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EN
The article addresses the problem of diversity management. The paper presents the most important issues in this field, with particular emphasis on the problems and threats associated with implementation of the diversity management concept. It has been demonstrated that the positive aspects of diversity management can not be specified alone as both the employees’ diversity itself and the idea of managing that diversity can evoke certain controversies.
EN
In Japan, there is a famous social welfare cooperation that is called “Taiyou no ie,” Japan Sun Industries. It was originally established for disabled people in 1965 by Dr. Nakamura for their integration into society, participation in sports and coordination of self-support. It was definitely a landmark idea in rehabilitation since Japanese society is prone to collectively follow fixed ideas. Nevertheless, Dr. Nakamura tried to introduce individuality and flexibility in order to build up real self-esteem in people with disabilities. Individuality and flexibility were the main differences between the disabled and non-disabled when it comes to surviving in their difficult conditions. Dr. Nakamura was the forerunner of diversity management. After his pioneering work, there are nowadays a number of similar companies and institutions in Japan. Moreover, there are governmental support systems of employment for both the companies and the disabled. Notwithstanding, there is still stagnadtion in employment of disabled people because of insufficient mutual understanding.
EN
In management theory and business practice the dealing with a diverse workforce has played a leading role in recent years. In a globalizing economy companies recognized potential benefits of a multicultural workforce and tried to create more inclusive work environments. Unfortunately many of them have been disappointed with the results they achieved. The reason for this is that too little attention has been paid for the norms, values and behaviors involved. Given the fact that diversity is essentially about cultural norms and values, appropriate reflection work becomes a fundamental task to create a truly inclusive work environment where people coming out from diverse backgrounds feel respected and recognized. The paper focus on the challenge of building an inclusive diversity culture showing that a “culture of inclusion” has to be built on solid grounds. It shed light on the process of developing such a culture in CISCO corporation which serves as an example of a good practice in this respect.
PL
Ukształtowanie wśród pracowników postawy zaangażowania przynosi firmom korzyści związane ze wzrostem ich efektywności i innowacyjności. Jeśli chodzi o motywowanie, to kluczowym wyzwaniem staje się możliwie jak najlepsze dopasowanie stosowanych rozwiązań do potrzeb osób zatrudnionych. Uwzględnienie indywidualnych oczekiwań jest trudne do osiągnięcia w przypadku firm dużych i średnich. Łatwiejsze wydaje się stworzenie oferty instrumentów motywowania, dostosowanych do potrzeb określonych grup pracowników. Celem artykułu jest analiza (przeprowadzona na podstawie badań zrealizowanych przez Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych*) istniejących związków pomiędzy faktem przynależności do wybranej grupy osób zatrudnionych (kobiet/mężczyzn, osób w różnym wieku, mających różne wykształcenie, zatrudnionych w różnych formach, piastujących różne stanowiska, mających różny staż pracy) a preferowanymi rozwiązaniami w kształtowaniu zaangażowania.
EN
Shaping an attitude of commitment among employees brings many advantages to companies in connection with an increase in employee effectiveness and innovation. As to motivation itself, it is the matching of solutions applied to the needs of people employed that seems to be crucial. The actual taking into account of individual expectations is difficult to achieve, however, especially in big and medium–sized companies. Creating a wide gamut of motivation instruments tailored to the needs of specific groups of employees seems to be more manageable. The aim of this article was an analysis* of connections between membership in specific groups of employees—men/women, people of different age, with various educational backgrounds, employed on the basis of different contracts, holding various positions, and of different seniority—and preferred solutions in the development of commitment.
EN
Organizations today are looking for a variety of methods and actions that will allow them to gain a com- petitive advantage in a highly uncertain environment. In this context, rational and efficient use of human resources through addressing the age-related differences in needs and abilities of individuals, is gaining importance. The purpose of this article is to look at the issue of age management through the prism of obtaining organizational effectiveness. It is about conceptual tracing of the links between specific age-related measures undertaken by companies towards employees and operational as well as strategic effectiveness obtained as a result. The research method used here is the theoretical analysis of literature on the subject. The article is an attempt to compile the above-mentioned elements i.e. age management and organizational effectiveness into a coherent and bringing the intended results total.
