O tym że Związek Strzelecki odgrywał szczególną rolę w systemie bezpieczeństwa II Rzeczypospolitej nie trzeba przekonywać. Ta utworzona na nowo w 1919 r. młodzieżowa organizacja paramilitarna prowadziła konsekwentnie przysposobienie wojskowe przez cały okres swojego funkcjonowania, wyróżniając się pod tym względem spośród innych organizacji społecznych. Nieprzerwanie utrzymywała relacje z wojskiem, a jej struktura była sprzężona z Państwowym Urzędem Wychowania Fizycznego i Przysposobienia Wojskowego. Poprzez stale rozszerzający się zakres swojej działalności propagandowej, szkoleniowej i wychowawczej ZS realizował politykę bezpieczeństwa państwa, pełniąc de facto funkcję gwardii narodowej. Struktury „Strzelca” rozwijały się niemal we wszystkich częściach kraju, a liczbę jego członków szacuje się na ok. 500 tys. w 1939 r...
Currently judgment on the authenticity and reliability of records is not one of the tasks of the archives. However, such judgment constituted one of the main tasks of the former chancelleries. So if the Central Archives of the Kingdom of Poland acted in this area in the 19th century it was done as a continuator of the pre– partitions crown chancellery. Author based his analysis of the title phenomenon on the examination of documents executed by the Central Archives, and preserved as a correspondence from the Commission for Governmental Justice [Komisja Rządowej Sprawiedliwości] in Warsaw with the Secretariat of State of the Polish Kingdom [Sekretariat Stanu Królestwa Polskiego] in St. Petersburg. Opinions on the authenticity and reliability of documents were needed by the central offices of the Russian Empire which were located in St. Petersburg, in the cases studied in this article: Ministry of Justice or Department of Heraldry of the Ruling Senate [Departament Heroldii Senatu Rządzącego]. Secretariat of State acted as a go–between. Legal and political system required this kind of mediation but this lengthened significantly the time of doing things. Only about 20% of the time took appropriate consideration of the merits of a matter or archival query, the remaining time took translation of documents from Russian to Polish and vice versa, and transfer them between offices. Studying records of Secretariat of State of the Polish Kingdom author came across a trail of 43 records examinated by the Central Archives of the Kingdom. 5 out of these records were from the 16th century, 10 from the 17th century and 28 from the 18th century. Documents were usually issued by Kings of Poland (39 documents - 91%). It is striking that very often apparently erroneous, documents were directed to the Central Archives, although they could be checked at the Lithuanian Metrica (Acta Magni Ducatus Lithuaniae) stored in St. Petersburg. However, detailed and thorough analysis of the official correspondence leads to the conclusion that more important than finding of the paper at the Crown Register (Metrica Regni Poloniae) was to obtain the opinion on the original from experts working at the Central Archives, regardless whether it was a document of the Crown or Lithuanian and whether it concerned of the Polish Kingdom, or territories annexed to the Russian Empire.
The work presents the description of the documents-annexes to the register books connected with the documentation kept by the church offices of the Roman Catholic parishes from Russocice, Wyszyna, Turek, Koło, Brudzew and some others from this part of the diocese of Wrocław; and from the Evangelical-Augsburg parish in Władysławowo. The analysed documents are probably the remnants of the bigger collections which were damaged during the Second World War. These sources can be useful for further research on families, the etymology of names, social background, migration of the inhabitants of Eastern Great Poland. In the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century legislation on this issue said that a priest who was in charge of a parish was obliged to keep register office records. He was the person who was supposed to produce a marriage record before administering the sacrament of marriage. The four discovered sources which came under scrutiny in this article contain the documents of the people from a few nearby parishes who wanted to enter into matrimony. In the above mentioned sources there is information about social background of the couples, their birth and baptism dates, reading of the banns and marriage dates. In addition, these documents carry the municipal and church seals, and revenue stamps in Russian currency. This work also presents the fragments of the documents as sources for analyzing office practice and as encouragement to further research on family formation in this part of Eastern Great Poland.
Records of doctoral proceedings of the Faculty of Historical and Social Studies contained in the archive of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University include not only the opened and completed doctoral proceedings of the faculty but also the records of recognition of doctoral degrees granted by foreign academic institutions. There are in total 89 archived units. There are supplemented by doctoral proceedings, which were opened but not completed for a variety of reasons - 6 units. Together they span the years 1973 to 1999. The complete documentation can be seen in Table 1. The records hare been filed according to their signatures following the rearrangement and cataloguing of the archive. They are therefore filed chronologically. The Table shows the main elements of the doctoral proceedings: - the signed records, - doctorant’s name, - thesis title, - number of pages in each volume of the thesis, - the discipline in which the doctorate was awarded, - the supervisor’s name, - the names of the reviewers, - commencement of the proceedings, - the date of the examination, - the date of the Faculty Board’s decision to award the degree, - the date and number of the doctoral certificate. The information in this article is primarily intended for those researching the history and studies carried out in the faculty.
