Search results

1

Szczególne obowiązki nauczyciela religii w świetle wyroku Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka Fernández Martinez v. Hiszpania

100%

Czelny M.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2015

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vol. XIII

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issue 4

45-56

EN

The case analyzed by the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights on 12th of June, 2014 pertains to a Catholic priest, a teacher of religion. Due to his shocking, and even “outrageous” behavior (civil marriage, from which five children were born; the publication of an article on the “Movement for Optional Celibacy” for priests; statements regarding Catholic celibacy and democracy; views regarding the issue of abortion and family planning inconsistent with the doctrine of the Catholic Church), the diocesan bishop, on the basis of papal rescript, deprived him of the right to teach the Catholic religion in a public school. Judgment of the Court, by a narrow majority (9: 8), found the bishop’s interference justified. To support its claim, the Grand Chamber pointed to the autonomy of religious communities in nomination or removal of teachers of religion in accordance with specific qualifications, arising from their internal law and due to its internal needs. Therefore, religious education teachers have a special duty to increased loyalty to the religious association that employs them. The Judgment of the European Court of Human Rights Fernández Martínez v. Spain is applied under provisions of Polish law. The appointment and removal of teachers of religion involves the obligatory possession of their canonical mission (missio canonica). The canonical mission is a written referral, issued by a competent, appropriate authority of the religious association (in the case of the Catholic Church it is the appropriate diocesan bishop; in the case of other religious associations, it is the competent authority of those religious associations) to assume the responsibilities of a teacher of religion in a particular school (kindergarten) (see. § 5. 1 of the Regulation of the Minister of National Education of 14 April 1992 – on conditions and ways of organizing the religious education in public kindergartens and schools). Hence, the canonical mission on the one hand, it is a mandate of trust for religious teacher (catechist) and on the other hand, it is a guarantee of fidelity to the doctrine of the catechist religious association.

2

La connaissance de la loi ecclésiastique chez Socrate de Constantinople en confrontation avec l‘oeuvre de Hermias Sozomène

100%

Bralewski S.

Studia Ceranea

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2016

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vol. 6

243-255

EN

In subject literature there has been a discussion regarding juridical education of Socrates, the author of Ecclesiastical History. For quite long he has been believed to be a lawyer, owing to the title scholastikos, attributed to him. Recently, however, his legal education has been questioned by some scholars. The purpose of this article is to try to answer whether Socrates, as viewed from the work of Sozomen, also presumably a lawyer, could have knowledge of ecclesiastical law and distinguished between the terms of canon (used in ecclesiastical law) and nomos (used in civil law). The analysis of both Ecclesiastical Histories proves that the word canon had numerous meanings for Socrates, who used it while referring to pure ecclesiastical law, as well as to church regulations or practices, ordinances, resolutions, church registry, or even expressions of faith. Moreover, some regulations in ecclesiastical law were not always called canons by Socrates, which demonstrates some lack of precision while using legal terminology. Sozomen, on the other hand, while correcting Socrates’ narration, restricted the meaning of the term canon only to the particular church regulations, excluding those established by heterodox synods, which had a significant impact on how frequently they appeared in the text. The liberty of using legal terms by Socrates can be an additional argument to prove that he was not a professional lawyer, just like some discrepancies in the knowledge of ecclesiastical law are clearly visible in describing powers of the bishops of Rome and Constantinople.

FR

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3

Miejsce i rola słuszności w prawie kościelnym

75%

Auguścik M.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2014

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vol. 23

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issue 2

7-26

EN

The topic of article is equity, its role and place in church law. This is philosophical and ethical category which infiltrate with the whole system of ecclesiastical law. Content of Revelation and anthropological and axiological implications focus in the ecclesiastical law. The law in not the final and closed reality. It makes canon law a tool of evangelization. When subject of the law is not able to obey the rule, keeping equity makes possibility finding the most optimal, individual solution. Although the worshiper does not obey the rule, nevertheless follows the justice and actualizes vocation to being saved in Christ.