EN
The purpose of this article is to review the subject literature as regards the predicted challenges being faced now or in the near future by organisations in the area of diversity management. First, the author overviews the definitions of diversity and diversity management., then presents the undertaken actions that make the diversity management possible from the human resources management perspective. The theoretical study considers the terminology connected with diversity management and proposes improving solutions with respect to selected sub-functions of managing diversified employees.
EN
Diversity management becomes more and more popular as a factor of the enterprise competitiveness’ increase. Diversity is present at any enterprise indeed, apart from its trade subordination or history. You can accomplish significant economic and social gains and make enterprise more successful - if you use and develop the diversity of its personnel. Purpose. This paper’s purpose is to determine the special role of diversity management in educational institutions and to work out the hypothesis of potential impact of diversity management in education in the state security. Methods. The following methods have been used in the paper: critical analysis of scientific sources and results of practical experience, structural-functional analysis, modeling, systematization (for the analysis of existing definitions of the "state security" concept), generalization. The statistical results of an empirical research of the inclusive environment management of educational institutions have been analyzed. Results. The countries of the post-Soviet space successfully adopt Western experience of diversity management, in particular, in educational institutions, - and it has become a common thing. Educational institutions in this aspect play a special role, because they function as a factor of social capital and future generation formation. They create a base for development of plenty of the organizations with diversity management, that will result in occurrence of more competitive organizations and improvement of labor quality. However, more global aspects of this problem have not been investigated enough. If enterprises with diversity management are more successful and competitive, than longer will such enterprises exist, more stable and successful the state as a whole will be. This possible influence of educational institutions’ diversity management on state security has not been analyzed enough.
EN
This article presents selected results from a survey conducted in 2014 and 2015 in the Province of Opole, among 263 entrepreneurs representing companies from different sectors which varied due to the number of employees and the labour market segment. Organisations with experience in employing a foreign workforce as well as those who had not previously employed foreigners were asked about their willingness to engage a foreign workforce. The analysis was made taking into account the labour market segment. Majority of respondents claimed that the country of origin of the foreign workforce is irrelevant. Such attitude was more frequent among entrepreneurs with experience in hiring foreigners than among those who have not yet taken on foreign labour. Entrepreneurs, especially those employing foreigners during the study, tended to view foreigners as more available and more willing to work overtime, hence ‘better’ then Polish employees. Interestingly, among respondents representing the secondary labour market, the opinion that foreigners are ‘better’ employees was more common than in the group representing the primary labour market.
EN
In today’s organizations, the degree of generational diversity increases among employees, moreover the age difference between employees will further increase due to legal changes in the field of pension rights. The issue of age management becomes more crucial and it is important to see it as a comprehensive issue not only in the particular age group. Discrimination based on age is a common problem in the organization. In the media and among public opinion exist stereotypes about certain generations on the labor market, which can lead to unfair generalizations. Not only the elderly, but also young people are becoming a minority in organizations. The key to understand the reasons for potential conflicts is to focus on a greater role of perceived generational differences rather than the actual.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia podstawowe zagadnienia związane z realizacją zasady elastycznego zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi. Elastyczne zarządzanie to optymalne wykorzystanie różnorodności zasobów, obejmuje takie aspekty, jak wykorzystanie różnic w zakresie cech podmiotowych pracowników (cechy intelektu, osobowości, temperamentu), zarządzanie kompetencjami, zarządzanie wiekiem i pokoleniami oraz zarządzanie różnorodnością kulturową. Przytoczono dotychczasowe doświadczenia oraz analizy popełnianych błędów dotyczące tradycyjnych obszarów zarządzania różnorodnością, takich jak dobór pracowników oraz zarządzanie wiekiem. Szczególną uwagę skoncentrowano na omówieniu problematyki różnorodności kulturowej (program GLOBE) oraz różnorodności pokoleniowej we współczesnych organizacjach. Po prezentacji aktualnych wyników badań dotyczących wyznaczników elastycznego zarządzania sformułowano uwagi wdrożeniowe dotyczące realizacji zasady elastycznego zarządzania różnorodnością jako warunku osiągania przez organizację jej misji i celów strategicznych.