Archive material of church provenance is stored, among others, in Polish state archives. Large collection of visitations are in state archives in Lublin, Przemyśl and the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw. A large collection of Uniate visitations (Greek Catholic) stored in the State Archive of Lublin is in the fonds of Greek Catholic Consistory of Chełm (1596-1875). The fond includes directives of Uniate Bishops of Chełm on how to conduct visitations, general visitation of the diocese, visitations of deaneries and individual Uniate churches from the Diocese of Chełm (1715-1815, 1869-1870), Włodzimierz (1725-1727, 1757, 1774-1801), [Polish] Połock (1789-1790) and the Deanery of Bóbrka in the Diocese of Lviv from 1764. Historical Archive of the Orthodox and later Greek Catholic Bishopric of Przemyśl from the years 1291-1946 (the fond of the Archive of Greek Catholic Bishopric of Przemyśl) is in the State Archive in Przemyśl. There are visitations of 49 deaneries (1738-1939) and individual Uniate churches (1753-1912) from the Uniate Diocese of Przemyśl. In addition, the State Archive in Przemyśl (the fond of the Seniority of Central Galicia in Brygidau) includes visitation protocols of churches and evangelical schools from the years 1903-1910. Visitations of Roman Catholic churches and monasteries are also stored in the Central Archives of Historical Records (in the fonds of the Central Religious Authorities of Kingdom of Poland). This archive also includes the visitations of the Collegiate of Łęczyca (1810-1811), the monastery of Canons Regular in Warsaw (1767–1816), the general visitation of the Archdiocese of Warsaw (1859-1860) and visitations of the Augustian monasteries in Ciechanów, Kraków, Krasnystaw, Książ Wielki, Lublin, Orchówek, Rawa, Warsaw and Wieluń (1841-1863); and in the fond of the Orthodox Consistory of Warsaw there is a fragment of the visitation of the Orthodox Eparchy of Warsaw from 1908.
In his paper the author reflects on human dignity in the context of the right to religious freedom. First, he analyses the concept of fundamental human rights reaching back to ancient times, and then he discusses the concept of human dignity. He presents the concept of dignity in the teaching of the Catholic Church and in documents of secular law, among others, in the documents of international law, European law, the Polish Concordat, and the Polish Constitution. The author argues that inherent human dignity is the basis to guarantee freedom of conscience and religion. For that reason neither the State nor the churches, including the Catholic Church, can restrict this freedom, because it does not come from them.
PL
Autor w swoim artykule uzasadnia, że gwarancje wolności sumienia i religii otrzymały ochronę prawną, w aktach prawa międzynarodowego i w konstytucjach poszczególnych państw, jako pierwsze z grupy podstawowych praw człowieka. Podstawą tych gwarancji jest przyrodzona godność ludzka. W Polsce wolność religijna w zakresie podmiotowym i przedmiotowym jest regulowana przede wszystkim w Konstytucji RP, która jest najwyższym aktem prawnym. Z jej postanowień wynika, że umowy międzynarodowe ratyfikowane przez Polskę, ustawy oraz inne akty prawne muszą być zgodne z konstytucyjną zasadą ochrony wolności sumienia i religii. Konstytucyjna ochrona tej wolności wiąże nie tylko organy państwa, ale wszystkich obywateli, a także kościoły i związki wyznaniowe. Należy dodać, że w tej sprawie przepisy Konstytucji RP i Kościoła katolickiego są zgodne. Sfera sumienia i religii jest obszarem przeżyć wewnętrznych człowieka i dotyczy jego osobistych poglądów i jego wolności. Zarówno państwo jak i Kościół nie mogą ograniczać tej wolności, ponieważ ona nie pochodzi od tych instytucji. Źródłem wolności sumienia i religii jest przyrodzona i niezbywalna godność człowieka.