4

Polityka konkordatowa Stolicy Apostolskiej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej

75%

Pieronek T.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2014

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issue 3(29)

147-177

EN

The beginnings of the concordat policy of the Holy See, the changes in the Codex of Canon Law which took place after the First World War. The period in which many countries broke agreements with the Holy See. This period began ca. 1922 due to the emergence of the United Soviet Socialist Republics and all of the countries which were subordinate to it after the Second World War. The regulations of mutual relations between the Catholic Church and the state, which was used to be set out in concordats and international agreements, was replaced by state legislation of various standards, and the administrative supervision over all of the religious denominations was entrusted by passing an act of law was entrusted to the Office of Religious Denominations. The latter was furnished with broad, almost dictatorial competences. In such difficult times the Catholic Church experienced one of the most important events in the 20th century – the Second Vatican Council (1962‑1965) – four years of hard work and epochal deliberations about the Catholic Church and its mission in the world. The thinking of the council is contained in the entire doctrinal and pastoral output of the Council, especially in four of its documents: in the Decree about The pastoral task of the bishops in the Church “Christus Dominus”, in the Dogmatic Constitution On the Church “Lumen gentium”, in the Declaration On Religious Freedom “Dignitatis humanae” and in the pastoral Constitution On the Church in the modern world “Gaudium et spes”. The Second Vatican Council was not directly engaged in bilateral agreements with states, but after the council was over there were executive acts which regulated this area of concern. The Codex of Canon Law of 1983 was one of the more important documents of this kind. Ostpolitik – i.e. the eastern policy of the Holy See. The Vatican Diplomacy was faced with the great and difficult task of providing assistance to the Catholic Church in the countries of the Soviet bloc through the establishment of contacts with communist governments. Here there is a description of efforts made by successive representatives of the Holy See directed toward the propagation of religious freedom and human rights, mainly in the countries of Central‑Eastern Europe. The events associated with the Concordat of Poland with the Holy See were crucial not only for the parties involved in it, but it was also the first solemn act of collaboration between the Vatican and a postcommunist country. At the same time other Central‑Eastern European countries took a similar course whose aim was to achieve normalization in the relations with the Church. Nowhere was this course easy. The concordat policy of the Holy See with the countries of Central and Eastern Europe conducted during the course of John Paul II’s pontificate was doubtlessly a continuation of the policy of his predecessors, especially of John XXIII and Paul VI – the popes of the Second Vatican Council. This policy was the next stage in the development of the diplomacy of the Holy See, which was held in high regard for its discretion, patience and effectiveness in the achievement of goals in a constantly changing world that made the Catholic Church face new challenges.

5

Nadzwyczajne formy notyfikacji dekretu poszczególnego (kan. 55–56 KPK)

75%

Dzierżon G.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2016

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vol. 25

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issue 2

71-78

EN

The author of the presented article carried out a thorough interpretation of cann. 55 and 56 CIC. His analyses show that the conditions specified in can. 55 CIC are required in order to make a decree fair but are not necessary to make it valid. The author claims that despite the nature of these requirements one should not treat them disrespectfully in their administrative practice. This is because the written form of a decree guarantees its justice and gives its addressees the right to defense. First and foremost, however, a written record is necessary for evidential purposes. The author believes that a form equivalent to a notification described in can. 56 CIC complements other forms codified in cann. 54 and 55 CIC. It is his opinion that introducing this kind of solutions based on mechanisms of fiction is justifiable since issuing decrees often generates tensions between the parties involved. He understands that the functioning of such solutions ensures the effectiveness of these administrative acts even in specific situations.

6

Sources of the Norm About Doubt of Law and Lack of Obligation—Can. 14

75%

Otieno Mwandha K.

Roczniki Teologiczne

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2016

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vol. 63

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issue 10: Nauki o rodzinie

161-187

EN

In canon law, doubt is one of the conditions under which an ecclesiastical law may lack an obligation. The concepts contained in the text of the law in both canon 14 and CCEO canon 1496 pose a single reality of doubt with two facets of law or of fact. In doubt of law, laws even if they are disqualifying or invalidating, do not oblige. If the doubt is about a fact, the law obliges but the competent authority can dispense it. The research focuses majorly on the historical origin of the rule about doubt of law and lack of obligation. The origin of this rule may help to understand whether it is a juridical law capable of producing a juridical obligation with respective juridical effects, or if its positivistic application may have some juridical and moral consequences in relation to individual’s rights or the rights of the third parties.