EN
The author discusses the basic aspects related to executing the rule of flexible human resources management. Flexible management means the optimal use of the variety of resources and includes such aspects as the use of diversity as to the employees personal characteristics (intelligence, personality, temper), managing the competences, age, generation and the cultural diversity. In the article, the experiences and the analysis of the mistakes related to common areas of managing the variety such as selection of the employees and age management were addressed. The focus was placed mainly on discussing the concept of the cultural diversity (GLOBE programme) as well as the generation diversity in modern organizations. After the current research results as to the indicators of the flexible management had been presented, the implementation remarks referring to executing the rules of the flexible diversity management were formulated being the condition for the organization to achieve its mission and strategic objectives.
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Programy praca-życie w zarządzaniu różnorodnością

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PL
Treści zawarte w artykule należy traktować jako wprowadzenie do zarządzania różnorodnością w przedsiębiorstwach. W publikacji skupiono się na programach praca-życie, które skierowane są do pracowników i ich rodzin, aby pomóc im godzić obowiązki zawodowe z życiem osobistym. Za studium przypadku posłużyło przedsiębiorstwo branży hutniczej.
EN
he article is introduction to diversity management in enterprises. In the article work-life programs were characterized. The programs help employees to realize work tasks in relation to private life. The case study was used the metallurgical company.
PL
Zarządzanie różnorodnością stanowi obecnie najwyższe stadium rozwoju funkcji personalnej. Z uwagi na coraz większą liczbę przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych, w których praca wykonywana jest w zespołach złożonych z przedstawicielu wielu narodowości, istotnym zagadnieniem jest jeden z aspektów zarządzania różnorodnością (diversity management) – zarządzanie różnorodnością kulturową (cultural diversity management). W zespołach heterogenicznych kulturowo zauważa się pozytywny potencjał kreowany przez ich różnorodność, jednak wciąż jest jeszcze wiele ograniczeń na poziomie jednostki, zespołu i całej organizacji, które uniemożliwiają osiągnięcie wielu strategicznych zamierzeń. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest opisanie wspomnianych barier na podstawie przeprowadzonego case study oraz rekomendacja rozwiązań niwelujących wskazane ograniczenia.
EN
Diversity management is currently the highest stage in the development of the human resource function. In light of the development of multinational corporations, where work is performed in teams made up of representatives of many nationalities, one of the aspects of diversity management is managing cultural diversity. In culturally heterogeneous teams, there is a positive creative potential, but many limitations remain at the individual, group, and entire organization levels that prevent the attaining of many strategic goals. The aim of this article is to highlight these barriers using a case study as the basis and to recommend solutions to address the indicated constraints.
PL
U podstaw zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim (HRM) leży przekonanie, iż pracownicy stanowią najcenniejszy zasób przedsiębiorstwa. Umiejętne nim zarządzanie może wpływać na efektywność organizacji i jej pozycję konkurencyjną. O skuteczności stosowanych narzędzi HRM może decydować stopień ich dostosowania do indywidualnych potrzeb zatrudnionych przy jednoczesnym braniu pod uwagę oczekiwań organizacji. Podejście takie wymaga podjęcia działań służących zwiększeniu elastyczności systemu HRM. Stworzenie rozwiązań dedykowanych każdemu pracownikowi z osobna jest niemal niemożliwe. Z tego powodu organizacje starają się kierować swą ofertę nie do poszczególnych osób, a do ich różnych grup. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja wniosków płynących z analizy danych zastanych oraz badań empirycznych dotyczących praktyk stosowanych przez polskie przedsiębiorstwa w zakresie budowania zaangażowania pracowników z uwzględnieniem zarządzania różnorodnością.
EN
At the core of Human Resource Management (HRM) is the belief that employees are the company’s most valuable asset. Skillful management of this resource can affect the efficiency of the organization and its competitive position. The effectiveness of the tools used by HRM can be largely determined by the degree of their adaptation to the individual needs of employees while taking into account the expectations of the organization. This approach requires a more flexible system of HRM. However, creating solutions dedicated to each employee individually is almost impossible. That is why organizations try to address its offer not to individuals but to various groups of employees. The purpose of this article is to present the conclusions of desk research and empirical research on the practices used by Polish companies in the building of the involvement of employees through diversity management.
