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1

The Study of Language and Conversation with Recurrence Analysis Methods

100%
Leonardi G.
Psychology of Language and Communication
|
2012
|
vol. 16
|
issue 2
165-183
EN
In the last decade we witness an increase in approaching issues in language, and more generally, cognition, from a dynamical standpoint. This theoretical shift necessitates new research methods and statistical / analytical tools. Some of these tools gain popularity and are being applied to language in many of its multifaceted perspectives. Recurrence analysis is one of those methods. Its relative simplicity of application and quite unconstrained statistical assumptions give researchers an insight into the dynamical nature of the phenomena under scrutiny. The aim of this paper is an introduction to this method, a review of its convincing applications in the language research on several levels of language analysis and finally, a reflection on its possible further uses.
2
Content available remote

Emergence in Dynamical Systems

100%
Collier J.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
|
2013
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issue 24
17 - 42
EN
Emergence is a term used in many contexts in current science; it has become fashionable. It has a traditional usage in philosophy that started in 1875 and was expanded by J. S. Mill (earlier, under a different term) and C. D. Broad. It is this form of emergence that I am concerned with here. I distinguish it from uses like ‘computational emergence,’ which can be reduced to combinations of program steps, or its application to merely surprising new features that appear in complex combinations of parts. I will be concerned specifically with ontological emergence that has the logical properties required by Mill and Broad (though there might be some quibbling about the details of their views). I restrict myself to dynamical systems that are embodied in processes. Everything that we can interact with through sensation or action is either dynamical or can be understood in dynamical terms, so this covers all comprehensible forms of emergence in the strong (nonreducible) sense I use. I will give general dynamical conditions that underlie the logical conditions traditionally assigned to emergence in nature.The advantage of this is that, though we cannot test logical conditions directly, we can test dynamical conditions. This gives us an empirical and realistic form of emergence, contrary those who say it is a matter of perspective.
3
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Reconciled with complexity in research on cognitive systems

100%
Rączaszek-Leonardi J.
Avant
|
2016
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
EN
The causes of human behavior cannot be simple. Every move we make has a nested hierarchy of causes that affect its direction, timing and form. The billiard-ball type of causality that is usually assumed to explain human action cannot give sufficient justice to this complexity. In this paper, I point to those perspectives that respect the complexity of cognitive systems and recognize that cognition involves changes on many nested time scales and in many ne- sted systems. A brief overview of methods that are suitable for dealing with such interaction-dominant complex systems is presented and used as a back- ground for describing a specific research program with the aim of clarifying the role of language as one of the nested factors shaping cognition. I illustrate this endeavor with two studies: one concerning the development of language as interaction control and another detailing how language may shape cogni- tive processes on several timescales. Reconciliation with complexity leads us to ask slightly different questions and expect different answers than when using simplified componential models of cognition and helps demarcate the limits of predictability.
4
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Content available

Reconciled with complexity in research on cognitive systems

100%
Rączaszek-Leonardi J.
Avant
|
2016
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
EN
The causes of human behavior cannot be simple. Every move we make has a nested hierarchy of causes that affect its direction, timing and form. The billiard-ball type of causality that is usually assumed to explain human action cannot give sufficient justice to this complexity. In this paper, I point to those perspectives that respect the complexity of cognitive systems and recognize that cognition involves changes on many nested time scales and in many ne- sted systems. A brief overview of methods that are suitable for dealing with such interaction-dominant complex systems is presented and used as a back- ground for describing a specific research program with the aim of clarifying the role of language as one of the nested factors shaping cognition. I illustrate this endeavor with two studies: one concerning the development of language as interaction control and another detailing how language may shape cogni- tive processes on several timescales. Reconciliation with complexity leads us to ask slightly different questions and expect different answers than when using simplified componential models of cognition and helps demarcate the limits of predictability.
5
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Potoki w sieciach transportowych. Rozkład przestrzenny i jego własności dynamiczne

86%
Dorosiewicz S.
|
2012
|
vol. 59
|
issue 2
138-148
PL
Praca dotyczy zagadnienia przydziału ruchu. Sformułowano dynamiczny model opisujący prze-strzenny rozkład potoków w sieci transportowej. Zbadane zostały własności dynamiczne tego modelu w kilku przypadkach szczególnych.
EN
This paper refers to Dynamic Traffic Assignment Problem. A consecutive dynamic model of traf-fic flows is formulated. Some of its dynamical properties (including existence of chaotic solutions and bifurcations) are examined in special cases.
6

Against Smallism And Localism

72%
de Oliveira G. S., Chemero A.
Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric
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2015
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vol. 41
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issue 1
9-23
EN
The question whether cognition ever extends beyond the head is widely considered to be an empirical issue. And yet, all the evidence amassed in recent years has not sufficed to settle the debate. In this paper we suggest that this is because the debate is not really an empirical one, but rather a matter of definition. Traditional cognitive science can be identified as wedded to the ideals of “smallism” and “localism”. We criticize these ideals and articulate a case in favor of extended cognition by highlighting the historical pedigree and conceptual adequacy of related empirical and theoretical work.
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