PL

W prawie kanonicznym wątpliwość prawna jest jednym z warunków, w jakich prawo kościelne nie obowiązuje. Pojęcia zawarte w tekście ustawy zarówno w kanonie 14 KPK, jak i kanonie 1496 KKKW stanowią jedną rzeczywistość wątpliwości z dwóch aspektów prawnych lub faktycznych. Wątpliwości prawnej kodeksu nie obowiązują, nawet unieważniające i uniezdalniające. Jeśli wątpliwości są natury faktycznej, prawo obowiązuje, ale właściwe władze mogą od niego dyspensować. Autor w swoim artykule koncentruje się na historycznym kontekście powyższej reguły.

7

Legaci apostolscy w Polsce w wiekach średnich i ich rola w przyjmowaniu partykularnego ustawodawstwa kościelnego przez Kościół polski – aspekty edukacyjne

71%

Ratajczak K.

Biuletyn Historii Wychowania

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2010

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issue 26

7-18

EN

The official reception of the conciliar legislation in medieval Poland was greatly influenced by the papal legates, ambassadors endowed with papal authority, who brought conciliar canons to the country ruled at the time by the Piasts and made them public at councils convened with the participation of papal legates, closely monitored the observance of Canon Law and its scope expansion, concurred statutes of Polish provincial and diocesan councils, approved or rejected nominations of bishops, etc. They also acted as intermediaries in personal interventions of popes in their involvement in the functioning of the Church in Poland. Their duties also included inspections in dioceses. Visits of papal legates in Poland were relatively frequent and their main goal was to enforce and implement ecclesiastical reforms in the country. In some instances, a strict relationship between a stay of a papal representative in Poland and the process of the creation and spread of schools is clearly observable. The article examines source accounts concerning the visits of papal legates in Poland, as well as analyses the available statues of legate councils in terms of the provisions included in them regarding education of representatives of the clergy and laymen alike.

8

Dowody w postępowaniu o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa i w postępowaniu o rozwód

63%

Budniaczyńska Ż.

Kościół i Prawo

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2017

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issue 6 (19) nr 1

177-193

PL

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest próba porównania dwóch postępowań, tj. postępowania o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa (w prawie kanonicznym) oraz postępowania o rozwód (w prawie polskim), a w szczególności wskazania podobieństw i różnic powoływanych przez strony dowodów. Niewątpliwie na gruncie prawa kanonicznego powołane dowody służą innemu celowi, niż w prawie polskim. O ile dowody powołane w procesie o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa prawie zawsze mogłyby powołane zostać w procesie o rozwód, o tyle niekoniecznie będzie tak w sytuacji odwrotnej. Powyższe opracowanie ma na celu bliższe poznanie obu systemów prawnych.

EN

The main purpose of the following study is attempt to compare of two proceedings i.e. the proceedings for declaration the invalidity of the marriage (in canon law) and divorce proceedings (in Polish law), in particular to point out similarities and differences of evidence which refer by the parties in both proceedings. Undoubtedly on the basis of the canon law evidence serve different purpose than on the basis of the Polish law. While established evidence in the proceedings for declaration the invalidity of the marriage could be almost always establish in divorce proceedings, there is not necessarily be in the opposite situation. The following study is aimed at closer inspection of both legal systems.

9

Instytucja małżeństwa w porządku kanonicznym Kościoła Anglii

63%

Kilanowski I. M.

Ius Matrimoniale

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2022

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vol. 33

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issue 1

195-210

EN

The article presents the institution of marriage in the Anglican legal order. Starting from the legal-comparative analysis of marriage in Anglican and Catholic canon law, the issues are presented the sacramentality of marriage, the religious-state nature of Anglican marriages and the methods of contracting marriage with civil consequences in the British legal order. The subject of the analysis are also the nullity of an Anglican marriage and the declaration of divorce – an institution unknow in Catholic canon law. The summary is a comparison of the institution of marriage in the canon law of the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England.

