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O duchu narodów- biblijne wskazówki dotyczące budowy siły narodowej

100%

Wilczyński P. L.

Przegląd Geopolityczny

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2020

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vol. 31

35-57

PL

Największy bestseller świata, Biblia, zwana także Księgą Życia, chociaż powstała w starożytności, zawiera odpowiedzi na wiele pytań nurtujących współczesne społeczeństwa. Jako podstawa wielu wyznań, w całości bądź częściowo, z dodanymi apokryfami lub bez nich, stanowi wciąż niewyczerpane źródło poznania. Można w niej także znaleźć treści istotne z geopolitycznego punktu widzenia. Celem artykułu jest dostarczenie, w oparciu o wersety biblijne, odpowiedzi na pytania związane z istnieniem narodów i budową siły narodowej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na powtarzający się w Biblii motyw ducha narodu, co odpowiada współczesnemu wyrażeniu tożsamości narodowej, a także na problemy kierowania, lub zarządzania narodami. W pierwszych dwóch częściach zawarto biblijne przestrogi i wskazówki dotyczące budowy siły narodowej, a trzecia poświęcona jest duchowi narodowemu. Artykuł odkrywa szereg tajemnic, które dla osób nie studiujących Pisma Świętego pozostają niedostępne.

EN

The world's largest bestseller, the Bible, also called the Book of Life, although it was created in ancient times, contains answers to many questions bothering modern societies. As one of the foundations of many denominations, in whole or in part, with or without added apocrypha, it is still an inexhaustible source of useful knowledge. It also contains content that is geopolitically relevant. The purpose of the article is to provide, based on Bible verses, answers to questions related to the existence of nations and the building of national power. Particular attention was paid to the recurring theme of the nation's spirit in the Bible, which corresponds to the modern expression of national identity, as well as to the problems of managing nations. The first two parts contain biblical cautions and guidelines for building national power, and the third is devoted to the national spirit. The article reveals a number of secrets that remain inaccessible to people who do not study the Bible.

2

Dyskurs historiograficzny, historiozoficzny i pedagogiczny o charakterze narodowym Polaków z przełomu XIX i XX w.

80%

Jakubiak K.

Podstawy Edukacji

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2020

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vol. 13

207-215

EN

The issues of mentality and characteristics of the national character were raised in the literature, mainly in the historical and political journalism of modern times. A significant feature of Polish historiography and historiosophy of the 19th and early 20th centuries was the discussion on the Polish national character. The diagnoses of their national character, most often unfavorable for Poles, formulated at that time, were intended to inspire the desired and expected educational mission in this field. The path to eradicating national defects was to lead from self-knowledge to individual and social improvement.

PL

Zagadnienia mentalności i właściwości charakteru narodowego aktualne były w piśmiennictwie, głównie w publicystyce historycznej i politycznej czasów nowożytnych. Istotną cechą polskiej historiografii i historiozofii XIX i początków XX w. była dyskusja o polskim charakterze narodowym. Formułowane wówczas, najczęściej niekorzystne dla Polaków, diagnozy ich charakteru narodowego, miały na celu inspirowania pożądanej i oczekiwanej w tej dziedzinie misji wychowawczej. Droga do wykorzenienia wad narodowych miała prowadzić od ich samopoznania do doskonalenia jednostkowego i społecznego.

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Rola Kościoła katolickiego oraz polonijnych organizacji w USA w kształtowaniu świadomości narodowej młodego pokolenia Polaków

61%

Gołębiewski W. W.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2018

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vol. 27

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issue 4

45-62

EN

A national spirit derives directly from a sense of national identity, a sense of having a common language, culture, traditions and history. A national spirit also encompasses religious values as in this case the Roman Catholic Church. This religion is the very foundation of the national identity as it identifies the beginning of the Polish nation in 966 AD and has remained the common thread throughout the last 1050 years of our history. Over this millennium the nation has been exposed to numerous challenges but three national characteristics seem to dominate throughout – democratic governance, national hospitality to strangers and a respect for the deceased. National identity, as opposed to the national spirit, is rooted more in current cultural interpretations and is subject to manipulation by such factors as cultural trends, current governments or external pressures from abroad. Three distinct periods can be recognized in the development of the national spirit in the last 100 years. In 1914–1944 there was the rush to statehood, a brief independence and defeat at the hands of our two neighbors. In 1944–1989, the Polish People’s Republic era, Soviet dominated government unrepresentative of its people and actively fighting against the national spirit, for example the Catholic religion. 1989–2017 mark a new era with governments preoccupied with a rush to globalization and integration into supranational structures such as the global markets and the European Union, actively suppressing many national characteristics in order to be more global in its image and acceptance. The role of the Catholic Church and institutions in the USA was fundamental in maintaining that national spirit, especially in the first two periods. Great Poles such as Jan Ignacy Paderewski were instrumental in returning Poland onto the world map but also the Catholic Church helped in spreading the message resulting in huge rush to the ranks of Polish volunteers, which then were able to defend the new nation against Bolshevik aggression in 1919/1920. During the second period the Catholic Church was instrumental in stressing the milestone of 1966, when Poland was celebrating a millennium of her nationhood. The communist authorities were celebrating statehood trying desperately to separate this momentous occasion from any role of the Catholic Church in its creation. It was the message of Poland and US based Polish clergy such as Cardinal Wyszynski and bishop J. Krol that stressed that it was the Roman Catholic religion that created the nation and later the state and its absolutely fundamental role. That message was then taken up by the first Polish Pope, John Paul II, who visited the USA seven times. In conclusion the role of the Catholic Church now is to preserve the national spirit when it is challenged with new ideas such as globalization and multiculturalism. Religion is progressively seen and propagated by the new social media platforms as a brake on progress of humanity and needs to be discouraged whenever possible. Poles as a nation still retain our identity and God, Honor and Fatherland are our signpost for the future.

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1 Podstawy Edukacji

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2 2020

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1 Gołębiewski W. W.

1 Jakubiak K.

1 Wilczyński P. L.

O duchu narodów- biblijne wskazówki dotyczące budowy siły narodowej

Dyskurs historiograficzny, historiozoficzny i pedagogiczny o charakterze narodowym Polaków z przełomu XIX i XX w.

Rola Kościoła katolickiego oraz polonijnych organizacji w USA w kształtowaniu świadomości narodowej młodego pokolenia Polaków