PL
Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ustalenie stanu wdrożenia zarządzania różnorodnością w przedsiębiorstwach – finalistach konkursu „Lider Zarządzania Zasobami Ludzkimi”, biorących udział w panelu eksperckim poświęconym zarządzaniu różnorodnością, zidentyfikowanie obszarów zarządzania różnorodnością oraz specyfiki zarządzania różnorodnością w prezentowanych organizacjach. Materiał empiryczny zawarty w niniejszym artykule zgromadzony został za pomocą jakościowej analizy treści panelu eksperckiego oraz analizy dokumentów i wyników ankiety konkursowej, a także raportów z audytów przeprowadzonych w ramach procedury konkursowej ,,Lider Zarządzania Zasobami Ludzkimi”.
EN
The aim of this study is to determine the state of implementation of diversity management in companies that are finalists in the Human Resource Management Leader Competition and participants in a panel of experts devoted to diversity management, as well as the identification of areas of diversity management and the specifics of diversity management in the presented organizations. Empirical materials contained in this article were collected using qualitative analyses of the results of the panel of experts as well as an analysis of documents and competition questionnaire results, including audit reports stemming from Human Resource Management Leader Competition procedures.
PL
Różnorodność zasobów ludzkich organizacji nie jest kategorią nową, choć współcześnie kwestia zarządzania uwzględniającego paradygmat różnorodności zasobów ludzkich nabiera większego znaczenia przynajmniej z trzech powodów. Pierwszy – to procesy internacjonalizacji czy wręcz integracji międzynarodowej przyczy¬niającej się do zwiększonej mobilności ludzi. W szerszym kontekście to procesy globalizacji prowadzące do współpracy ludzi nie tylko z różnych krajów, ale wręcz różnych kontynentów, co powoduje m.in. wzrost liczby wymiarów różnorodności (Habgood, 2012). Drugi – to profesjonalizacja funkcji personalnej, w szczególno¬ści w modelu zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, wymagająca dla swej skuteczności odpowiedniego uwzględniania w zasadach, celach, metodach czy procedurach coraz szerszego zakresu cech człowieka, a także zespołu pracowników czy wręcz osób współdziałających (dostawcy, klienci). Trzeci powód wzrostu znaczenia zarządzania różnorodnością pracowników to rozwój nowoczesnych form współ¬działania czy kooperacji w procesach produkcji i świadczenia usług (np. elastyczne formy zatrudnienia, wirtualność, sieciowość struktur). Celem artykułu jest analiza rozwoju koncepcji zarządzania różnorodnością zasobów ludzkich w organizacji jako jednego z obszarów zarządzania. Przedstawiono czynniki, które brane są pod uwagę przy decyzji wprowadzenia paradygmatu różnorodności do ZZL, oraz opisano trzy modele zarządzania różnorodnością zasobów ludzkich. Podstawą opracowania jest krytyczna analiza literatury przedmiotu oraz opisy praktyk zarzą¬dzania różnorodnością w organizacji. Przedstawione rozważania mogą stanowić ramę metodyczną dla opracowania strategii i programów ZZL w organizacjach przyjmujących różnorodność jako jedną z wartości organizacyjnych.
EN
Human resource diversity in the organization is not a new notion. However, current questions of management that take into account the paradigm of human resource diversity are presently growing in importance for at least three reasons. The first involves processes of internationalization or even international integration leading to increased mobility. In a broader context, this is a matter of advancing globalization fostering the cooperation of people who not only live in different countries, but even on different continents, thus adding new dimensions to diversity (Habgood, 2012). The second reason is the professionalization of the personnel function, particularly within the HRM model. This requires the taking into account of a growing number of characteristics encompassing individuals, worker teams, and partners (suppliers, customers) in its rules, objectives, and procedures in order to be effective. The third reason has to do with the development of modern forms of interaction and cooperation in production and service delivery processes—e.g., flexible work arrangements, virtuality, and network structures. The objective of this article is a presentation of an analysis of human resource diversity management in the organization as one of the aspects of organizational diversity management. It presents factors that are taken into account in decision relating to the introduction of the diversity paradigm in HRM and identifies three models of human diversity management. The article is based on a critical review of pertinent literature and on the descriptions of organizational diversity management practices. The presented solution may serve as a framework for methods for developing HRM strategies and programs in organizations that assume diversity to be an organizational value.
