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Phonologie / Phonetik / Phonodidaktik – zu den Prinzipien der Ausspracheschulung aus philologischer Sicht

100%

Tworek A.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2019

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issue 16

353-363

EN

The philological pronunciation training is based on scientific knowledge from the field of phonology and phonetics, which are then worked out in the so-called phonodidactics. However, it is not uncommon for phonological approaches to be hardly applicable in foreign language didactics. In this context, the well-known theory of distinctive features is a prime example. In this article, principles are formulated that optimize the effectiveness of foreign language didactic phonetics.

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London calling (or cooling?): Feature theory, phonetic variation, and phonological change

88%

Uffmann C.

Yearbook of the Poznań Linguistic Meeting

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2021

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vol. 7

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issue 1

181-215

EN

This article looks at the ongoing merger of /uː/ or /ɔː/ before tautosyllabic /l/, that is, words like call(ing) and cool(ing) in London English, the reasons for this merger and how it can be captured formally. It argues that the merger is the end point of a chain of phonological consequences of a phonetic process, the gradient fronting of /uː/, which leads to a reorganisation of the vowel system. The merger can thus only be understood by looking at the properties of London (Cockney) phonology and ongoing changes in this system. On the theoretical level, this article argues that underspecification in feature theory is crucial to understand the interaction between phonetic variation and phonological change, arguing that the vowel shifts in London English start out as phonetic changes along dimensions that are featurally underspecified. Underspecification thus provides a crucial link between phonological categories and phonetic gradience.

3

Przypadkowe podobieństwo grafizmów osobniczych – studium przypadku

51%

Knak M.

Problemy Kryminalistyki

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2022

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issue 315

EN

In the course of their opinion-making practice, handwriting experts are bound to face an issue of similar handwriting between different individuals. As there are several types and degrees of such similarities, depending on a particular similarity degree, they may also pose a risk of error. The questioned material itself may present an additional difficulty in the examination process, especially when it is limited to a small number of distinctive features of a low identification value. This article presents a case study, in which an expert encountered a very high similarity between two random, unrelated individuals’ handwriting consisting of short forms of evidential signatures.

PL

Zdarzają się sytuacje, w których biegły w swojej praktyce opiniodawczej musi zmierzyć się z podobieństwem grafizmów różnych osób. Podobieństwa takowe, których jest kilka rodzajów, mogą mieć różny stopień i w zależności od niego mogą one stwarzać ryzyko popełnienia błędu. Dodatkowym utrudnieniem w procesie badawczym może być sam materiał kwestionowany, gdy ogranicza się on do niezbyt wielu wyznaczników dystynktywnych o niewysokiej wartości identyfikacyjnej. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje właśnie taki casus, w którym biegły spotkał się z bardzo wysoką zbieżnością grafizmów dwóch przypadkowych, niespokrewnionych osób, w odniesieniu do krótkich form podpisów dowodowych.

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Phonologie / Phonetik / Phonodidaktik – zu den Prinzipien der Ausspracheschulung aus philologischer Sicht

London calling (or cooling?): Feature theory, phonetic variation, and phonological change

Przypadkowe podobieństwo grafizmów osobniczych – studium przypadku