), a także odmienności tempa remodelingu kostnego w zależności od wieku osobnika. Ponieważ duży potencjał interpretacyjny, który niosą ze sobą analizy izotopowe materiału kostnego podlega jednak znacznym ograniczeniom, związanym z nieprzewidywalną diagenezą, w badaniach wykorzystuje się specjalne metody pozwalające weryfikować pośmiertne zmiany struktury chemicznej materiału. W procedurach chemicznych analiz izotopowych efekt końcowy badań jest zawsze obarczony większymi lub mniejszymi błędami wpływającymi na ostateczny wynik. Ich źródła można przedstawić następująco: obróbka danych 10%, pomiar i kalibracja 30%, pobieranie i przygotowanie próbki 60%. Uzyskane wyniki będące efektem zmian diagenetycznych dostarczają wiedzy geochemicznej (interesującej geologów) a nie biochemicznej (interesującej antropologów), w związku z tym późniejsze próby interpretacji danych diagenetycznych nie są zasadne i nie wnoszą również żadnej istotnej wiedzy biologicznej. Dlatego gdy przedmiotem badań antropologicznych są pierwiastki i ich izotopy, niezbędna jest kompleksowa analiza materiału, uwzględniająca ocenę organicznej i nieorganicznej struktury kości i zębów.Niezbędne są również dane archeozoologiczne oraz próbki wody środowiskowej (izotopy tlenu) i skał rodzimych (izotopy strontu) w celu określenia tła archeologicznego, geofizycznego i troficznego. Należy pamiętać, że istnieje prostoliniowa dodatnia zależność pomiędzy utratą frakcji organicznej kości (% kolagenu, C/N) a stopniem jej krystalizacji (Ca/P, CI). Najlepszą strategią badawczą związaną z analizami izotopowymi jest wykorzystanie apatytów pochodzących ze szkliwa i z zębiny lub kości zawierających dużą ilość oryginalnego kolagenu. Kości pozbawione składników organicznych są bardziej narażone na pośmiertne zmiany izotopowe oraz pierwiastkowe. Należy zwrócić także uwagę, że duża zawartość struktur organicznych utrudnia pozyskiwanie fosforanów i węglanów z kości. Nie zawsze uzyskane wyniki stopnia krystaliczności kości (CI) mieszczą się w zakresie odpowiadającym współczesnym materiałom (2,5-3,3). Dla materiału archeologicznego wartości te nie powinny przekraczać CI = 3,5. Zdarza się jednak, że pomimo wyższego CI materiał jest przydatny do dalszych analiz, ponieważ np. utrata pewnej części fosforanów nie zawsze jest związana ze zmianami stosunków izotopowych tlenu. Jeżeli materiał nie wykazuje istotnej korelacji pomiędzy izotopami tlenu a wskaźnikiem CI (tak jak we współczesnych zębach i kościach), oznacza to biogenny (niezmieniony) skład izotopowy. Podsumowując należy stwierdzić, że przed biologiczną interpretacją danych uzyskanych z analiz chemicznych kości i zębów trzeba zawsze zweryfikować stopień ewentualnych zmian diagenetycznych w badanym materiale.
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Introduction: Growing population of elderly requires effective medical diagnostics and help. Criteria developed by Fried et al. are most often used for the diagnosis of the frailty syndrome. An inherent element of frailty syndrome is malnu-trition. Malnutrition results from inadequate food supply, coexistence of acute and chronic diseases. Effective nutritional interventions conducted on frail older persons can prevent them from developing the frailty syndrome. Review: The prevalence of frailty in elders is 17% moreover 42.3% are prefrail. There are many scales designed to identify frailty syndrome, but the most common is the classification of Fried et al. Malnutrition is a common state in frail elderly. Basic questionnaire, which is used to diagnose malnutrition, is MNA (Mini-Nutritional Assessment). Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) also can be used. Sarcopenia, which is defined as reduced muscle mass and strength and impaired muscle performance, significantly contribute to the development of frailty. Many studies have shown that an effective method in the preventing of sarcopenia is protein supplementation. Other beneficial lifestyle and diet changes, which can help prevent the development of frailty syndrome, are adherence to the Mediterranean diet, appro-priate intake of carotenoids, vitamin E, selenium and zinc. Another important protective factor is vitamin D levels. Low serum 25(OH)D is strongly associated with frailty. Conclusions: From a nutritional point of view adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet, sufficient intake of protein, micronutrients and vitamin D, as well as regular moderate physical activity, can be crucial in the preventing of the frailty syndrome.
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More and more people in Poland begin to check in detail what products they buy and what they con­sume every day. Some of these people are on adiet that reduces weight or try to match/plan meals to meet the needs of their body (e.g. a sports training plan). Mobile applications come to their aid, as they facilitate the above processes related to meal planning and diet. The aim of the article is to present the results of qualitative research and critical analysis of mobile applications available on the market in the field of meal planning, introducing areduction diet and maintaining it. The article also attempts to answer the following questions: What is the assessment and expectations for fitness mobile applications by users? Are meal planning and diets under the control of technology a trend or a necessity?
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In quite rapidly aging societies of developed countries many people are looking for a way to live longer and in better health. One of the ideas for the achievement of this desire is anti-aging medicine. This medicine is based on the analysis of pathophysiological and epidemiological data translating into quite radical recommendations on lifestyle, including diet. Particularly important is the positive attitude to life, the ability to avoid stress and manage affairs at one’s own pace. However, the question remains open as to whether these characteristics of current centenarians can be transferred to the next generations. Anti-aging medicine is still at a very early stage of development.
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