EN
The article refers to the problemacy of international labour mobility seen as a response to many changes in political as well as in economical and social development in Europe in the last decade. In the first part of the article there is a short summary of the mentioned development in the area of immigration and labour mobility in Europe. The second part of the article deals with diversity in general and with managing of diversity in particular, there are some practical examples of possible problems as well. The last part of the article offers some suggestions for successful implementation of diversity management in enterprises.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the potential opportunities for Polish companies offered by the concept of diversity management in the context of the observed migration. The first part of the article contains a brief description of migration analyzed from the perspective of human capital. The second part presents the size and structure of the immigrants providing their services on the Polish labour market. While the final part contains the potential benefits for Polish companies due to the effective use of immigrants human capital.
PL
Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie potencjalnych możliwości, jakie dla polskich przedsiębiorstw stwarza koncepcja zarządzania różnorodnością w kontekście obserwowanych ruchów migracyjnych. Pierwsza część artykułu zawiera krótką charakterystykę ruchów migracyjnych analizowanych przez pryzmat kapitału ludzkiego. W drugiej części omówiona została liczebność oraz struktura imigrantów świadczących swoje usługi na polskim rynku pracy. W ostatniej części artykułu zaprezentowano potencjalne korzyści, jakie mogą osiągnąć polskie przedsiębiorstwa w przypadku efektywnego wykorzystania kapitału ludzkiego imigrantów dostępnych na polskim rynku pracy.
EN
Demographic changes taking place in the world and in Poland can potentially affect many aspects of organization management. The changing labor market is one of the significant challenges that today’s organizations face today. The aim of the article is to present the premises for implementing the concept of diversity management in Polish organizations. Three reasons were analyzed, which serve as conditions for taking into account the diversity management policy in the organization, namely: 1) demographic change (aging workforce), 2) the need to know the needs of various social groups in the organization, 3) the benefits of diversity.
PL
Zmiany demograficzne zachodzące na świecie i w Polsce mogą potencjalnie wpłynąć na wiele aspektów zarządzania organizacjami. Zmieniający się rynek pracy to jedno ze znaczących wyzwań, przed jakimi stoją dzisiaj współczesne organizacje. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przesłanek wdrożenia koncepcji zarządzania różnorodnością w polskich organizacjach. Poddano analizie trzy powody, które służą jako przesłanki uwzględnienia polityki zarządzania różnorodnością w organizacji, a mianowicie: 1) zmiany demograficzne (starzejąca się siła robocza), 2) konieczność znajomości potrzeb różnych grup społecznych w organizacji, 3) korzyści wynikające z różnorodności.
EN
During the first (spring 2020) and second wave (autumn 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic, Poland was among the countries with the strictest regulation, lockdown, and national quarantine. The pandemic has significantly influenced the situation of enterprises, especially for immigrants. The main aim and contribution of this paper is the analysis of the immigrant’s situation during the pandemic from the perspective of companies. The research goal is the identification of strategies adopted by the firms employing immigrants, so as to providing additional help to their foreign workforce during the pandemic. For the purpose of this research, a multilevel model of the triangulation design was chosen. The qualitative research included seven in-depth-interviews with purposefully selected enterprises. The quantitative study was conducted on a sample of n=894 employers. For the purpose of the second round of research, 17 interviews with companies employing immigrants were conducted. The research showed that during the first wave of the pandemic, employers most often terminated employment with immigrants, which, however, in some cases, was the initiative of the immigrant. Some firms recognizing special needs of their foreign workforce developed strategies that manifested themselves in offering additional help to their foreign workers. The paper contributes to the literature on the situation of immigrants in terms of special treatments of immigrants as vulnerable workers and the knowledge of strategies enterprises adopted in order to help their foreign workforce during the pandemic by presenting the perspective of employers.
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EN
The processes of undergoing in aging socjety mean also aging of workers. The figure of more and more elderly people employed will be reflected in a modified organizational culture. Organizational culture defined as a set of a pattern of shared basic assumptions learned by a group as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration (...) A product of joint learning (E.Schein) is both stim- ulated by the management and spontaneously created by the subordinates. The author presents the outline of problems associated with changes within the organizational culture triggered by aging of employees with special attention to the need of recognizing new rules of integration such workers and adaptation of ‘aging’ organizations to various branches or actors of surrounding.
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