Tekst dotyczy archiwum Jerzego Turonka zdeponowanego w zbiorach Białoruskiego Państwowego Archiwum Muzeum Literatury i Sztuki w Mińsku (BDAMLiM). Na zespół Turonka składa się wiele dokumentów biograficznych, rękopisów i maszynopisów prac autora, zdjęcia i korespondencja z dziesiątkami osób z różnych krajów. Ogromną część zespołu archiwalnego stanowią dokumenty zebrane przez historyka w trakcie badań. Są to m.in. materiały ze zbiorów Mariana Pieciukiewicza, Viery Muraški i innych. Pierwsza część tego archiwum trafiła do Mińska na początku lat 90. XX wieku, pozostałe zaś zostały przekazane niedawno. Proces przekazania trwa do dziś. Dzięki J. Turonkowi do zbiorów BDAMLiM trafiło wiele rzadkich książek i czasopism.
EN
The text is about historian Jerzy Turonek’s archival fond in Belarusian State Archives- Museum of Literature and Art in Minsk. There are a lot of biographical documents, manuscripts and typescripts of Jerzy Turonek works, photos and correspondence with tens people in diff erent countries. The great part of this archival fond are documents collected by historian to his works from personal collections of Marian Pieciukiewicz, Viera Muraška and others. First parts of these documents were moved in Minsk in early 1990s and last ones are transferring until nowadays. Also thanks to Jerzy Turonek a lot of rare books and periodicals were kept by BSAMLA.
Przechowywane w Archiwum Głównym Akt Dawnych tomy 183 i 186 Metryki Koronnej zawierają wpisy dokumentów wystawionych z formułą relacyjną kanclerza Piotra Gembickiego. W księdze nr 183 są wpisy 142 dokumentów wystawionych w 1638 r., natomiast w księdze nr 186 znajduje się 496 wpisów dokumentów wystawionych od 28 stycznia 1639 r. do 11 grudnia 1641 r. Dokumenty zarejestrowane w tych księgach nie stanowią jednak kompletu wszystkich wystawionych przez królewską kancelarię w tym czasie. Aż 2/3 wpisów znajdujących się w obu księgach dotyczy nadań i zezwolenia na obrót królewszczyznami. Dalsze 16% wpisów to nadania urzędów i innych funkcji (np. serwitora królewskiego), a także włączenia wybranych osób do grona dworzan królewskich. Kolejne 13% wpisów dotyczy różnorodnych nadań królewskich, np. dla miast należących do magnatów bądź dostojników kościelnych. Pozostała niewielka liczba wpisów, to oblaty i potwierdzenia transakcji (np. kupna-sprzedaży dóbr między mieszczanami oraz instytucjami kościelnymi), potwierdzenia dawnych przywilejów królewskich wydanych dla miast, cechów rzemieślniczych, klasztorów, profesorów Uniwersytetu Krakowskiego itp. Wśród odbiorców dokumentów królewskich zarejestrowanych w księgach nr 183 i 186 Metryki Koronnej przeważają liczebnie przedstawiciele szlachty i magnaterii. Ważną grupą odbiorców dokumentów królewskich były też miasta królewskie i prywatne oraz cechy rzemieślnicze, a także instytucje kościelne i duchowni. Odbiorcami zaledwie pojedynczych dokumentów byli chłopi (włościanie).
EN
Volumes 183 and 186 of the Crown Metrica, preserved in the Central Archives of Historical Records, contain entries of documents issued under chancellory control of Piotr Gembicki. Volume No. 183 contains entries of 142 documents issued in 1638, and volume No. 186 contains 496 entries of documents issued between 28 January 1639 and 11 December 1641. Documents listed in these volumes, however, do not constitute a complete list of all documents issued by the royal chancery in that period. As much as 2/3 of entries in both books pertain to endowments and permits for sale of crown lands. Further 16% of entries are appointments to offices and other functions (e.g. royal appointments for tradesmen), as well as including selected persons in the group of royal courtiers. 13% of entries pertain to various royal endowments, e.g. for towns belonging to magnates or Church dignitaries. The remaining small number of entries are oblata and confirmations of transactions (e.g. purchase/sale of goods between burghers and Church institutions), confirmations of previous royal privileges granted to towns, guilds of artisans, monasteries, professors of Kraków University, etc. In terms of numbers, most recipients of royal documents registered in Crown Metrica volumes 183 and 186 are nobles and magnates. Another important group of recipients of royal documents were also royal and private towns and guilds of artisans, as well as Church institutions and members of the clergy. There are only a few isolated cases of documents issued to peasants
In the article the certificate of Jan Norwid and Ludwika Rembielińska’s marriage is cited, which has not been known up till now, and owing to which a few details in the biography of Cyprian Norwid’s father have been established.