PL

Artykuł prezentuje instytucję małżeństwa w anglikańskim porządku prawnym. Wychodząc od prawno-porównawczej analizy małżeństwa w prawie kanonicznym anglikańskim i katolickim, przedstawione zostaną kwestie sakramentalności związku małżeńskiego, religijno-państwowego charakteru małżeństw anglikańskich oraz sposobów zawarcia małżeństwa ze skutkami cywilnymi w brytyjskim porządku prawnym. Przedmiotem analizy jest także orzeczenie nieważności małżeństwa anglikańskiego oraz orzeczenie rozwodu – instytucji nieznanej w katolickim prawie kanonicznym. Podsumowanie stanowi porównanie instytucji małżeństwa w prawie kanonicznym Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego oraz Kościoła Anglii.

10

Posoborowe implikacje dotyczące eklezjologii prawa kościelnego w doktrynie polskich kanonistów

63%

Kołodziejski M.

Kościół i Prawo

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2019

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issue 8 (21) nr 2

171-188

PL

W rozważaniach dotyczących eklezjologii Kościoła z punktu widzenia kanonistycznego, ale i również teologicznego, wydaje się słusznym stwierdzić, iż w sposób pełny nie da się wyczerpać definicji Kościoła, ponieważ właśnie w aspekcie niewidzialnym pozostanie on nieuchwytny w ramach badań czysto empirycznych. Dlatego słusznie stwierdzają polscy kanoniści, że prawo kanoniczne powinno badać z własnego punktu widzenia ten porządek, a kanonistyka nie powinna określać się przez relacje do innych nauk, lecz poszukiwać własnych metod prowadzących do celu. Kanoniści stawiali sobie pytanie, w jaki sposób dyrektywy wydawane przez prawodawcę, który kieruje społecznością, mają się do własnego i podstawowego celu Kościoła – zbawienia dusz. Dary chrztu i predyspozycje naturalne mają nadawać dynamizm całej wspólnocie. Wydaje się również słusznym zarzut stawiamy obecnemu Kodeksowi, jakoby prawa wiernych zostały w nim zawarte nieco defensywnie. Rozróżnienie pomiędzy pierwszorzędnym celem prawa regulującym życie społeczne, jak i ostatecznym, czyli zbawieniem, dało odpowiedź. Prawo umożliwia osiągnięcie zbawienia właśnie przez własny porządek, który pośrednio służy temu celowi i ostatecznie ukierunkowuje na cel ostateczny.

EN

In the considerations regarding the ecclesiology of the Church from a canonistic and theological point of view, it seems right to spell out that the definition of the Church cannot be fully met. It is because it will remain elusive in purely empirical research. For this reason Polish canonists rightly consider that canon law should examine from own point of view. While disciple of canon law should not be determined itself in relations to other sciences, but should seek its own methods leading to the goal. The canonists framed the question how directives issued by the legislator who manages the community relate to the Church’s own and fundamental goal – the salvation of souls. Baptism gifts and natural predispositions are to give dynamism to the whole community. The allegation with regard to the 1983 Code of Canon Law that it contains defensive provisions of law seems to be justified. The distinction between the primary purpose of law regulating social life and the ultimate, that is, salvation, gave the answer. The law makes it possible to achieve salvation through our own order, which indirectly serves this purpose and ultimately directs it to the final goal.

11

Adam Vetulani – Jakub Sawicki. Rzecz o obsadzeniu katedr dawnego prawa polskiego i prawa kościelnego w II Rzeczypospolitej

51%

Żukowski P. M.

