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EN
The authors of this study present the results of surveys in significant areas of social peda-gogy relating to both the prevention of overweight and obesity in children, and healthy lifestyle edu-cation. The psychosocial aspects of overweight and obesity in early age and preschool children are monitored in the context of selected socio-demographic indicators in the Czech Republic, Great Brit-ain, the USA, Australia, some European countries, Iran and China. The purpose of such oriented stud-ies is to find appropriate preventive, pedagogical or therapeutic interventions that could contribute to the elimination of risk factors in the particular societies.
EN
Based on theoretical analysis of foreign and national scientists concerning features of mental development of early age children, a comprehensive technique for diagnosing of a state of mental and physical development was created, criteria, indicators and possible conclusions were determined. Diagnosing and detecting of child development disorders is the first step to predict and organize correctional and developmental procedures and to form successful compensatory mechanisms. Necessity to prevent mental and physical developmental disorders of early age children and to create social and educational environment for personal development is necessary for adequate treatment and rehabilitation, psychological and educational activities and makes important issues of special pedagogy and psychology forwarded on searching of techniques for studying of early age children’s development and education methods for them.
EN
Neurodevelopmental disorders are changes in the development caused by internal and external factors, they manifest from the prenatal period or become visible in the early child development. The early age (0-3 years) is crucial for the detection and identification of diversion in psychomotor development, as well as for the initiation of intervention strategies. The paper provides insight into the current understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders (according to DSM-5 and MKCH 11) at an early age; explains their more detailed context, the possibilities of recognition predictors and precursors in paediatric practice, and the related need for professional care. It underlines the importance and real possibilities of interdisciplinary cooperation of paediatricians and psychologists to support the maximization of psychomotor development, built on the research-verified common neurodevelopmental basis of particular developmental domains.
PL
Na podstawie teoretycznej analizy badań zagranicznych i krajowych naukowców cech rozwoju psychicznego dzieci wczesnego wieku opracowano kompleksową metodę diagnozowania stanu psychicznego i rozwoju fizycznego, ich kryteria, wskaźniki i wnioski. Diagnozowanie i wykrywanie nieprawidłowości w rozwoju dziecka jest pierwszym krokiem do prognozy i organizacji procesu korekcyjno-rozwojowego i skutecznego kształtowania mechanizmów wyrównawczych. Konieczność zapobiegania objawom zaburzeń psychicznego i fizycznego rozwoju dzieci wczesnego wieku i tworzenie społeczno-pedagogicznych warunków do indywidualnego rozwoju jest niezbędna dla przeprowadzenia niezbęnych leczniczo-rehabilitacyjnych i psychologiczno-pedagogicznych zabiegów, a także nadaje aktualność problemom z zakresu pedagogiki specjalnej i psychologii w poszukiwaniu metod badania rozwoju i wychowania dzieci w pierwszych latach życia.
EN
Based on theoretical analysis of foreign and national scientists concerning features of mental development of early age children, a comprehensive technique for diagnosing of a state of mental and physical development was created, criteria, indicators and possible conclusions were determined. Diagnosing and detecting of child development disorders is the first step to predict and organize correctional and developmental procedures and to form successful compensatory mechanisms. Necessity to prevent mental and physical developmental disorders of early age children and to create social and educational environment for personal development is necessary for adequate treatment and rehabilitation, psychological and educational activities and makes important issues of special pedagogy and psychology forwarded on searching of techniques for studying of early age children’s development and education methods for them.
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