Studia Iuridica

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2016

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vol. 61

387-430

EN

The paper shows a scientific career of Adam Vetulani and Jakub Sawicki. It also shows the way of appointing ancient Polish law and ecclesiastical law departments in the Second Polish Republic through their achievements. After the example of German countries, the department (full or assistance) was not a unit of faculty, but in fact a permanent employment for the professor. In the period between two World Wars the President of the Polish Republic nominated scientists to be chiefs of the department. In addition, there was also a possibility to stipulate the scope of duties in an agreement. There was no title of professor, because somebody who had abandoned the department was not professor there any more. One of the ways to be nominated in the department was getting the so called veiniam legendi, which meant the right to give lectures and to be assistant professor. The legal basis for such resolution were two university acts: first dated July 13, 1920, and the second March 15, 1933. Adam Vetulani was professor of history of the Polish law at the Jagiellonian University. Jakub Sawicki was assistant professor of ecclesiastical law at USB. Adam Vetulani was proposed as the candidate for ecclesiastical law department in Cracow. But the Ministry of Religion and Education delayed the confirmation of application, due to insufficiency of scientific achievements of the candidate. It was also emphasised that A. Vetulani had been already assistant professor of history of the Polish law. After completing scientific achievements A. Vetulani received nomination. In addition in the 1930s he got proposition from the University of Warsaw. It was not easy for friends. After habilitation in Vilnius, J. Sawicki worked as a clerk and he was not employed by any university. In that time the University of Warsaw offered the department of canonical law to A. Vetulani. In the end A. Vetulani did not move to Warsaw, whereas J. Sawicki delivered commission lectures.

12

Ochrona danych osobowych w związkach wyznaniowych w świetle unijnego rozporządzenia nr 2016/679

38%

Hucał M.

Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego

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2017

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vol. 20

185-222

PL

Sprawa ochrony danych osobowych w związkach wyznaniowych będzie przedmiotem istotnej zmiany z uwagi na rozporządzenie Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady Unii Europejskiej nr 2016/679 z dnia 27 kwietnia 2016 r. w sprawie ochrony osób fizycznych w związku z przetwarzaniem danych osobowych i w sprawie swobodnego przepływu takich danych. Nowe prawo unijne wprowadza ważny mechanizm prawny, zmuszający kościoły do rozwoju wewnętrznych regulacji ochrony danych oraz powołania niezależnego organu nadzorczego. W praktyce będzie oznaczało to wzmocnienie konstytucyjnego prawa do prywatności w największych związkach wyznaniowych, ale także ryzyko poddania wielu mniejszych nadzorowi organu publicznego. Szereg wątpliwości dotyczących art. 91 rozporządzenia prezentowanych przez jego komentatorów, specjalizujących się w prawie ochrony danych osobowych, wskazuje, jak poważnym wyzwaniem jest to zagadnienie dla związków wyznaniowych i nauki prawa wyznaniowego.

EN

The issue of protection of personal data in religious communities will be subject of a significant change due to (EU) Regulation No. 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. The new EU regulation introduces an important mechanism that forces churches to develop an internal data protection law and an independent supervisory authority. In practice this means strengthening the constitutional right to privacy in the largest churches based on their internal institutions, but also involves a risk of subjecting many smaller religious communities to public scrutiny. Many doubts regarding Article 91 presented by Polish commentators specializing in the protection of personal data show how important this issue and the preparation of changes are for religious communities.

Refine search results

Szczególne obowiązki nauczyciela religii w świetle wyroku Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka Fernández Martinez v. Hiszpania

La connaissance de la loi ecclésiastique chez Socrate de Constantinople en confrontation avec l‘oeuvre de Hermias Sozomène

Miejsce i rola słuszności w prawie kościelnym

Polityka konkordatowa Stolicy Apostolskiej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej

Nadzwyczajne formy notyfikacji dekretu poszczególnego (kan. 55–56 KPK)

Sources of the Norm About Doubt of Law and Lack of Obligation—Can. 14

Legaci apostolscy w Polsce w wiekach średnich i ich rola w przyjmowaniu partykularnego ustawodawstwa kościelnego przez Kościół polski – aspekty edukacyjne

Dowody w postępowaniu o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa i w postępowaniu o rozwód

Instytucja małżeństwa w porządku kanonicznym Kościoła Anglii

Posoborowe implikacje dotyczące eklezjologii prawa kościelnego w doktrynie polskich kanonistów

Adam Vetulani – Jakub Sawicki. Rzecz o obsadzeniu katedr dawnego prawa polskiego i prawa kościelnego w II Rzeczypospolitej

Ochrona danych osobowych w związkach wyznaniowych w świetle unijnego rozporządzenia nr 2016/679